Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
William G. Newton, Rebecca Preston, Lauren Balliet, Michael Ross
Summary: In this study, for the first time, Bayesian inference is used to investigate the properties of neutron star crust, incorporating neutron skin data and predictions of pure neutron matter. The results provide the most stringent constraints to date on the transition pressure, chemical potential, proton fractions, and properties of non-spherical nuclei layers in the crust.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
O. Lourenco, T. Frederico, M. Dutra
Summary: In this study, a relativistic mean-field hadronic model with the inclusion of dark matter particle and short-range correlations is used to investigate neutron stars. The model successfully reproduces the constraints on mass-radius diagram imposed by various data analyses, and shows the possibility of more massive neutron stars due to the balancing effect of short-range correlations. Additionally, the study explores the impact of uncertainties in bulk parameters related to the hadronic sector on the neutron star mass-radius profiles, and finds compatible solutions with recent astrophysical constraints.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Isaac Vidana
Summary: The study reviews the properties of neutron matter in the low-density regime, including ground state energy and superfluid neutron pairing gap, analyzing their evolution from weak to strong coupling. Different theoretical approaches are used to calculate energy and pairing gap, with results showing similarities to a Fermi gas at the unitary limit in low-density neutron matter.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Azar Tafrihi
Summary: The state-and operator-dependent nucleon-nucleon correlations of hot asymmetric nucleonic matter (ASM) were studied in the lowest order constrained variational (LOCV) framework. It was observed that the p-n pairs in specific channels become more non-centrally correlated at low temperatures, proton to neutron ratios, and densities. The choice of non-central correlation in the channels plays an important role in the energy of ASM.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Bao-Jun Cai, Bao-An Li
Summary: Research has made progress in constraining the characteristics of the SNM EOS and symmetry energy, but parameters characterizing their high-density behaviors remain poorly known. Most attention has been focused on constraining the characteristics of the SNM EOS and symmetry energy separately.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marie Cassing, Alexander Brisebois, Muhammad Azeem, Juergen Schaffner-Bielich
Summary: The generic properties of compact objects made of two different fluids of dark matter are studied. Compact objects with a core-shell structure and mixed dark matter components are investigated. The results show novel features in the mass-radius relations for combined dark matter compact objects, distinguishing them from compact objects with a single dark matter fluid and compact stars made of ordinary baryonic matter.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christoph Adam, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: This article presents a general review of the crystalline solutions of the generalized Skyrme model and their applications in the study of cold nuclear matter at finite density and the Equation of State (EOS) of neutron stars. It is shown that the ground state of the Skyrme model on the three torus corresponds to configurations with different symmetries, and phase transitions between these configurations occur. The effects of nonzero finite isospin asymmetry and strange degrees of freedom are also explored, and an approximate EOS of dense matter is constructed by fitting the free parameters of the model to relevant nuclear observables close to saturation density.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Eemeli Annala, Tyler Gorda, Evangelia Katerini, Aleksi Kurkela, Joonas Nattila, Vasileios Paschalidis, Aleksi Vuorinen
Summary: Recent progress in neutron-star observations has the potential to greatly enhance our knowledge of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. By analyzing a large ensemble of randomly generated equations of state and corresponding stellar structures, this study aims to exploit current observational data and investigate the impact of future observations on neutron star properties. The study discusses the compatibility and impact of various hypotheses and measurements, and provides important constraints and insights on the equation of state, tidal deformabilities, and maximum mass of neutron stars.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xueling Mu, Xia Zhou, Guansheng He
