Article
Environmental Sciences
M. A. R. Koehl, Thomas L. Daniel
Summary: Macroalgae provide surfaces for other organisms to live on, and the presence of encrusting epibionts on macroalgae affects their biomechanical and hydrodynamic properties. Bryozoan epibionts increase the flexural stiffness of algal blades, but do not affect the elasticity and strength of the blade tissue.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Ziegler, Thomas Scheel, Maxime Hubert, Jens Harting, Ana-Suncana Smith
Summary: In this study, hydrodynamic interactions of a pair of three-sphere swimmers were comprehensively analyzed, revealing that quadrupolar field dominates at intermediate distances and increases swimming velocity. The rotations and translations behavior depend on the swimmer model and a mapping between stroke-based and force-based swimmers is possible only under low driving frequency. The long-term behavior of the swimmers is sensitive to initial relative positioning but independent of the pusher or puller nature of the swimmer.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max Heyl, Kyosuke Adachi, Yuki M. Itahashi, Yuji Nakagawa, Yuichi Kasahara, Emil J. W. List-Kratochvil, Yusuke Kato, Yoshihiro Iwasa
Summary: The authors studied the dynamics of superconducting vortices in the BCS-BEC crossover regime using the Hall effect as a probe in LixZrNCl. They observed a systematic enhancement of the Hall angle towards the crossover, which was qualitatively reproduced by the phenomenological TDGL theory. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of vortex dynamics within the crossover and demonstrate the potential of gate-controlled superconductors for investigating unexplored properties in BEC superconductors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
N. F. Beier, H. Allison, P. Efthimion, K. A. Flippo, L. Gao, S. B. Hansen, K. Hill, R. Hollinger, M. Logantha, Y. Musthafa, R. Nedbailo, V. Senthilkumaran, R. Shepherd, V. N. Shlyaptsev, H. Song, S. Wang, F. Dollar, J. J. Rocca, A. E. Hussein
Summary: Short-pulse, laser-solid interactions can generate uniformly heated high-density plasmas, which serve as a unique platform for studying high-energy-density matter.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianing Han
Summary: This article investigates van der Waals interactions or dipole-dipole interactions, focusing on the formalism for three-dimensional dipole-quadrupole interactions and the two-dimensional three-body pairwise dipole-quadrupole interactions among atoms. The research has various applications, including creating dipole-quadrupole coupled molecules, compact quantum computers, plasma generation, and quantum sensors.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jean-Baptiste Gorce, Eric Falcon
Summary: We experimentally investigate 3D hydrodynamic turbulence at scales larger than the forcing scale and manage to separate the forcing scale from the container size. Our results show that the large-scale dynamics are in statistical equilibrium and can be described using an effective temperature, though not isolated from the turbulent Kolmogorov cascade.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuji Nakagawa, Yuichi Kasahara, Takuya Nomoto, Ryotaro Arita, Tsutomu Nojima, Yoshihiro Iwasa
Summary: The study reports the crossover from the BCS limit to the BEC limit in a two-dimensional superconductor by varying carrier density. The phase diagram, established by simultaneous measurements of resistivity and tunneling spectra, shows a pseudogap phase in the low-doping regime. Results indicate that gate-doped semiconductor provides an ideal platform for the BCS-BEC crossover in two dimensions.
