Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Anish Ghoshal, Nobuchika Okada, Satomi Okada, Digesh Raut, Qaisar Shafi, Anil Thapa
Summary: Motivated by the recent measurement of the W boson mass by the CDF collaboration, we propose a type III seesaw extension of the MSSM with an R-parity violating term. We show that the CDF measurement of MW and the LEP measurement of the rho parameter can be simultaneously explained at the 2 sigma level without considering potential SUSY radiative corrections. In this framework, a long-lived gravitino in the few GeV mass range is a unique viable dark matter candidate.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Florian Domingo, Herbi K. Dreiner
Summary: In this study, we investigate the phenomenology of a light bino-like neutralino with mass less than or similar to m(tau) within the framework of the R-parity violating Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. This scenario presents the possibility of producing potentially light and long-lived exotic particles, which can be tested in experiments like the FASER experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. To quantitatively assess the discovery potential and extract limits, a detailed understanding of the interactions between the light exotic fermion and Standard Model matter, particularly the hadronic sector, is necessary. We propose a systematic analysis of the decays of such a particle and derive model-independent low-energy effects, which can be applied to other UV-completions or function as an independent effective field theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Herbi K. Dreiner, Victor Martin Lozano, Saurabh Nangia, Toby Opferkuch
Summary: A final state with a charged lepton, jets, and low missing transverse energy is a promising signature for new physics at the LHC. This channel has received limited attention so far, but can be sensitive to various new physics scenarios. We demonstrate its potential by considering its application to lepton parton distribution functions in the context of supersymmetry.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Si-wen Li
Summary: This study analyzes the holographic Schwinger effect in confining D3- and D4-brane backgrounds with D-instantons, showing that the presence of D-instantons increases the potential barrier and suppresses the pair production/decay rate.Particles in the dual field theory could acquire an effective mass through the Chern-Simons interaction or the theta term due to the presence of D-instantons.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Si-wen Li, Sen-kai Luo, Mu-zhi Tan
Summary: This study investigates the three-dimensional Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in holography by constructing the configuration of D3-branes with D(-1)-branes. The introduction of D7-branes, soliton background, topological phase transitions, Hawking-Page transitions, and entanglement entropy in the confinement phase are discussed. The behavior of the critical temperature and its relationship with the entanglement entropy suggest the potential for using D3-D(-1) systems to study three-dimensional gauge theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Diyu Shen, Jinhui Chen, Aihong Tang, Gang Wang
Summary: In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the chiral magnetic effect (CME) predicts charge separation along the magnetic field direction due to the interaction between chirality imbalance of quarks and intense magnetic field. This study examines the influence of globally spin-aligned p mesons on CME-sensitive observables and emphasizes the importance of p00 measurements for interpreting CME data.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yicheng Feng, Yufu Lin, Jie Zhao, Fuqiang Wang
Summary: Isobaric collisions of Ru-96(44)+Ru-96(44) and Zr-96(40)+Zr-96(40) at root S-NN = 200 GeV were conducted to study the chiral magnetic effect (CME). Due to the large background and weaker signal in isobar collisions compared to Au+Au collisions, detecting the CME with the current data statistics may be challenging. The Anomalous-Viscous Fluid Dynamics (AVFD) model generally supports this expectation, but theoretical uncertainties on the CME still remain significant.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gang Li, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf, Juan Carlos Vasquez
Summary: The study indicates that LR mixing has a significant impact on the 0 nu beta beta decay rate, possibly dominating the decay process, with the long-range pion exchange contribution being more significant than the short-range contribution.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
James M. Cline, Benoit Laurent, Jean -Samuel Roux, Stuart Raby
Summary: Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a theoretical framework that suggests the scale of its breaking can be at petaelectronvolt (PeV) energies, in order to be consistent with experimental searches at the Large Hadron Collider. The breaking of SUSY through a first-order phase transition in the early universe can result in the production of gravitational waves. By constructing a realistic model for gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, it is shown that such a transition can also induce masses for heavy right-handed neutrinos and sneutrinos, and lead to leptogenesis and a novel mechanism for neutrino mass generation at the PeV scale. Additionally, the possible production of primordial black holes during the phase transition is also studied.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zheng Li, Qiu-He Peng, Miao Kang, Xiang Liu, Ming Zhang, Yong-Feng Huang, Chih-Kang Chou
Summary: This study proposes the neutrino rocket model to explain the high speed and long-term evolution behaviors of pulsars. Neutrinos are emitted from superfluid vortex neutrons through the neutrino cyclotron radiation mechanism, and the unique characters of left-handed neutrinos and right-handed antineutrinos play a major role in spatial asymmetry.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pablo Candia, Giovanna Cottin, Andres Mendez, Victor Munoz
