Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Manu Kurian
Summary: In this paper, the thermoelectric behavior of quark-gluon plasma within the framework of effective kinetic theory was studied. A quasiparticle model was utilized to incorporate thermal medium effects, quantifying the thermoelectric response in terms of Seebeck and Nernst coefficients. The study found that the thermoelectric response of a hot QCD medium is most prominent at low temperatures close to the transition temperature.
Article
Engineering, Geological
S. Kjelstrup, S. A. Ghoreishian Amiri, B. Loranger, H. Gao, G. Grimstad
Summary: This paper uses non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the transport of sub-cooled water across a partially frozen soil matrix caused by a temperature difference. A set of coupled transport equations of heat and mass is presented, along with the prediction of the maximum frost heave pressure. The definition and experimental determination of the transport coefficients are extensively discussed, leading to reasonable agreement with numerical and experimental results.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Iubini, Antonio Politi, Paolo Politi
Summary: We study the nonequilibrium steady states in a one-dimensional stochastic model that approximates the discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation. This model exhibits a normal phase and a condensed phase with a macroscopic fraction of energy localized on a single lattice site. Under external reservoirs, the system shows coupled transport and the Onsager coefficients satisfy an exact scaling relationship. We also find paths that partially enter the condensed region near the critical line due to the Joule effect.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sylvie Hebert, Tristan Barbier, David Berthebaud, Oleg Lebedev, Valerie Pralong, Antoine Maignan
Summary: A Co9S8 dense ceramic sintered by spark plasma sintering was characterized and studied for its magnetic, electronic, and thermal transport properties. The material exhibits antiferromagnetic behavior, metallic conductivity, relatively high thermal conductivity, and a moderate thermoelectric power factor. The complex structure of Co9S8, with two different types of CoSn polyhedra, plays a crucial role in its properties.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhilei Xu, Guoqiang Gao, Wenfu Wei, Zefeng Yang, Wenhan Xie, Keliang Dong, Yaguang Ma, Yan Yang, Guangning Wu
Summary: Pantograph-catenary arc motion characteristics are significantly different under low air pressure and strong airflow, with different traction mechanisms at different stages of arc development. Arc duration is longer and electrode ablation more serious under low air pressure, while airflow velocity increase results in greater arc column drift speed and height. Irregular arc motion phenomena like arc root jumping and arc reignition are observed, and a magnetohydrodynamics model is used to study the influence of arc temperature and voltage, providing theoretical support for arc protection in high-altitude areas.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anton Kapustin, Lev Spodyneiko
Summary: The study explores tensorial transport coefficients of thermoelectric phenomena and derives a version of Kubo formulas for lattice systems that is free from ambiguities. It identifies a class of lattice systems where additional terms vanish and suggests interpreting skew-symmetric components as relative quantities to eliminate ambiguities.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baohai Jia, Yi Huang, Yan Wang, Yeshiyuan Zhou, Xiaodie Zhao, Suiting Ning, Xiao Xu, Peijian Lin, Zhiquan Chen, Binbin Jiang, Jiaqing He
Summary: Controlling vacancies in thermoelectric materials improves performance and stability.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Si-Zhao Huang, Cheng-Ge Fang, Qing-Yi Feng, Bi-Yi Wang, Hong-Dong Yang, Bo Li, Xia Xiang, Xiao-Tao Zu, Hong-Xiang Deng
Summary: This study systematically explores the thermoelectric performance of the Janus ZrSSe monolayer under biaxial strain using first-principles approach and Boltzmann transport theory. The results demonstrate that the Janus ZrSSe monolayer has excellent stability and can be tuned by strain. The electronic structure and thermoelectric transport parameters can be significantly adjusted by biaxial strain. Under certain tensile strain, the monolayer exhibits high power factor and ZT values, making it a promising strain-tunable thermoelectric material.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Peter Lowdon, Ralf-Arno Tripolt, Jan M. Pawlowski, Dirk H. Rischke
Summary: In this work, we derive a spectral representation for the shear viscosity arising from the thermal asymptotic states, eta(0), using nonperturbative constraints in local scalar quantum field theories at finite temperature. As an example, we calculate eta(0) in the phi(4) theory and establish its leading behavior in the small and large coupling regimes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenhao Zhang, Jean-Francois Halet, Takao Mori
Summary: The modification of orbital interactions can optimize the electronic band structure and improve the thermoelectric efficiency of materials. A method based on a symmetry-adapted tight-binding model and sensitivity analysis is introduced to determine the role of orbital interactions in electronic band structure and transport properties. The theoretical analysis on PbTe demonstrates the potential to improve the power factor by manipulating interatomic orbital interactions.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongcai Yue, Yinchang Zhao, Jun Ni, Sheng Meng, Zhenhong Dai
