Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jun-Qian Jiang, Yun-Song Piao
Summary: This study investigates the constraints on early dark energy (EDE) by combining the latest CMB dataset. The results show the existence of nonzero EDE fractions and larger Hubble constants. The inclusion of BAO + Pantheon data has minimal impact on the findings. The data significantly favors axionlike EDE over the standard ACDM model.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Paul Marconnet, Dimitrios Tsimpis
Summary: We study 4d Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmologies obtained from time-dependent compactifications of Type IIA 10d supergravity on various classes of 6d manifolds (Calabi-Yau, Einstein, Einstein-Kahler). The cosmologies we present are universal in that they do not depend on the detailed features of the compactification manifold, but only on the properties which are common to all the manifolds belonging to that class. Once the equations of motion are rewritten as an appropriate dynamical system, the existence of solutions featuring a phase of accelerated expansion is made manifest. The fixed points of this dynamical system, as well as the trajectories on the boundary of the phase space, correspond to analytic solutions which we determine explicitly. Furthermore, some of the resulting cosmologies exhibit eternal or semi-eternal acceleration, whereas others allow for a parametric control on the number of e-foldings. At future infinity, one can achieve both large volume and weak string coupling. Moreover, we find several smooth accelerating cosmologies without Big Bang singularities: the universe is contracting in the cosmological past (T < 0), expanding in the future (T > 0), while in the vicinity of T = 0 it becomes de Sitter in hyperbolic slicing. We also obtain several cosmologies featuring an infinite number of cycles of alternating periods of accelerated and decelerated expansions.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Max Brinkmann, Michele Cicoli, Giuseppe Dibitetto, Francisco G. Pedro
Summary: This study investigates the consistency of embedding quintessence models within gravity coupled to two scalar fields in string theory. The results show difficulties in finding trajectories compatible with cosmological parameters, but universal trajectories may be compatible if the starting point is a phase of kinetic domination. However, justifying the choice of initial conditions remains challenging.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hun Jang, Massimo Porrati
Summary: In this paper, a supergravity model of slow-roll inflation with the observable sector of the minimal supersymmetric standard model is constructed using a new D-term. The relationship between the D-term and the Hubble constant during inflation implies a universal relation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Michele Cicoli, Francesc Cunillera, Antonio Padilla, Francisco G. Pedro
Summary: This article provides evidence that slow roll is not possible in any parametrically controlled regime of the moduli space in string theory. Our results suggest that in order to incorporate quintessence into string theory, it is necessary to work in the interior of the moduli space where numerical control can still be achieved, even if not parametric control.
FORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK-PROGRESS OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Adolfo Guarino, Colin Sterckx
Summary: This work investigates holographic RG flows on the D3-brane for Type IIB S-folds, showing how anisotropic deformations of SYM4 in the UV are connected to S-fold CFT's in the IR with different amounts of supersymmetry and flavour symmetries. Additionally, examples of holographic RG flows between S-fold CFT's are presented, along with a geometric interpretation of axion deformations in terms of monodromies on the internal S-5 when moving around the S-1.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Gianguido Dall'Agata, Maxim Emelin, Fotis Farakos, Matteo Morittu
Summary: This study demonstrates that charged gravitini with parametrically small or vanishing Lagrangian mass in de Sitter vacua of extended supergravity cannot be consistent with the magnetic weak gravity conjecture. This implies that a significant portion of de Sitter solutions in gauged supergravity, including stable solutions of the N=2 theory, are in the swampland. The results suggest that (quasi) de Sitter scenarios with charged light gravitini should be considered part of the swampland, aligning with the festina lente bound.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Ralph Blumenhagen, Christian Kneissl, Chuying Wang