Article
Cell Biology
Lei Chen, Weihuan Cao, Rohit Aita, Dennis Aldea, Juan Flores, Nan Gao, Edward M. Bonder, Christopher E. Ellison, Michael P. Verzi
Summary: In renewing tissues like the intestinal epithelium, enhancer-promoter interactions remain relatively stable despite dynamic gene regulation across the differentiation axis. HNF4 transcription factors are found to be essential for chromatin looping at target genes, with depletion of HNF4 disrupting local chromatin looping, histone modifications, and target gene expression. This study offers insights into the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms governing homeostasis in renewing tissues.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiang Wei, Xiaofan Zhang, Fang Lin, Ruozheng Wang, Genqiang Chen, Hong-Xing Wang
Summary: This study fabricated two types of trenches with conventional vertical and new reverse-V-shaped cross-sections on single crystal diamond (SCD) substrate using a micro-jet water-assisted laser and microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition device. Raman and SEM methods were applied to analyze the growth layer characterization of both types. The findings showed that the epitaxial lateral overgrowth layer of the novel reverse-V-shaped trench improved the surface morphology and crystal quality of SCD.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Longfei Li, Peng Liu, Ke Chen, Ning Zheng, Mingcheng Yang
Summary: The active depletion torque experienced by two anisotropic objects in an active bath is qualitatively different from its passive counterpart. It is greatly affected by external constraints, and may change direction with orientational constraint. The accumulation of active particles near the objects is the main reason for the remarkable features of the active depletion torque. The findings could be relevant for understanding the self-assembly and dynamics of anisotropic macromolecules in living environments.
Article
Mechanics
J. Dhar, P. Meunier, F. Nadal, Y. Meheust
Summary: This study investigates the impact of hydrodynamic dispersion tensor on convective dissolution in geological formations. The efficiency of convective dissolution is affected by longitudinal and transverse dispersion, with the former slowing down the process and the latter accelerating it. The research also highlights the differences between 2D and 3D results in terms of onset time of convection and finger number density.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Serena H. Chen, David R. Bell, Binquan Luan
Summary: Two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene, have shown promise in various biomedical applications but their interactions with biomolecules need further investigation. This review integrates experimental and theoretical studies to explore the interactions between 2D nanomaterials and proteins, lipid membranes, and DNA. Molecular dynamics simulation allows for the observation of nanoscale processes that are otherwise not observable in experiments, aiding in the design of effective 2D nanomaterials for drug delivery platforms.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Filip Novkoski, Chi-Tuong Pham, Eric Falcon
Summary: We observe the nonlinear three-wave resonant interactions between the gravity-capillary and sloshing modes of hydrodynamic waves. A triadic resonance instability is observed, with exponential growth and phase locking. The efficiency of the interaction is highest when the gravity-capillary phase velocity matches the group velocity of the sloshing mode. Additional waves are generated through a cascade of three-wave interactions for stronger forcing, filling the wave spectrum. This mechanism may have relevance in systems involving multiple propagation modes.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yulia Sokolov, Haim Diamant
Summary: This study explores the relative motion of particles in a driven system due to hydrodynamic interactions, and highlights its profound impact on the system's dynamics. By analyzing symmetries under particle exchange and force reversal, the study draws general conclusions on the appearance of relative motion and the time reversibility of the motion.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Dianyong Liu, Chen Liang, Xiao Liang
Summary: The interactions between weakly three-dimensional waves in an 'X' configuration with a 16-degree approaching angle were studied through laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The experimental results showed an increase in wave height as the wave trains propagated into the interaction region, reaching a maximum height of about 1.37H0. The wave elevations at different positions downstream of the interaction region were also highly correlated with the frequency and initial wave steepness. For low frequency waves, a crescent wave surface formed at the beginning of the interaction and separated into two two-dimensional waves, while for high frequency waves, three-dimensional effects dominated the interaction. Numerical simulations with larger approaching angles further demonstrated the influence of propagation direction on the interactions between weakly three-dimensional waves.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Fatih Alarslan, Martin Frosinn, Kevin Ruwisch, Jannis Thien, Tim Jaehnichen, Louisa Eckert, Jonas Klein, Markus Haase, Dirk Enke, Joachim Wollschlaeger, Uwe Beginn, Martin Steinhart