Summary: In this study, the thermal transport and thermoelectric properties of the full-Heusler compound Na2TlSb were investigated using first-principles calculations, self-consistent phonon theory, and Boltzmann transport equations. It was found that the strong quartic anharmonicity and temperature dependence of the Tl atom with rattling behavior were important for the lattice stability of Na2TlSb. The soft Tl-Sb bonding and resonant bonding in the pseudocage composed of the Na and Sb atoms were responsible for the ultralow kappa(L). Additionally, the multi-valley band structure resulted in a high power factor in p-type Na2TlSb. The coexistence of ultralow kappa(L) and high power factor suggests that Na2TlSb is a potential candidate for thermoelectric applications. Furthermore, these findings contribute to understanding the origin of ultralow kappa(L) in full-Heusler compounds and aid in the rational design of materials with high thermoelectric performance.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shu-Jen Wang, Michel Panhans, Ilia Lashkov, Hans Kleemann, Federico Caglieris, David Becker-Koch, Joern Vahland, Erjuan Guo, Shiyu Huang, Yulia Krupskaya, Yana Vaynzof, Bernd Buechner, Frank Ortmann, Karl Leo
Summary: The charge and thermoelectric transport in modulation-doped large-area rubrene thin-film crystals with different crystal phases were investigated. The results showed that modulation doping, together with high-mobility crystalline organic semiconductor films, is a previously unexplored strategy for achieving high-performance organic thermoelectrics. Theoretical studies provided insight into the energy landscape of the heterostructures and its influence on qualitative trends of the Seebeck coefficient.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gennady M. Gusev, Ze D. Kvon, Alexander D. Levin, Nikolay N. Mikhailov
Summary: The thermoelectric response of 80 nm-thick strained HgTe films in a three-dimensional topological insulator was experimentally studied. An ambipolar thermopower was observed, with the Fermi energy shifting from the conduction band to the valence band. The comparison between theory and experiment showed that the thermopower was mainly due to phonon drag contribution, and the Seebeck coefficient was modified in the region where 2D Dirac electrons coexisted with bulk hole states due to electron-hole scattering.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jose J. Plata, Ernesto J. Blancas, Antonio M. Marquez, Victor Posligua, Javier Fdez Sanz, Ricardo Grau-Crespo
Summary: Nanostructuring is an effective approach to improve the thermoelectric behavior of materials. However, the effectiveness is limited if excessively small particle sizes are necessary to decrease the lattice thermal conductivity. This study combines ab initio calculations and machine learning to systematically investigate the thermoelectric properties of nanostructured AgInTe2, showing that ZT values up to 2 can be achieved at 700 K with an average grain size in the range of 10-100 nm.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jincheng Lu, Jian-Hua Jiang, Yoseph Imry
Summary: In mesoscopic four-terminal thermoelectric devices, inelastic-scattering processes can lead to unconventional thermoelectric transport, including cooling by transverse heat current and transverse thermoelectric effect. These effects result in improved figures of merit and power factor due to spatial separation of charge and heat transport.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthias Uhl, Volker Weissmann, Udo Seifert
Summary: This paper introduces an iterative calculation scheme for obtaining the propagator of potentials with a finite number of steps. For a single potential step, the method converges after one iteration. In other cases, the iteration results in an approximation that holds for times smaller than a characteristic timescale.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Oliver Niggemann, Udo Seifert
Summary: This study tests a general framework for the field-theoretic thermodynamic uncertainty relation by directly simulating the KPZ equation, and finds good agreement with analytical predictions under the weak coupling limit. However, the accuracy of numerical results varies with the choice of discretization of the KPZ non-linearity, and an inherent limitation to the accuracy of the total entropy production approximation is discovered, which is explained to be an intrinsic property of the discretization scheme used.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lukas Oberreiter, Udo Seifert, Andre C. Barato
Summary: A thermodynamically consistent model for discrete time crystals is introduced and analyzed using stochastic thermodynamics. The study reveals that coherent oscillations can emerge even in the absence of synchronization. The mean-field model displays subharmonic synchronization while the 2D model shows a time-crystalline phase.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timur Koyuk, Udo Seifert
Summary: The thermodynamic uncertainty relation allows inferring total entropy production rate by observing current or state variables. Suitable observables can be found for estimating total entropy production in both fast and slow driving cases. The uncertainty relation can even be saturated in the limit of fast driving.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Oliver Niggemann, Udo Seifert
Summary: Investigation on the thermodynamic uncertainty relation in the (1 + 1) dimensional KPZ equation with finite spatial interval reveals two distinct regimes of the relation separated by a critical coupling parameter. Analytical exploration of the asymptotic behavior below and above the critical threshold is presented, along with comparison to numerical simulations.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jann van der Meer, Benjamin Ertel, Udo Seifert
