Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Silvia Pappalardi, Laura Foini, Jorge Kurchan
Summary: This article discusses the constraints imposed by quantum mechanics on the dynamics of correlation at low temperatures, which can be explained by the quantum fluctuation-dissipation theorem. By exploring the replicated space, the article shows that the quantum bound to chaos is a direct consequence of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Thinking in terms of fluctuation-dissipation allows for a direct connection between bounds and other thermodynamic properties.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yohei Shida, Jun'ichi Ozaki, Hideki Takayasu, Misako Takayasu
Summary: In this study, a novel idea of treating moving people as charged particles is introduced to map macroscopic human flows into currents on an imaginary electric circuit defined over a metropolitan area. The study finds that conductance is nearly proportional to the maximum current in each location, and synchronized human flows in the morning and evening are well described by the temporal changes of electric potential. Surprisingly, the famous fluctuation-dissipation theorem holds, indicating that the variances of currents are proportional to the conductivities akin to an ordinary material.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Igor M. Sokolov
Summary: In this study, we investigate fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDRs) for a Brownian motion under renewal resetting with arbitrary waiting time distribution between the resetting events. We find that if the distribution of waiting times possesses the second moment, the usual (generalized) FDR and the equivalent generalized Einstein's relation (GER) apply for the response function of the coordinate. In the case where the second moment of waiting times diverges but the first one stays finite, the static susceptibility diverges and the usual FDR breaks down, but the GER still applies. In all of these situations, the fluctuation dissipation relations define the effective temperature of the system, which is twice as high as the temperature of the medium in which the Brownian motion takes place.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Camilla Sarra, Marco Baldovin, Angelo Vulpiani
Summary: Entropy production is a proxy for detecting nonequilibrium, but it does not reveal spatial currents or information fluxes in specific elements of the system. Studying transfer entropy and response quantifies the influence of system parts and the asymmetry of fluxes. Numerical investigations show the relationship between entropy production and introduced degrees of asymmetry.
Article
Mechanics
Giovanni Battista Carollo, Federico Corberi, Giuseppe Gonnella
Summary: We study two paradigmatic spin models described in terms of variables attached to two different thermal baths. As one bath becomes extremely slow, these models become a paramagnet and a one-dimensional ferromagnet. Our study is motivated by analogies with disordered systems where widely separated timescales associated with different effective temperatures emerge. We show that these systems reach a stationary state in a finite time for any choice of parameters. We determine the non-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation and discuss the thermalization process and the emergence of a non-trivial fluctuation-dissipation ratio.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Qi Gao, Hyun-Myung Chun, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: We analyze the static response to perturbations of nonequilibrium steady states modeled as one-dimensional diffusions on the circle. We demonstrate that arbitrary perturbations can be decomposed into combinations of three specific classes of perturbations that can be effectively addressed individually. For each class, we derive simple formulas that quantitatively characterize the response in terms of the strength of nonequilibrium driving, valid even far from equilibrium.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Steven Blaber, Miranda D. Louwerse, David A. Sivak
Summary: This passage discusses how micro- and nanoscale systems dissipate significant energy when driven by rapid changes in control parameters, and in the fast-protocol limit, protocols that minimize dissipation at fixed duration are universally a two-step process. Jump protocols could be utilized by molecular machines or thermodynamic computing to enhance energetic efficiency, and can be implemented in nonequilibrium free-energy estimation for accuracy improvement.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
S. Gherardini, G. Giachetti, S. Ruffo, A. Trombettoni
Summary: This study examines the heat statistics of a multilevel quantum system monitored by projective measurements, analyzing the late-time properties and conditions for infinite-temperature thermalization. It shows that ITT is identified by a fixed point of a random matrix, with exceptions of partial thermalization. The order of limits M -> infinity and N -> infinity is crucial, impacting whether ITT occurs or the system becomes classical.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pierre Rizkallah, Alessandro Sarracino, Olivier Benichou, Pierre Illien
Summary: Absolute negative mobility (ANM) refers to the situation where the average velocity of a driven tracer is opposite to the direction of the driving force. In this study, a microscopic theory for ANM is provided by considering an active tracer particle on a lattice populated with mobile passive crowders. The analytical calculation of the tracer particle's velocity as a function of system parameters is conducted using a decoupling approximation, and the results are compared with numerical simulations. The range of parameters where ANM can be observed is determined, the response of the environment to the tracer's displacement is characterized, and the mechanism underlying ANM and its relationship with negative differential mobility are clarified.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timo Kerremans, Peter Samuelsson, Patrick P. Potts
Summary: Fluctuations of thermodynamic observables are not considered in traditional laws, but they contain relevant information. We show that the first law of thermodynamics may break down in the presence of quantum fluctuations, due to constraints imposed by quantum mechanics on the knowledge of heat and work.
Article
Optics
Shadi Ali Ahmad, Alexander R. H. Smith
Summary: This study considers an ancilla-assisted protocol for measuring the work done on a quantum system driven by a time-dependent Hamiltonian. By quantifying the effect of measurement on the estimated work distribution, average work done on the system, and average heat exchanged with the measuring apparatus, corrections to fluctuation relations are found.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Dick Bedeaux, Signe Kjelstrup
Summary: This paper discusses how to handle the size- and shape-dependence of porous media properties, proposes a method to obtain average densities suitable for integration on the coarse-grained scale, and analyzes the entropy production and fluctuating contributions for multiphase fluids in porous media.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Lokrshi Prawar Dadhichi, Klaus Kroy
Summary: Graham has shown that a fluctuation-dissipation relation can be imposed on nonequilibrium Markovian Langevin equations with a stationary Fokker-Planck solution. The equilibrium form of the Langevin equation is associated with a nonequilibrium Hamiltonian. This study provides insight into the loss of time-reversal invariance in the Hamiltonian and the loss of time-reversal symmetries in reactive and dissipative fluxes.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Cavagna, P. M. Chaikin, D. Levine, S. Martiniani, A. Puglisi, M. Viale
Summary: Collective behavior displays a rich combination of different kinds of order, making it difficult to define phases clearly. Compression-based entropies, such as computable information density, have proven useful in describing different phases of out-of-equilibrium systems. These entropies can be effective tools in distinguishing various noise regimes and transitions between different phases, even when certain parameters are not explicitly used.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Xudong Wang, Yao Chen
Summary: This paper studies the effects of external forces on two types of random diffusivity models and explores the important role of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in random diffusivity systems.
