Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Dylan Brennan, Aaron Froese, Meritt Reynolds, Sandra Barsky, Alex Wen, Zhirui Wang, Michael Delage, Michel Laberge
Summary: The study reveals that control of toroidal field variation and extension of the length of shaft are crucial for stable operation of a highly compressed plasma. Nonlinear simulations are consistent with linear analyses, confirming both stability and conservation properties.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. A. Schwartz, A. O. Nelson, E. Kolemen
Summary: Shaping a tokamak plasma to have a negative triangularity may improve operation in an edge-localized mode-free L-mode regime and reduce divertor power-handling requirements. However, this shaping may lower the no-wall ideal beta limit. This study constructs a theoretical model and investigates the impact of triangularity on the levelized cost of energy. The results show that, if the tokamak is limited by a fixed magnetic field, a negative-triangularity reactor significantly increases the cost of energy; however, if the reactor is limited by divertor heat fluxes, a negative-triangularity reactor may reduce the peak heat flux and cost of energy.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Linjin Zheng, M. T. Kotschenreuther, F. L. Waelbroeck, Y. Todo
Summary: A radially adaptive numerical scheme is proposed to solve the Grad-Shafranov equation for axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium. The scheme greatly improves the accuracy of the equilibrium solution and reduces the matrix size for solving the equilibrium problem. It has significant importance in tokamak equilibrium studies.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. C. Shaing, M. S. Chu, Y-K M. Peng
Summary: It has been found that the width of trapped particles like bananas in tokamaks is reduced due to magnetic squeezing, leading to a decrease in ion heat conductivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. B. Zylstra, O. A. Hurricane, D. A. Callahan, A. L. Kritcher, J. E. Ralph, H. F. Robey, J. S. Ross, C. V. Young, K. L. Baker, D. T. Casey, T. Doppner, L. Divol, M. Hohenberger, S. Le Pape, A. Pak, P. K. Patel, R. Tommasini, S. J. Ali, P. A. Amendt, L. J. Atherton, B. Bachmann, D. Bailey, L. R. Benedetti, L. Berzak Hopkins, R. Betti, S. D. Bhandarkar, J. Biener, R. M. Bionta, N. W. Birge, E. J. Bond, D. K. Bradley, T. Braun, T. M. Briggs, M. W. Bruhn, P. M. Celliers, B. Chang, T. Chapman, H. Chen, C. Choate, A. R. Christopherson, D. S. Clark, J. W. Crippen, E. L. Dewald, T. R. Dittrich, M. J. Edwards, W. A. Farmer, J. E. Field, D. Fittinghoff, J. Frenje, J. Gaffney, M. Gatu Johnson, S. H. Glenzer, G. P. Grim, S. Haan, K. D. Hahn, G. N. Hall, B. A. Hammel, J. Harte, E. Hartouni, J. E. Heebner, V. J. Hernandez, H. Herrmann, M. C. Herrmann, D. E. Hinkel, D. D. Ho, J. P. Holder, W. W. Hsing, H. Huang, K. D. Humbird, N. Izumi, L. C. Jarrott, J. Jeet, O. Jones, G. D. Kerbel, S. M. Kerr, S. F. Khan, J. Kilkenny, Y. Kim, H. Geppert Kleinrath, V. Geppert Kleinrath, C. Kong, J. M. Koning, J. J. Kroll, M. K. G. Kruse, B. Kustowski, O. L. Landen, S. Langer, D. Larson, N. C. Lemos, J. D. Lindl, T. Ma, M. J. MacDonald, B. J. MacGowan, A. J. Mackinnon, S. A. MacLaren, A. G. MacPhee, M. M. Marinak, D. A. Mariscal, E. V. Marley, L. Masse, K. Meaney, N. B. Meezan, P. A. Michel, M. Millot, J. L. Milovich, J. D. Moody, A. S. Moore, J. W. Morton, T. Murphy, K. Newman, J. -M. G. Di Nicola, A. Nikroo, R. Nora, M. V. Patel, L. J. Pelz, J. L. Peterson, Y. Ping, B. B. Pollock, M. Ratledge, N. G. Rice, H. Rinderknecht, M. Rosen, M. S. Rubery, J. D. Salmonson, J. Sater, S. Schiaffino, D. J. Schlossberg, M. B. Schneider, C. R. Schroeder, H. A. Scott, S. M. Sepke, K. Sequoia, M. W. Sherlock, S. Shin, V. A. Smalyuk, B. K. Spears, P. T. Springer, M. Stadermann, S. Stoupin, D. J. Strozzi, L. J. Suter, C. A. Thomas, R. P. J. Town, E. R. Tubman, P. L. Volegov, C. R. Weber, K. Widmann, C. Wild, C. H. Wilde, B. M. Van Wonterghem, D. T. Woods, B. N. Woodworth, M. Yamaguchi, S. T. Yang, G. B. Zimmerman
Summary: A burning-plasma state has been achieved in the laboratory using a laser facility to generate X-rays and compress and heat a fuel-containing capsule. Experiments show fusion self-heating exceeding the mechanical work input, and a subset of experiments appear to have crossed the static self-heating boundary, providing an opportunity to study α-particle-dominated plasmas and burning-plasma physics.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
C. Angioni, N. Bonanomi, E. Fable, P. A. Schneider, G. Tardini, T. Luda, G. M. Staebler
Summary: The dependence of confinement of a tokamak plasma in L-mode on magnetic field is explored using experiments and theoretical modelling. The results confirm weak dependence of global confinement on magnetic field, in agreement with scaling laws and theoretical predictions. The modelling approach is extended to investigate confinement dependence on magnetic field, plasma current and size.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
