Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ying Tang
Summary: The study shows that in driven quantum systems, the free energy change can be amplified by adding a magnetic field, and this quantum effect is reflected in an extended free energy equality, supporting the extraction of additional free energy from the magnetic field.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
P. -C. G. Vassiliou
Summary: This study focuses on Non-Homogeneous Markov Set Systems processes with parameters in intervals. It is proven that under certain conditions, the expected population structure set is compact and convex. Additionally, it is established that with different initial distributions, the expected relative population structures of NHMSS coincide geometrically fast under certain conditions.
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Kazuki Yamaga
Summary: This paper considers the non-equilibrium steady state induced by two infinitely extended quantum thermal reservoirs at different inverse temperatures, and derives a work relation as well as an upper bound on work density in one-dimensional quantum lattice systems. The second law of thermodynamics is reproduced in the equilibrium limit. The physical interpretation of this upper bound is discussed using a free fermion system as an example.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Marcela Herrera, John P. S. Peterson, Roberto M. Serra, Irene D'Amico
Summary: The method proposed in this study combines theoretical and experimental efforts to investigate energy fluctuations in many-body quantum systems driven out of equilibrium. By using simple measurements and numerical optimizations, transition probabilities can be obtained and experimentally verified in a two-spin system setup. The detailed fluctuation theorem can be validated through recovering transition probabilities using local measures.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Nancy Solis Garcia, Jose Guadalupe Flores Muniz, Viacheslav Kalashnikov, Nataliya Kalashnykova, Olga Kosheleva
Summary: According to economics, prices are determined by the relationship between supply and demand, and in most cases, prices are uniquely determined by the equilibrium between supply and demand. However, there are situations where the equilibrium is not unique.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amro Dodin, Adam P. Willard
Summary: A nonequilibrium response theory was developed for macroscopic quantum systems to separate ensemble heterogeneity and intrinsic quantum uncertainty contributions. This approach utilizes a quantum P-ensemble to describe classical heterogeneity between individual quantum systems in an ensemble. The P-ensemble formalism allows for quantum generalizations of linear response theory and the Jarzynski nonequilibrium work relation, providing guidance for effective application in single molecule experiments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Business
Vienne W. Lau, Veronica L. Scott, Meg A. Warren, Michelle C. Bligh
Summary: Despite extensive research on gender inequality in the workplace, progress towards gender equality in practice has stagnated. This may be due to a focus on the causes and manifestations of gender inequality, while neglecting practical solutions to improve gender equality and women's experiences at work. Less than 5% of relevant studies in management, psychology, and diversity journals identify interventions for solving gender inequality in organizations. The authors argue for a paradigm shift towards solutions and present an integrative review of interventions from the past two decades, providing an overview of future research directions to advance workplace gender equality.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Souichi Sakamoto, Yoshitaka Tanimura
Summary: The study numerically evaluates the work characteristic function using hierarchical equations of motion, exploring a method for extending the Jarzynski equality to the fully quantum regime. Results show that the definition based on the partition function yields a result inconsistent with the Jarzynski equality, while the path-based definition approximates the Jarzynski equality, but may not be consistent with it.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shoki Koyanagi, Yoshitaka Tanimura
Summary: This study investigates the thermal properties of different processes using quasi-equilibrium Helmholtz energy, providing a theoretical basis for exploring thermodynamic-related work using a system-bath model and the hierarchical equations of motion approach.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francois Gay-Balmaz, Hiroaki Yoshimura
Summary: This paper presents a systematic approach to modelling in non-equilibrium thermodynamics by introducing the notion of interconnections and extending the variational principle in mechanics. It demonstrates how a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system can be seen as an interconnected system of primitive physical elements or subsystems. This approach offers a promising direction for developing a unified description in various scientific areas.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wolfgang Muschik
Summary: This paper discusses the tools of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of closed discrete systems, including the non-equilibrium state space, non-equilibrium entropy, and its connection with entropy production. It also provides an explanation for the successful application of thermostatic temperature in thermal engineering even in cases of non-equilibrium.
JOURNAL OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bara Kim, Jeongsim Kim, Ole Bueker
Summary: The study focuses on a non-preemptive priority M/M/m queue with two customer classes and multiple vacations, deriving the vector probability generating function for the stationary distribution of the number of customers in the queue for each class. Exact expressions for the first two moments of the number of customers in the queue for each class are obtained. Additionally, an equilibrium strategy for customers and the optimal priority fee associated with social cost minimization in an unobservable M/M/m queue with two priority classes and multiple vacations are investigated as an application.
COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Marios Kokkodis
Summary: Reputation systems in digital workplaces increase transaction efficiency by building trust and reducing information asymmetry, but they do not yet fully capture the dynamic multidimensional nature of online work.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Marina A. Ferreira, Jani Lukkarinen, Alessia Nota, Juan J. L. Velazquez
Summary: In this study, the multicomponent Smoluchowski coagulation equation under non-equilibrium conditions is considered, where stationary non-equilibrium solutions are found to have a universal localization property. Specifically, the solutions asymptotically localize into a direction determined by the source or flux constraint as the cluster size increases. The assumptions on the coagulation kernel are quite general with isotropic power law bounds, and the proof relies on measure concentration estimates and control of asymptotic scaling of the solutions.
COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kirsten Engbring, Dima Boriskovsky, Yael Roichman, Benjamin Lindner
Summary: In this work, a nonlinear generalized FDR (NL FDR) is proposed as a test for the Markovianity of nonequilibrium systems. Compared to previous linear response-based FDRs, NL FDR has better applicability for strong perturbations and non-equilibrium systems, requiring less data for verification. Through experimental and theoretical model tests, it is found that NL FDR can be used to measure the Markovianity of a system.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tinggui Chen, Baizhan Xia, Dejie Yu, Chuanxing Bi
Summary: This study proposes a gradient phononic crystal structure for enhanced acoustic sensing. By breaking the symmetry of the PC structure, topologically protected edge states are introduced, resulting in topological acoustic rainbow trapping. The robustness and enhancement properties are verified numerically and experimentally.