Summary: We analyze finite size solutions for a generalized D-dimensional Dudas-Mourad (DM) model featuring dynamical cobordism with neutral and charged end-of-the-world (ETW) defect branes. Confirming a dynamical version of the Cobordism Conjecture, we explicitly construct non-isotropic solutions for the latter codimension one branes and show the appearance of a lower bound d = 2v(D - 1)/(D - 2) for the critical exponent in the scaling behavior of the distance and the curvature close to the wall. This allows us to make a connection to the (sharpened) Swampland Distance Conjecture and the (Anti-) de Sitter Distance Conjecture. Moreover, BPS orientifold planes appear as special cases in our analysis and the whole picture is consistent with dimensional reduction from ten to D dimensions. An analogous analysis is performed for a generalized Blumenhagen-Font (BF) model featuring neutral codimension two ETW-branes where the same lower bound for the scaling parameter d arises.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
G. Dall'Agata, G. Inverso, D. Partipilo
Summary: In 5-dimensional maximally supersymmetric gauged supergravity, critical points with U(2) residual symmetry were identified through varying the embedding tensor instead of directly minimizing the scalar potential. Four new vacua with different gauge groups and cosmological constants were discovered, in addition to recovering all previously known vacua. The first example of a maximal supergravity model in D >= 4 having critical points with both positive and vanishing cosmological constant was provided, with the full mass spectrum computed for each vacuum.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergei Ketov, Ekaterina O. Pozdeevad, Sergey Yu. Vernovd
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of quantum corrections inspired by superstring theory on the Starobinsky inflation model by adding the Bel-Robinson tensor term. The derived physical bounds on the parameter reveal the constraints imposed by demanding the absence of ghosts and consistency with measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Arthur Hebecker, Sascha Leonhardt
Summary: The paper discusses the problem of metastable SUSY breaking in the landscape and the challenge of SUSY breaking in the AdS context. It proposes breaking SUSY using multi-cosine-shaped axion potentials and considers the potential for violating the non-SUSY AdS conjecture in the KKLT context and the type-IIA setting of DGKT.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fuminobu Takahashi, Wen Yin
Summary: The recent report emphasizes the presence of Hubble tension and explores the impact of various cosmological models on this issue. Some models may have a scalar spectral index greater than the predicted value by ACDM, and even allow for a scale-invariant scenario. Therefore, studying special early Universe models is crucial for understanding this unusual n(s).
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Adolfo Guarino, Minwoo Suh
Summary: We investigate supersymmetric flows in type IIB supergravity that preserve an SO(2, 2) space-time symmetry and asymptote to AdS(5)x S-5 at both endpoints. The flows are constructed as Janus-type Double-struck capital R x AdS(3) BPS domain-walls in the effective four-dimensional [SO(1, 1) x SO(6)] proportional to R-12 gauged maximal supergravity describing the massless sector of type IIB supergravity compactified on S-1 x S-5. The compactification includes an S-duality hyperbolic twist along the S-1 which, when combined with an appropriate choice of boundary conditions for the running scalars, generates special flows that develop an S-fold regime at their core, thus enhancing the space-time symmetry there to SO(2, 3). Via the AdS/CFT correspondence, the flows constructed here are conjectured to describe conformal interfaces in a circle compactification of N = 4 SYM4.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lina Wu, Yungui Gong, Tianjun Li
Summary: The study explores the formation of primordial black hole dark matter and the generation of scalar-induced secondary gravitational waves in generic no-scale supergravity inflationary models. Through the addition of an exponential term to the Kahler potential, ultra-slow-roll inflation is achieved, enhancing the amplitude of the primordial power spectrum at small scales. This leads to a wide mass range of PBHs and accompanying SIGWs with various frequencies.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shuntaro Aoki, Ryotaro Ishikawa, Sergei Ketov
Summary: We extend the Cecotti-Kallosh model of Starobinsky inflation in supergravity by adding a holomorphic function to the superpotential to generate a large peak in the power spectrum of scalar perturbations. The non-canonical kinetic terms are responsible for inflation while the superpotential generates PBH production. We find that efficient production of PBH consistent with CMB measurements is only possible in the case of a quadratic holomorphic function.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
S. James Gates, Daniel Lay, S-N Hazel Mak, Brock Peters, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Kory Stiffler, Zachary Wimpee, Xiao Xiao, Yifan Yuan, Jinjie Zhang, Peter Zhou