I. T. Chapman, N. R. Walkden
Summary: Fusion energy is a globally active area of development and innovation, with various design concepts and technical challenges. While specific challenges may differ between designs, there are common challenges such as tritium handling, material survivability, and nuclear data validation. By comparing magnetic and inertial fusion approaches, commonalities and benefits of shared knowledge can be highlighted.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. S. Kurskiev, V. K. Gusev, N. Sakharov, I. M. Balachenkov, N. N. Bakharev, V. V. Bulanin, F. Chernyshev, A. A. Kavin, E. O. Kiselev, N. A. Khromov, V. B. Minaev, I. Miroshnikov, M. Patrov, A. Petrov, Yu Petrov, P. B. Shchegolev, A. Yu Telnova, V. A. Tokarev, S. Yu Tolstyakov, E. A. Tukhmeneva, V. Varfolomeev, A. Yu Yashin, N. S. Zhiltsov
Summary: The study demonstrates that increasing the magnetic field and plasma current in spherical tokamak experiments can significantly enhance fusion triple product and energy confinement, with neutral beam heating potentially contributing to improved energy confinement. Decreased collisionality at higher magnetic field values may lead to enhanced energy confinement.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. S. Kurskiev, V. K. Gusev, N. V. Sakharov, Yu. V. Petrov, N. N. Bakharev, I. M. Balachenkov, A. N. Bazhenov, F. V. Chernyshev, N. A. Khromov, E. O. Kiselev, S. V. Krikunov, V. B. Minaev, I. V. Miroshnikov, A. N. Novokhatskii, N. S. Zhiltsov, E. E. Mukhin, M. I. Patrov, K. D. Shulyatiev, P. B. Shchegolev, O. M. Skrekel, A. Yu. Telnova, E. E. Tkachenko, E. A. Tukhmeneva, V. A. Tokarev, S. Yu. Tolstyakov, V. I. Varfolomeev, A. V. Voronin, V. Yu. Goryainov, V. V. Bulanin, A. V. Petrov, A. M. Ponomarenko, A. Yu. Yashin, A. A. Kavin, E. G. Zhilin, V. A. Solovey
Summary: This work presents the results of an energy confinement study conducted on the compact spherical tokamak Globus-M2. It was found that increasing the magnetic field can lead to a transition to the H-mode and a decrease in plasma turbulence. Neutral beam injection was effective in heating the plasma and increasing the stored energy. The study also confirmed the dependence of energy confinement on the magnetic field and showed that the enhancement of energy confinement is associated with a decrease in collisionality.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
P. E. Hughes, W. Capecchi, D. B. Elliott, L. E. Zakharov, R. E. Bell, C. Hansen, D. P. Boyle, S. N. Gorelenkov, R. Majeski, R. Kaita
Summary: The recent upgrade of the Lithium Tokamak Experiment-Beta (LTX-beta) with neutral beam injection and a new toroidal Mirnov array revealed prompt loss of beam ions, but planned upgrades to the Ohmic heating system are expected to provide the necessary fast ion confinement for beam heating and core fueling. An analytic model relating momentum confinement time to observed evolution of mode rotation suggests values consistent with past measurements of electron energy confinement time.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Baonian Wan, Guosheng Xu
Summary: Advancements in tokamak physics and technology over the past 20 years have paved the way for magnetic confinement fusion research to move towards a steady-state burning plasma.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Wenjin Chen, Zhiwei Ma, Haowei Zhang, Wei Zhang, Longwen Yan
Summary: In this study, magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium schemes with toroidal plasma flows and scrape-off layer were developed for the free boundaries in tokamak cylindrical coordinate. The effects of toroidal flow on magnetic axis shift and plasma parameters were investigated.
PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
C. Paz-Soldan
Summary: The study compared different no-ELM plasma states in the DIII-D plasma database, finding that QH, RMP, and Neg-D states have advantages in power tolerance, while the absolute performance linearly related to IaB is highest in QH and RMP states.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
T. Barberis, F. Porcelli, A. Yolbarsop
Summary: This article presents a new type of fast particle instability involving axisymmetric modes in magnetic fusion tokamak plasmas. The relevant dispersion relation consists of three roots, and the resonant interaction with fast ions can drive the oscillatory roots unstable.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hong-Hao Dai, Miao-Hua Xu, Hong-Yu Guo, Ying-Jun Li, Jie Zhang
Summary: In this study, we investigate the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of two superposed finite-thickness fluid layers with the magnetic field effect taken into account. Analytical formulas are derived to describe this instability. We find that both the thickness and the magnetic field influence the instability, with the effect of thickness being more pronounced at weak magnetic field intensities.