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of the saturation properties of nuclear matter on the mass of massive neutron stars and attempts to constrain the saturation properties of nuclear matter using SU(6) symmetry. The study concludes that it is difficult to obtain a stiff enough equation of state within the range of empirical values of saturation properties of nuclear matter to support the maximum mass of a neutron star up to 2.0 solar masses.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Daniel A. Godzieba, David Radice, Sebastiano Bernuzzi
Summary: Motivated by the recent discovery of a compact object in the binary merger GW190814, this study revisits the question of the maximum mass of neutron stars. By using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, the researchers generated millions of equations of state to infer upper bounds on the maximum neutron star mass. The study shows that these upper bounds are only dependent on relativity and causality, and not influenced by nuclear physics uncertainties, offering constraints on the equation of state of dense matter. The implications for GW190814 are also discussed.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Luiz L. Lopes, Debora P. Menezes
Summary: This work presents an extensive study on the nature of the mass-gap object in the GW190814 event, investigating various possibilities including hadronic matter, quark matter, and hybrid matter. The research results suggest that the object can be any of the three possibilities depending on the parameters, with varying probabilities.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ingo Tews, Peter T. H. Pang, Tim Dietrich, Michael W. Coughlin, Sarah Antier, Mattia Bulla, Jack Heinzel, Lina Issa
Summary: The observation suggests that the compact object has a mass of 2.50-2.67M99.9%, and even with relaxed constraints on the maximum mass of neutron stars, the probability of a binary black hole origin remains around 81%. Analysis of the allowed region in the mass-radius diagram for neutron stars indicates that the scenario with a neutron star as the secondary object would require a rather stiff equation of state.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Hao Lu, Zhongzhou Ren, Dong Bai
Summary: This study focuses on the importance of nucleon-nucleon pairs in neutron star matter, proposing density-dependent nucleon momentum distributions with isospin-asymmetry scaling parameter. The analysis shows that nucleon-nucleon pairs, combined with neutron-proton pairs, could stiffen the equation of state of neutron star matter and increase the maximum mass of neutron stars significantly. This work may provide a new perspective on confronting the upper limit on the maximum mass of neutron stars.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Soonchul Choi, Tsuyoshi Miyatsu, Myung-Ki Cheoun, Koichi Saito
Summary: By considering terrestrial experiments and recent astrophysical observations, constraints are imposed on the equation of state for isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter. The softness of the nuclear EoS due to the existence of hyperons in the core plays an important role in restricting physical quantities and the curvature parameter of nuclear symmetry energy can be limited through nuclear and astrophysical calculations.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Omar Benhar, Alessandro Lovato, Lucas Tonetto
Summary: A recently developed theoretical model based on a phenomenological nuclear Hamiltonian is discussed to quantitatively describe the equilibrium and dynamical properties of hot nuclear matter. The model provides important insights for interpreting astrophysical data and gaining information on the post-merger phase of neutron star coalescence. The potential of the model for describing dissipative processes leading to bulk viscosity in neutron star matter is also outlined.
Letter
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Paolo Recchia, Alejandro Kievsky, Luca Girlanda, Mario Gattobigio
Summary: The Efimov window is a specific energy region where few-body systems are loosely bound. Simple potential models characterized by few parameters can be used to describe the dynamical properties of these systems, and the potential strength can be varied to explore the window. The Gaussian potential has been commonly used to represent the universal window. The gaussian-level function is a potential-independent function that contains finite-range corrections and plays a vital role in comparing theoretical predictions with experimental data.
