Article
Engineering, Aerospace
O. Kiren, Kenath Arun, C. Sivaram
Summary: In this paper, the authors discuss the possibility of primordial planets composed entirely of dark matter at high redshifts and their evolution as the Universe expands. These dark matter objects accrete helium and hydrogen layers, leading to nuclear reactions and potentially explosive matter ejection. The time scale of ejection from these dense dark matter objects is found to be shorter than that of other compact objects like neutron stars.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Barmak Shams Es Haghi
Summary: We propose a novel scenario using an early matter-dominated era (EMDE) caused by a heavy metastable particle to explain baryon asymmetry and dark matter (DM). The lack of pressure within the EMDE enhances the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) which contribute to the relic abundance of DM. The decay of a heavy metastable particle with baryon number and CP-violating interactions reheats the Universe and leads to baryon asymmetry.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abraham Loeb
Summary: There has been a recent resurgence of interest in restricting the interaction between dark matter particles and known particles. The author proposes a novel approach to set upper limits on the coupling of ions or electrons to dark matter particles of any mass, using Faraday's Law in a spinning conductor.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adam Duran, Logan Morrison, Stefano Profumo
Summary: The study generalizes the production of gravitational particles in a radiation-dominated, CPT-symmetric universe to nonstandard but also CPT-symmetric early-Universe cosmologies. Calculations were made to determine the necessary mass for a right-handed sterile neutrino to be cosmological dark matter. Additionally, state-of-the-art tools were utilized to compute the expected spectra of gamma rays and high-energy active neutrinos resulting from the decay of ultraheavy sterile neutrino dark matter. The research shows that the sterile neutrinos were never in thermal equilibrium in the early Universe and discusses the potential detection of signals for varying sterile neutrino lifetimes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Michael Ryan, Sarah Shandera, James Gurian, Donghui Jeong
Summary: Dark matter that is dissipative may cool to form compact objects, including black holes. A chemistry tool, DarkKROME, is introduced to accurately model the relevant processes for cooling dark matter gas with two unequal-mass fundamental fermions interacting via a massless-photon-mediated U(1) force. This tool is used for one-zone collapse simulations to study the evolution of temperature-density phase diagrams for various dark sector parameters.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Upala Mukhopadhyay, Debasish Majumdar, Kanan K. Datta
Summary: The EDGES experiment has observed an excess trough in the brightness temperature of the 21-cm absorption line of neutral Hydrogen atom from the era of cosmic dawn. Possible interactions between dark matter, dark energy, and baryon matter are considered to explain this excess trough. Different dark matter-dark energy interaction models are used to test their viability in explaining the observed results, with modifications to the evolution of the Hubble parameter also being addressed in this work.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Avik Banerjee, Debtosh Chowdhury
Summary: We study the impact of an alternate cosmological history with an early matter-dominated epoch on the freeze-in production of dark matter. It is found that orders of magnitude larger coupling between the visible and the dark sector can be accommodated in this scenario, compared to the usual case of dark matter production in a radiation-dominated universe.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiao-Min Zhang, Kai Li, Yi-Fu Guo, Peng-Cheng Chu, He Liu, Jian-Yang Zhu
Summary: Two models proposed in this study unify warm inflation with dark matter and dark energy. A single scalar field is responsible for early Universe expansion through dissipative warm inflation and later acts as both dark matter and dark energy. Evolution equations for the fields and observational constraints are presented, along with an evolution law describing the scaling of energy density and state parameter with scale factor.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bradley J. Kavanagh, Timon Emken, Riccardo Catena
Summary: Despite strong evidence for the existence of large amounts of dark matter in the Universe, there is no direct indication of its presence in our solar system. A new study demonstrates the possibility of measuring the local dark matter density and interaction cross section through direct detection experiments. This study suggests that future experiments may be able to reconstruct the local dark matter density with less than 50% uncertainty for sub-GeV dark matter with a large spin-independent DM-proton cross section.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Paola Arias, Nicolas Bernal, Jacek K. Osinski, Leszek Roszkowski