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2020)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Aleksander J. Cianciara, S. James Gates, Yangrui Hu, Renee Kirk
Summary: The weight space for 4D, N-extended supersymmetrical representations is conjectured to be embedded within the permutahedra associated with permutation groups. Evidence supporting this conjecture is provided by Adinkras and Coxeter Groups associated with minimal representations of 4D, N = 1 supersymmetry. The observation suggests a new approach to solving the off-shell SUSY auxiliary field problem based on IT algorithms probing the properties of permutation groups.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergei V. Ketov
Summary: This study reviews the models that unify inflation and Primordial Black Hole (PBH) formation based on modified supergravity, including single-field and two-field models. It shows that the two-field models, driven by Starobinsky's scalaron, lead to an enhancement in the scalar power spectrum in the ultra-slow-roll regime, which efficiently produces PBH in agreement with cosmological observations.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
I. L. Buchbinder, S. James Gates, K. Koutrolikos
Summary: This paper introduces a first-order description of linearized non-minimal supergravity in superspace, using an unconstrained prepotential superfield. By integrating out the connection-like auxiliary superfield, the superspace action is expressed in terms of a single superfield combining the prepotential and compensator superfields. The constructed supersymmetric cubic interaction vertex describes the electromagnetic interaction between non-minimal supergravity multiplets and a vector multiplet, showing a dependence on the vector multiplet superfield strength.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
S. James Gates, Yangrui Hu, S. -N. Hazel Mak
Summary: The paper presents a new 1D, N = 4 supersymmetrical system model with unique features compared to other 1D supersymmetric models, while also proposing conjectures on duality and possible mirror symmetry realizations within these models.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ryotaro Ishikawa, Sergei Ketov
Summary: This study examines the parameter space of cosmological inflation and primordial black hole formation in modified supergravity models. The research finds that in these models, primordial black holes can account for a significant part or all of dark matter, but fine-tuning of parameters is necessary to achieve agreement with the observed value of the scalar tilt.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ioseph Lvovich Buchbinder, Sylvester James Gates, Konstantinos Koutrolikos
Summary: This article discusses the superspace BRST and BV description of 4D, N = 1 super-Maxwell theory and its non-abelian generalization Super Yang-Mills. By fermionizing the superspace gauge transformation of the gauge superfields, the nilpotent superspace BRST symmetry transformation is defined. The BV-BRST nilpotent differential operator is constructed using an appropriate set of anti-superfields and the superspace antibracket, expressed in terms of superspace covariant derivatives. The anti-superfield independent terms of the operator provide a superspace generalization of the Koszul-Tate resolution.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
S. James Gates, Yangrui Hu, S-N Hazel Mak
Summary: This paper is an extension of our previous research on 1D, N = 4 supersymmetric SYK, where we introduce the complex linear supermultiplet (CLS) as an alternative to the chiral supermultiplet. Three types of models based on the CLS are constructed, including quartic interactions from modified CLS kinetic term, quartic interactions from 3-pt vertices integrated over the whole super-space, and 2(q - 1)-pt interactions generated via superpotentials. Strong evidence for the necessity of dynamical bosons in 1D, N = 4 SYK is also presented.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Devin D. Bristow, John H. Caporaletti, Aleksander J. Cianciara, S. James Gates, Delina Levine, Gabriel Yerger
Summary: The study investigates the combination of off-shell 4D, N = infinity supermultiplets to form off-shell 4D, N = is an element of supermultiplets. By studying S-8 permutations and Height Yielding Matrix Numbers (HYMN), the combinations of off-shell 4D, N = 1 supermultiplets that correspond to off-shell 4D, N = 2 supermultiplets are accurately identified. Only the combinations of chiral + vector and chiral + tensor belong to the same class, consistent with the well-known structure of 4D, N = 2 supermultiplets.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergei Ketov
Summary: A novel gravitational theory, inspired by string theory, is proposed in four spacetime dimensions. This theory combines the modified (R+alpha R-2) gravity motivated by the Starobinsky inflation with the Bel-Robinson-tensor-squared correction from superstrings/M-theory compactified down to four dimensions. The origin of this theory from higher dimensions is also revealed. The proposed theory, called the Starobinsky-Bel-Robinson action, has only two free parameters, making it suitable for verifiable applications in black hole physics, cosmological inflation, and Hawking radiation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shuntaro Aoki, Ryotaro Ishikawa, Sergei Ketov