Correction
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alejandro Kievsky, Luca Girlanda
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alejandro Kievsky, Luca Girlanda
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
A. Apponi, M. G. Betti, M. Borghesi, N. Canci, G. Cavoto, C. Chang, W. Chung, A. G. Cocco, A. P. Colijn, N. D'Ambrosio, N. de Groot, M. Faverzani, A. Ferella, E. Ferri, L. Ficcadenti, S. Gariazzo, F. Gatti, C. Gentile, A. Giachero, Y. Hochberg, Y. Kahn, A. Kievsky, M. Lisanti, G. Mangano, L. E. Marcucci, C. Mariani, M. Messina, E. Monticone, A. Nucciotti, D. Orlandi, F. Pandolfi, S. Parlati, C. Perez de los Heros, O. Pisanti, A. D. Polosa, A. Puiu, I Rago, Y. Raitses, M. Rajteri, N. Rossi, K. Rozwadowska, A. Ruocco, C. F. Strid, A. Tan, C. G. Tully, M. Viviani, U. Zeitler, F. Zhao
Summary: The paper presents the implementation and optimization methods of the PTOLEMY transverse drift filter for precise analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. Simulation results show that low-energy electrons with an initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV can be drained to < 10 eV using a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field under low field operation conditions.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. Abrams, H. Albataineh, B. S. Aljawrneh, S. Alsalmi, D. Androic, K. Aniol, W. Armstrong, J. Arrington, H. Atac, T. Averett, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, X. Bai, J. Bane, S. Barcus, A. Beck, V Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, D. Blyth, W. Boeglin, D. Bulumulla, J. Butler, A. Camsonne, M. Carmignotto, J. Castellanos, J-P Chen, E. O. Cohen, S. Covrig, K. Craycraft, R. Cruz-Torres, B. Dongwi, B. Duran, D. Dutta, E. Fuchey, C. Gal, T. N. Gautam, S. Gilad, K. Gnanvo, T. Gogami, J. Gomez, C. Gu, A. Habarakada, T. Hague, J-O Hansen, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, D. W. Higinbotham, R. J. Holt, E. W. Hughes, C. Hyde, H. Ibrahim, S. Jian, S. Joosten, A. Karki, B. Karki, A. T. Katramatou, C. Keith, C. Keppel, M. Khachatryan, V Khachatryan, A. Khanal, A. Kievsky, D. King, P. M. King, I Korover, S. A. Kulagin, K. S. Kumar, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, W. Li, H. Liu, S. Liuti, N. Liyanage, P. Markowitz, R. E. McClellan, D. Meekins, S. Mey-Tal Beck, Z-E Meziani, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, V Nelyubin, D. Nguyen, Nuruzzaman, M. Nycz, R. Obrecht, M. Olson, V. F. Owen, E. Pace, B. Pandey, V Pandey, M. Paolone, A. Papadopoulou, S. Park, S. Paul, G. G. Petratos, R. Petti, E. Piasetzky, R. Pomatsalyuk, S. Premathilake, A. J. R. Puckett, V Punjabi, R. D. Ransome, M. N. H. Rashad, P. E. Reimer, S. Riordan, J. Roche, G. Salme, N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Scopetta, A. Schmidt, B. Schmookler, J. Segal, E. P. Segarra, A. Shahinyan, S. Sirca, N. Sparveris, T. Su, R. Suleiman, H. Szumila-Vance, A. S. Tadepalli, L. Tang, W. Tireman, F. Tortorici, G. M. Urciuoli, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. Wood, Z. H. Ye, Z. Y. Ye, J. Zhang
Summary: The MARATHON experiment determines the ratio of the nucleon F-2 structure functions, F-2(n)/F-2(p), through measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from H-3 and He-3 nuclei. The experiment achieves significant improvements compared to previous measurements and compares the results to theoretical calculations and empirical determinations of the ratio.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Biographical-Item
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Fantoni, Alejandro Kievsky, Laura E. Marcucci, Michele Viviani
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ingo Tews, Zohreh Davoudi, Andreas Ekstrom, Jason D. Holt, Kevin Becker, Raul Briceno, David J. Dean, William Detmold, Christian Drischler, Thomas Duguet, Evgeny Epelbaum, Ashot Gasparyan, Jambul Gegelia, Jeremy R. Green, Harald W. Griesshammer, Andrew D. Hanlon, Matthias Heinz, Heiko Hergert, Martin Hoferichter, Marc Illa, David Kekejian, Alejandro Kievsky, Sebastian Konig, Hermann Krebs, Kristina D. Launey, Dean Lee, Petr Navratil, Amy Nicholson, Assumpta Parreno, Daniel R. Phillips, Marek Ploszajczak, Xiu-Lei Ren, Thomas R. Richardson, Caroline Robin, Grigor H. Sargsyan, Martin J. Savage, Matthias R. Schindler, Phiala E. Shanahan, Roxanne P. Springer, Alexander Tichai, Ubirajara van Kolck, Michael L. Wagman, Andre Walker-Loud, Chieh-Jen Yang, Xilin Zhang