Summary: In this article, constraints for the RPV couplings involved in the production of long-lived light neutralinos from the decays of charged D-mesons and kaons are derived using atmospheric neutrino data from the Super-Kamiokande experiment. The results highlight the potential of neutrino detectors to search for long-lived particles, by exploring regions of parameter space that are not yet constrained by any fixed-target nor collider experiments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yunhao Fu, Tianjun Li, Longjie Ran, Zheng Sun
Summary: In gauge mediation models with multiple spurion fields breaking SUSY and the R-symmetry separately, it is shown that gaugino masses can be generated in one loop if the R-charge arrangement satisfies a certain condition. The resulting gaugino masses are calculated and suppressed by a power of the messenger's mass scale. Two simple examples are presented to demonstrate this possibility and discuss possible phenomenology implications.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mingxuan Du, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath
Summary: We propose an explanation for the new W mass measurement reported by the CDF collaboration, which deviates from the standard model expectation by about 7 standard deviations. By introducing a new neutral gauge boson in the Stueckelberg extended standard model, we alleviate the tensions in the electroweak sector caused by the new W mass measurement. We find that the extension increases the W boson mass when the mass of the new gauge boson is larger than that of the Z boson. Additionally, we show that there exists parameter space in the extended model consistent with the CDF mass anomaly as well as various observables at the Z pole and ATLAS dilepton limits. The Stueckelberg Z'(St) boson, which resolves the CDF W mass anomaly, can be searched for in future LHC experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Oleg Popov, Rahul Srivastava
Summary: In this letter, a Dirac neutrino mass model is presented to explain the CDF-II W boson mass anomaly. The model extends the standard model by introducing a hypercharge zero vector-like fermion triplet and amends symmetry with a global U(1)B-L broken by a hypercharge zero electroweak triplet. It is demonstrated that the model can successfully explain the CDF-II result and the origin of Dirac neutrino mass, while satisfying standard model and collider constraints.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Henry Diaz, E. Castillo-Ruiz, O. Pereyra Ravinez, V Pleitez
Summary: In this model, the interactions of left- and right-handed fermions are completely different, with no restoration of parity at high energies. However, at low energies, it appears that only left-handed interactions are dominant.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ryosuke Sato
Summary: SimpleBounce is a C++ package for false vacuum decay bounce solution based on a flow equation proposed by R. Sato. The bounce configuration is obtained through a scale transformation, and the bounce action can be calculated quickly and accurately for models with 1-8 scalar fields.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Hajime Fukuda, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: This study examines the phenomenon of charge teleportation between two spatially separated objects without exchanging charged particles, which is achieved through anomaly inflow and implies the presence of anomalous quantum mechanics. Despite charge violation in the anomalous theories living on these objects, the total charge between the two spatially separated objects remains conserved.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Yohei Ema, Filippo Sala, Ryosuke Sato
Summary: This study proposes a model of Dark Matter to explain the 511 keV photon emission from the Galactic Center, with potential for testing by various experiments and surveys.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: In this paper, we show how Goldstone bosons can reproduce anomalies of UV theories under the symmetry group G at the nonperturbative level through a general definition of Wess-Zumino-Witten terms. The hidden local symmetry (H) over cap, used to describe Goldstone bosons in the coset construction G/H, plays a crucial role and leads to generalized theta-angles of the hidden local gauge group (H) over cap. This concept is illustrated using SO(N-c) (or Spin(N-c)) QCD-like theories in four dimensions.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: The paper discusses a topological reason why global symmetries are not conserved in quantum gravity, particularly when originating from compactification of a higher form symmetry. This mechanism is purely topological and does not necessitate any explicit breaking term in the UV Lagrangian. It is noted that local current conservation does not imply global charge conservation in a sum over geometries in the path integral.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shun K. Kobayashi, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: The paper provides a simple derivation of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer (APS) index theorem and its generalization using the path integral of massless Dirac fermions. It shows that APS boundary conditions and their generalizations can be identified as physical state vectors in the Hilbert space of the massless fermion theory, with the APS eta-invariant representing the axial charge of the physical states.
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Chang-Tse Hsieh, Yuji Tachikawa, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: The focus of this study is on the gravitational and Green-Schwarz type anomalies of chiral and non-chiral p-form gauge fields. These anomalies naturally arise as boundary modes of higher-dimensional bulk topological phases. By computing the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer eta-invariant, we provide a systematic description of the total bulk-boundary system, analogous to the realization of a chiral fermion on the boundary of a massive fermion. The SL(2, Z) anomaly of the 4D Maxwell theory is determined using our formalism, and we also investigate the worldvolume theories of D-branes and M5-branes in different string, M, and F theories.
COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Kohei Fujikura, Yuichiro Nakai, Ryosuke Sato, Masaki Yamada
Summary: In this study, a supersymmetric Nelson-Barr mechanism is shown to naturally accommodate the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis within a CP-invariant Lagrangian. The model also addresses the strong CP problem and the baryon asymmetric Universe. Furthermore, it solves the electroweak naturalness problem and predicts the existence of dark matter, making it a compelling paradigm beyond the Standard Model.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yuichiro Nakai, Ryosuke Sato, Yoshihiro Shigekami
Summary: Electric dipole moments (EDMs) of elementary particles provide a powerful tool for exploring new physics with flavor-diagonal CP violation. This study focuses on the muon EDM and investigates the extent to which new physics with flavor-diagonal CP violation can explain the discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment. The results suggest that the proposed J-PARC experiment has the potential to cover most of the parameter space in a CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Yasunori Lee, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: In this paper, we study the gauge and gravitational anomalies of fermions and 2-form fields on eight-dimensional spin manifolds. By using spectral sequence techniques, we classify possible global gauge anomalies and identify their explicit generator manifolds. It is found that fermions in the adjoint representation of any simple Lie group and gravitinos in 8d N = 1 supergravity theory have anomalies. We also discuss how the anomalies of 2-form fields cancel against the fermion anomalies in certain supergravity theories, as well as how the gravitino anomalies are canceled by topological degrees of freedom in another class of theories.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cem Eroencel, Ryosuke Sato, Geraldine Servant, Philip Sorensen
Summary: The main mechanism responsible for Axion-Like-Particle (ALP) production in the early universe is the misalignment mechanism. This paper investigates three regimes of misalignment and presents a general model-independent analytical description of the kinetic fragmentation. It also calculates the parameter regions corresponding to different types of misalignment. The findings have implications for the determination of relic abundance and the formation of axion halos.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: We study the structure of anomalies in general heterotic string theories by considering general 2-dimensional N=(0,1) supersymmetric quantum field theories. The results show that perturbative anomalies correspond to the Witten index of SQFTs, while global anomalies correspond to a torsion version of the Witten index.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ryosuke Sato
Summary: In this paper, we discuss spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the quark bilinear condensate in large-Nc quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is shown that the existence of the eta' meson and the Ward-Takahashi identities imply the existence of Nambu-Goldstone bosons from chiral symmetry breaking SU(Nf)(L) x SU(Nf)(R) -> SU(Nf)(V). The paper also demonstrates that a QCD inequality implies a non-zero lower bound on the quark bilinear condensate.
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masaki Yamada, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: We discuss the formation of cosmic strings or macroscopic color flux tubes after the deconfinement/con-finement phase transition in the pure Yang-Mills theory. These cosmic strings, based on holographic dual descriptions, can be interpreted as F-strings or D-strings in the gravity side, depending on the structure of the gauge group. The reconnection probabilities of F- and D-strings are suppressed by factors of 1/N^2 and e^-cN, respectively, in the large-N limit. The formation of color flux tubes after the phase transition is similar to the formation of local cosmic strings after spontaneous symmetry breaking in the weak-U(1) gauge theory. We use a velocity-dependent one-scale model to describe the dynamics of the string network and calculate the gravitational wave signals from string loops, considering the dependence on the size of produced string loops.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masaki Yamada, Kazuya Yonekura
Summary: This study discusses the formation of cosmic strings or macroscopic color flux tubes in the phase transition from the deconfinement to confinement phase in pure Yang-Mills theory. The holographic dual descriptions suggest that the cosmic strings are related to fundamental strings or wrapped D-branes in gravity side, with reconnection probability being suppressed. The study shows that the pure YM theory provides a simple realization of cosmic F-and D-strings.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nelson R. F. Braga, Octavio C. Junqueira
Summary: This study investigates the influence of rotation on the transition temperature of strongly interacting matter produced in non-central heavy ion collisions. By using a holographic description of an AdS black hole, the authors extend the analysis to the more realistic case where the matter spreads over a region around the rotational axis. The results show the coexistence of confined and deconfined phases and are consistent with the concept of local temperature in rotating frames developed by Tolman and Ehrenfest.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bing Sun, Jiachen An, Zhoujian Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of gravitational constant variation on the propagation of gravitational waves. By employing two analytical methods, the study finds that variations in the gravitational constant result in amplitude and phase corrections for gravitational waves, and the time variation of the gravitational constant can be constrained through the propagation of gravitational waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abdellah Touati, Zaim Slimane
Summary: This letter presents the first study of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process within the framework of non-commutative gauge theory of gravity. The non-commutative Schwarzschild black hole is reconstructed using the Seiberg-Witten map and the star product. The emission spectrum of outgoing massless particles is computed using the quantum tunneling mechanism. The results reveal pure thermal radiation in the low-frequency scenario, but a deviation from pure thermal radiation in the high-frequency scenario due to energy conservation. It is also found that noncommutativity enhances the correlations between successively emitted particles.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shahar Hod
Summary: The travel times of light signals between two antipodal points on a compact star's surface are calculated for two different trajectories. It is shown that, for highly dense stars, the longer trajectory along the surface may have a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers. A critical value of the dimensionless density-area parameter is determined for constant density stars to distinguish cases where crossing through the star's center or following a semi-circular trajectory on the surface has a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers.