Summary: We extend the Cecotti-Kallosh model of Starobinsky inflation in supergravity by adding a holomorphic function to the superpotential to generate a large peak in the power spectrum of scalar perturbations. The non-canonical kinetic terms are responsible for inflation while the superpotential generates PBH production. We find that efficient production of PBH consistent with CMB measurements is only possible in the case of a quadratic holomorphic function.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergei Ketov, Ekaterina O. Pozdeevad, Sergey Yu. Vernovd
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of quantum corrections inspired by superstring theory on the Starobinsky inflation model by adding the Bel-Robinson tensor term. The derived physical bounds on the parameter reveal the constraints imposed by demanding the absence of ghosts and consistency with measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Daniel Frolovsky, Sergei Ketov, Sultan Saburov
Summary: In this paper, the researchers adapted the Appleby-Battye-Starobinsky model to study the double cosmological inflation and formation of primordial black holes. They found that the power spectrum of scalar curvature perturbations can be enhanced, allowing the resulting primordial black holes to survive in the present universe.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
S. James Gates, Yangrui Hu, S-N Hazel Mak
Summary: The Adynkra Libraries are introduced for exploration of embedding multiplets of component fields in Salam-Strathdee superfields for theories in dimensions nine through four.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Anirudh Gundhi, Sergei Ketov, Christian F. Steinwachs
Summary: The study investigates the production of primordial black holes in a dilaton two-field extension of Starobinsky's quadratic f(R) model, which features a multi-field amplification mechanism leading to a sharp peak in the inflationary power spectrum at small wavelengths. This mechanism is significantly different from single-field models and successfully explains the observed cold dark matter content in the Universe through the formation of primordial black holes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nelson R. F. Braga, Octavio C. Junqueira
Summary: This study investigates the influence of rotation on the transition temperature of strongly interacting matter produced in non-central heavy ion collisions. By using a holographic description of an AdS black hole, the authors extend the analysis to the more realistic case where the matter spreads over a region around the rotational axis. The results show the coexistence of confined and deconfined phases and are consistent with the concept of local temperature in rotating frames developed by Tolman and Ehrenfest.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bing Sun, Jiachen An, Zhoujian Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of gravitational constant variation on the propagation of gravitational waves. By employing two analytical methods, the study finds that variations in the gravitational constant result in amplitude and phase corrections for gravitational waves, and the time variation of the gravitational constant can be constrained through the propagation of gravitational waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abdellah Touati, Zaim Slimane
Summary: This letter presents the first study of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process within the framework of non-commutative gauge theory of gravity. The non-commutative Schwarzschild black hole is reconstructed using the Seiberg-Witten map and the star product. The emission spectrum of outgoing massless particles is computed using the quantum tunneling mechanism. The results reveal pure thermal radiation in the low-frequency scenario, but a deviation from pure thermal radiation in the high-frequency scenario due to energy conservation. It is also found that noncommutativity enhances the correlations between successively emitted particles.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shahar Hod
Summary: The travel times of light signals between two antipodal points on a compact star's surface are calculated for two different trajectories. It is shown that, for highly dense stars, the longer trajectory along the surface may have a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers. A critical value of the dimensionless density-area parameter is determined for constant density stars to distinguish cases where crossing through the star's center or following a semi-circular trajectory on the surface has a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers.