Summary: In this study, we developed a reactive additive capillary stamping technique under solvothermal conditions for patterning solvothermal reaction products in thin-layer configurations. The precursor inks were infiltrated into mesoporous aerogel stamps, and the liquid bridges formed between the stamp and substrate guided the conversion of precursors into solvothermal reaction products. Large-area submicron patterns of solvothermal reaction products were achieved by replicating the stamp topography. This technique allows for the customization of thin-layer electromechanical systems, transformers, and positioning systems.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antonela Ananiadou, Michalis Alagiannis, Martin Steinhart, Konstantinos Skobridis, George Floudas
Summary: We report on the polymorphism of alcohols with different carbon atom numbers and study their phase transformations. The contributions of different factors to the fusion heat and entropy change were analyzed. The phase diagrams under confinement were obtained and the stability of crystal phases was investigated. The dynamics of alcohols in different phases were studied, showing that each phase has distinct dynamic fingerprints. The effect of surface treatment on the alumina pore was also discussed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael Philippi, Christian P. Richter, Marie Kappen, Isabelle Watrinet, Yi Miao, Mercedes Runge, Lara Jorde, Sergej Korneev, Michael Holtmannspoetter, Rainer Kurre, Joost C. M. Holthuis, K. Christopher Garcia, Andreas Plueckthun, Martin Steinhart, Jacob Piehler, Changjiang You
Summary: In this study, biofunctional nanodot arrays (bNDAs) are developed to spatially control dimerization and clustering of cell surface receptors at the nanoscale, enabling the assembly of active Wnt signalosomes in live cells at the nanoscale.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonas Klein, Fatih Alarslan, Martin Steinhart, Markus Haase
Summary: This report describes the post-modification of mesoporous antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticle layers with a redox-active cerium compound. The switching of the Ce3+/Ce4+ couple on the conductive nanoparticle scaffold is demonstrated using a non-intercalating electrolyte. Nanoparticle layers doped with 15% Sb exhibit the highest storage capacity, and show promising performance as charge storage layers in an electrochromic device.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonas Klein, Michael Philippi, Fatih Alarslan, Tim Jaehnichen, Dirk Enke, Martin Steinhart, Markus Haase
Summary: High-temperature treatment, specifically through postsynthesis calcination, is crucial for maximizing the potential of functional nanomaterials. However, this step often hinders the preparation of colloidal solutions due to agglomeration. In this study, researchers successfully obtained stable colloidal solutions of calcined n-conductive antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles without using sacrificial materials. This was achieved by reducing the contact between nanoparticles through aerogel assembly. The resulting aggregates in solution, although slightly sintered, were remarkably small, with sizes below 30 nm.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sumit Parvate, Goran T. Vladisavljevic, Nico Leister, Alexandros Spyrou, Guido Bolognesi, Daniele Baiocco, Zhibing Zhang, Sujay Chattopadhyay
Summary: We developed a Lego-inspired microfluidic device that can encapsulate both organic and aqueous phase change materials (PCMs) with high reproducibility. The device produces monodisperse double emulsion droplets that encapsulate hexadecane (HD) and salt hydrate SP21EK in a UV-curable polymeric shell. These microcapsules exhibit high encapsulation efficiencies and thermal stability, and can sustain over 100 melting-crystallization cycles. Furthermore, when titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are added, the microcapsules show remarkable photocatalytic activity and improved mechanical properties.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gririraj Manoharan, Petra Boesel, Jannis Thien, Michael Holtmannspoetter, Laura Meingast, Mercedes Schmidt, Henning Eickmeier, Markus Haase, Janina Maultzsch, Martin Steinhart, Joachim Wollschlaeger, Matteo Palma, Carola Meyer
Summary: In this study, we propose a method to functionalize silanized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using copper-free click chemistry for the assembly of inorganic and biological nanohybrids. Silanization and strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions (SPACC) were employed for SWNT functionalization. The functionalized SWNTs were successfully immobilized onto patterned substrates through dielectrophoresis (DEP). The strategy demonstrated general applicability for the functionalization of SWNTs with metal nanoparticles, fluorescent dyes, and biomolecules.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chien-Hua Tu, Martin Steinhart, Ruediger Berger, Michael Kappl, Hans-Juergen Butt, George Floudas