Summary: This is a collection of perspective pieces contributed by researchers in the field of low-energy nuclear physics, discussing the current status and challenges of theoretical research in this field, as well as new ideas and strategies in nuclear structure, reaction physics, effective field theory, lattice QCD, quantum information, and quantum computing.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Viviani, L. Girlanda, A. Kievsky, D. Logoteta
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the processes d(d, p)3H and d(d, n)3He, which are relevant for energy production and big-bang nucleosynthesis. They use the ab initio hyperspherical harmonics method to accurately solve the four-body scattering problem. By varying the cutoff parameter, they estimate the theoretical uncertainty for various observables including the astrophysical S factor and quintet suppression factor.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Filandri, L. Girlanda
Summary: A complete set of relativistic nucleon-nucleon contact operators conserving parity and time-reversal has been identified. The corresponding non-relativistic operators contributing in the general reference frame have also been determined. The results indicate the existence of two free low-energy constants that parametrize an interaction dependent on the total nucleon pair momentum P, which is crucial in resolving the long-standing Ay problem in low-energy p-d scattering. Additionally, all remaining P-dependent interactions at the same order are uniquely determined as relativistic corrections.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
L. Girlanda, E. Filandri, A. Kievsky, L. E. Marcucci, M. Viviani
Summary: A unitary transformation is used to eliminate redundant terms in the 2N contact interaction at N3LO in Chiral Effective Field Theory. This results in a 3N interaction, with its short-range component expressed in terms of five combinations of low-energy constants (LECs) that parameterize the N3LO 2N contact Lagrangian. By considering this interaction in conjunction with the AV18 2N potential, accurate fitting of low-energy p-d scattering polarization observables, particularly the A_y asymmetry, is achieved using the involved LECs. The resulting interaction is of the correct magnitude for an N3LO contribution.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Isaac Vidana, Domenico Logoteta, Ignazio Bombaci
Summary: We investigated the influence of chiral nuclear forces on the propagation of neutrinos in hot neutron matter. Our results showed that the dynamical structure factor and the neutrino mean free path depended on the cutoff only at leading order (LO) and next-to-leading order (NLO), but this dependence became strongly reduced at higher orders due to the contribution of three-nucleon forces. The uncertainty associated with our calculation of the neutrino mean free path was estimated and found to vary with density.
Article
Optics
P. Recchia, A. Kievsky, L. Girlanda, M. Gattobigio
Summary: We study bosonic systems with a shallow bound state or a large two-body scattering length. Using effective field theory, we construct a series of potential terms that decrease in importance for the binding energy. The leading-order potential terms consist of a two-body term, usually attractive, and a three-body term, usually repulsive, to prevent system collapse. We investigate the cutoff's role in the leading-order description and extend the exploration to the next-to-leading-order terms. We introduce three-body forces based on the stability requirement of the N-body system and parametrize the potential to describe the energy of 4He clusters accurately. Finally, we explore the possibility of describing the atom-dimer scattering length simultaneously.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. Viviani, E. Filandri, L. Girlanda, C. Gustavino, A. Kievsky, L. E. Marcucci, R. Schiavilla
Summary: This study investigates e(+)-e(-) pair production in the four-nucleon system using a state-of-the-art approach derived from chiral effective field theory (chi EFT). The impact of exchanging a hypothetical low-mass boson on the cross section is examined, considering various possibilities. The calculations utilize exact hyperspherical-harmonics methods and provide an overview of potential future experiments in this field.
