Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 112, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.196103
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Funding
- European Union through the Graphene Flagship [604391]
- ERC-carbonNEMS project
- Marie Curie Grant [271938]
- Spanish state [MAT2012-31338]
- Catalan government (AGAUR)
- Junta de de Andaluc a Group PAI-205 [FQM-5987]
- MICINN (Spain) [FIS2010-18356, FIS2011-25275]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2009SGR-1003]
- Catalan government (SGR)
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We study monolayers of noble gas atoms (Xe, Kr, Ar, and Ne) deposited on individual ultraclean suspended nanotubes. For this, we record the resonance frequency of the mechanical motion of the nanotube, since it provides a direct measure of the coverage. The latter is the number of adsorbed atoms divided by the number of the carbon atoms of the suspended nanotube. Monolayers form when the temperature is lowered in a constant pressure of noble gas atoms. The coverage of Xe monolayers remains constant at 1/6 over a large temperature range. This finding reveals that Xe monolayers are solid phases with a triangular atomic arrangement, and are commensurate with the underlying carbon nanotube. By comparing our measurements to theoretical calculations, we identify the phases of Ar and Ne monolayers as fluids, and we tentatively describe Kr monolayers as solid phases. These results underscore that mechanical resonators made from single nanotubes are excellent probes for surface science.
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