Summary: By confining semicrystalline polymers within nanoscopic cylindrical pores, they can flow at temperatures below the melting point with intermediate viscosity between the melt and crystal states. This unexpected enhancement in flow, while preserving the polymer crystallites, is important for designing polymer processing conditions applicable at low temperatures, such as for cold drawn polymers like polytetrafluoroethylene, self-healing materials, and nanoconfined donor/acceptor polymers used in organic electronics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adnan Chakra, Naval Singh, Goran T. Vladisavljevic, Francois Nadal, Cecile Cottin-Bizonne, Christophe Pirat, Guido Bolognesi
Summary: The authors reveal a physical mechanism for the preconcentration, sorting, and characterization of charged polystyrene nanobeads and liposomes in a straight micron-sized channel. By creating a salt concentration gradient perpendicular to the flow, fluorescent nanobeads accumulate into symmetric regions, appearing as distinct stripes. Diffusio-osmosis along the channel walls plays a crucial role in particle dynamics. Additionally, a double Ψ-junction microfluidic device is developed for size-based separation and characterization of nanobeads, as well as for measuring zeta potential and lipid composition of liposomes. This strategy has potential applications in microfluidic bioanalytical testing.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yun Dong, Martin Steinhart, Hans-Juergen Butt, George Floudas
Summary: The conductivity of ionic liquids (ILs) in nanopores is crucial for their application in energy materials. However, the impact of confinement on ion mobility is still not well understood. A study on ILs with the same cation and different anions revealed differences in self-assembly, thermodynamics, and ionic conductivity between bulk and confined states, suggesting the influence of confinement on IL behavior.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fatih Alarslan, Hanna Huebner, Jonas Klein, Karsten Kuepper, Joachim Wollschlaeger, Markus Haase, Markus Gallei, Martin Steinhart
Summary: The wettability of surfaces is crucial for various applications including antifouling, antifogging, anti-icing, and self-cleaning. Solvent-free high-temperature capillary stamping of stimuli-responsive polymers allows the generation of switchable surfaces with different water contact angles (WCAs). Potential problems associated with polymer solution deposition are overcome.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Minjun Chen, Conner Thacker, Ksenija R. Kumric, Radivoje Prodanovic, Guido Bolognesi, Goran T. Vladisavljevic
Summary: Monodispersed PEGDA/AA microgels with a controllable negative charge and macroporous internal structure were produced using a Lego-inspired droplet microfluidic device. The microgels exhibited tunable surface charge and macroporosity, thereby showing improved adsorption properties towards organic dyes and high removal capacity of Cu(II) ions.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joshua Piaskowski, Georg Haberfehlner, Theresa Bartschmid, Gerald Kothleitner, Martin Steinhart, Gilles R. Bourret
Summary: Bimetallic AuRh_Au nanorod dimers with a thin lossy Rh segment in the gap region were synthesized using OWL. The E-field enhancement at the Rh segment and the coupling between the Au NR antennas were investigated using EELS, electromagnetic simulations, and SERS. Simple design rules for maximizing the E-field at a given wavelength within and on the Rh were provided. These bimetallic NR dimers are versatile platforms for studying plasmonic coupling in heterostructures and have potential applications in plasmonic catalysis.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leiming Guo, Martin Steinhart
Summary: In this study, we explored the potential of using block copolymer (BCP) polystyrene-block-poly (2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) stamps for the generation of topographic surface patterns. We demonstrated the fabrication of additive surface patterns using PS-b-P2VP breath figure (BF) arrays and the fabrication of subtractive surface patterns using PS-b-P2VP stamps penetrated by spongy mesopore systems. These findings provide new possibilities for controlling surface properties and achieving graphoepitaxy.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marian Chatenet, Bruno G. Pollet, Dario R. Dekel, Fabio Dionigi, Jonathan Deseure, Pierre Millet, Richard D. Braatz, Martin Z. Bazant, Michael Eikerling, Iain Staffell, Paul Balcombe, Yang Shao-Horn, Helmut Schaefer
Summary: This article explores the use of hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier, focusing on electrocatalytic water splitting. It covers the fundamentals of the process, the latest scientific findings, and the current industrial processes and large-scale applications. The article also discusses strategies for optimizing electrode materials and includes a technoeconomic analysis of water electrolysis. Overall, it aims to promote collaboration and exchange among researchers in different fields.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2022)