Summary: This work investigates the waiting time distributions between consecutive transitions in a partially observable Markov network. An entropy estimator is formulated using the ratios of waiting time distributions to quantify irreversibility. Depending on the complexity of the underlying network, criteria are formulated to infer whether the entropy estimator recovers the full physical entropy production or provides a lower bound. Additionally, estimators for the network topology are derived using an equivalent semi-Markov description. The study provides a unifying mathematical framework for entropy estimators and clarifies the meaning of formal versus physical irreversibility.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Josip Augustin Janes, Cornelia Monzel, Daniel Schmidt, Rudolf Merkel, Udo Seifert, Kheya Sengupta, Ana-Suncana Smith
Summary: This article investigates the influence of active fluctuations on reaction kinetics in a medium, using the cell membrane as a paradigmatic example. By deriving binding and unbinding rates from first principles and establishing a model that incorporates both thermal fluctuations and active fluctuations, the authors show that these fluctuations directly impact protein association and dissociation rates.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timur Koyuk, Udo Seifert
Summary: This paper investigates the properties of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) in complex systems with many degrees of freedom. By analyzing the entropy production of mixtures of driven particles, an explicit expression for the optimal estimate of total entropy production is derived and applied to driven lattice gases.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chris Nill, Kay Brandner, Beatriz Olmos, Federico Carollo, Igor Lesanovsky
Summary: When atoms are excited to high-lying Rydberg states, their interactions with dipolar forces play a significant role. These interactions not only affect the dissipative effects caused by the coupling of Rydberg atoms with the surrounding electromagnetic field, but also modify the frequency of emitted photons, making it dependent on the local neighborhood of the emitting atom. The interactions among Rydberg atoms accelerate decoherence and affect dissipative phase transitions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Ertel, Jann van der Meer, Udo Seifert
Summary: In this study, we propose a method to extract the step size and stalling force of a molecular motor without relying on external control parameters. The method is non-invasive, operationally accessible in experiments, and can potentially be applied to any model describing the dynamics of molecular motors. Our results are confirmed by extensive numerical simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jann van der Meer, Julius Deguenther, Udo Seifert
Summary: Irreversibility is quantified by entropy production, which can be estimated through measuring antisymmetric observables like current. A general framework is introduced to infer a lower bound on entropy production by measuring time-resolved statistics of events with any symmetry under time reversal, including time-symmetric instantaneous events. Markovianity is emphasized as a property of certain events rather than the full system, and an operationally accessible criterion for this weakened Markov property is introduced. The approach is based on snippets, which are particular sections of trajectories between two Markovian events, and a generalized detailed balance relation is discussed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Lukas Oberreiter, Udo Seifert, Andre C. Barato
Summary: Biochemical clocks are crucial for all living systems and can only oscillate coherently for a limited number of times when isolated from external signals and subject to fluctuations. Moreover, these clocks can only oscillate if they consume free energy. We propose a universal bound that determines the minimum amount of free energy required for a certain number of coherent oscillations.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Benjamin Ertel, Jann van der Meer, Udo Seifert
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between entropy production and mean and variance of steady-state currents in semi-Markov processes, as well as the uncertainty relation in coarse-grained Markov processes generated by semi-Markov descriptions. The article introduces a crucial condition in thermodynamic consistency and presents some alternative derivations of results.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Benedikt Remlein, Volker Weissmann, Udo Seifert
Summary: In this study, we analytically determine the quality factor of oscillations induced by driven Fokker-Planck dynamics along a periodic one-dimensional potential in a noisy environment. We extend this approach to investigate motion along a noisy two-dimensional limit cycle and apply it to the Stuart-Landau oscillator and the Brusselator chemical clock model. Our approach complements the existing framework based on Hamilton-Jacobi theory and is compared with numerical results.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Joshua Eglinton, Kay Brandner
Summary: This paper analyzes the performance of slowly driven refrigerators and heat engines operating between two thermal baths with a small temperature difference. The study shows that these devices can approach their Carnot limit only if heat leaks are suppressed. The power output is subject to a quadratic decay towards zero at the Carnot limit.