Summary: This study investigates the production of axion dark matter in a nonstandard cosmological history with a scalar field and varying decay rate. It shows that under certain conditions, the axion mass and the Hubble expansion rate can cross multiple times, allowing for a new phase of oscillation. The required axion mass for the present dark matter relic density can be significantly smaller than predicted by the standard history, which can be tested by upcoming experiments targeting the axion-photon coupling.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miguel Correa, Mayukh R. Gangopadhyay, Nur Jaman, Grant J. Mathews
Summary: This study investigates the natural warm inflationary paradigm and reveals two significant new findings. Firstly, the observational constraints on the primordial power spectrum from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be met within the Planck scale of the effective field theory. Secondly, the natural warm inflationary paradigm can inevitably generate primordial black holes (PBHs) in a specific mass range, which can account for the entirety of the universe's dark matter while satisfying observational constraints.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Nicolas Bernal, Yong Xu
Summary: A minimal UV complete framework is proposed to embed inflation and dark matter by adding a singlet real scalar field and a singlet fermionic field to the standard model. The study analyzes the polynomial form of the inflaton and the generation mechanisms of dark matter, demonstrating that the direct decay of inflatons is the dominant mechanism for producing dark matter.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Prolay Chanda, James Unwin
Summary: In this paper, the scenario in which Asymmetric Dark Matter (ADM) decouples from the Standard Model thermal bath during an early period of matter domination is explored. Model independent analysis and a specific example in the context of an elegant SO(10) implementation are presented and contrasted with conventional ADM models. The prospects for superheavy ADM in this setting are discussed in the concluding remarks.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yusuke Manita, Katsuki Aoki, Tomohiro Fujita, Shinji Mukohyama
Summary: Bigravity is a natural extension of general relativity that includes an additional massive spin-2 field, which could be a potential candidate for dark matter. In this study, we investigate fixed-point solutions for axisymmetric Bianchi type-I universes in two bigravity theories, namely Hassan-Rosen bigravity and the minimal theory of bigravity, without the presence of a Boulware-Deser ghost. We analyze the local and global stabilities of these fixed points and propose a new scenario where spin-2 dark matter is produced through a transition from an anisotropic fixed-point solution to an isotropic one. The produced spin-2 dark matter can potentially explain all or a fraction of dark matter and can be detected directly using laser interferometers, similar to the detection of gravitational waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Philip Bull, Martin White, Anze Slosar
Summary: This study investigates constraints on the behavior of dynamical dark energy in the matter-dominated era, finding that existing CMB and LSS measurements have constrained the dark energy equation of state during this period. It also examines how forthcoming galaxy surveys and 21cm intensity mapping instruments can further improve constraints in this regime.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elcio Abdalla, Guillermo Franco Abellan, Amin Aboubrahim, Adriano Agnello, Ozgur Akarsu, Yashar Akrami, George Alestas, Daniel Aloni, Luca Amendola, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Richard I. Anderson, Nikki Arendse, Marika Asgari, Mario Ballardini, Vernon Bargerx, Spyros Basilakos, Ronaldo C. Batista, Elia S. Battistelli, Richard Battye, Micol Benetti, David Benisty, Asher Berlin, Paolo de Bernardis, Emanuele Berti, Bohdan Bidenko, Simon Birrer, John P. Blakeslee, Kimberly K. Boddy, Clecio R. Bom, Alexander Bonilla, Nicola Borghi, Francois R. Bouchet, Matteo Braglia, Thomas Buchert, Elizabeth Buckley-Geer, Erminia Calabrese, Robert R. Caldwell, David Camarena, Salvatore Capozziello, Stefano Casertano, Angela Chen, Geoff C-F Chen, Hsin-Yu Chen, Jens Chluba, Anton Chudaykin, Michele Cicoli, Craig J. Copi, Fred Courbin, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Bozena Czerny, Maria Dainotti, Guido D'Amico, Anne-Christine Davis, Javier de Cruz Perez, Jaume de Haro, Jacques Delabrouille, Peter B. Denton, Suhail Dhawan, Keith R. Dienes, Eleonora Di Valentino, Pu Du, Dominique Eckert, Celia Escamilla-Rivera, Agnes Ferte, Fabio Finelli, Pablo Fosalba, Wendy L. Freedman, Noemi Frusciante, Enrique Gaztanaga, William Giare, Elena Giusarma, Adria Gomez-Valent, Will Handley, Ian Harrison, Luke Hart, Dhiraj Kumar Hazra, Alan Heavens, Asta Heinesen, Hendrik Hildebrandt, J. Colin Hill, Natalie B. Hogg, Daniel E. Holz, Deanna C. Hooper, Nikoo Hosseininejad, Dragan Huterer, Mustapha Ishak, Mikhail M. Ivanov, Andrew H. Jaffe, In Sung Jang, Karsten Jedamzik, Raul Jimenez, Melissa Joseph, Shahab Joudaki, Marc Kamionkowski, Tanvi Karwal, Lavrentios Kazantzidis, Ryan E. Keeley, Michael Klasen, Eiichiro Komatsu, Leon V. E. Koopmans, Suresh Kumar, Luca Lamagna, Ruth Lazkoz Dn, Chung-Chi Lee, Julien Lesgourgues, Jackson Levi Said, Tiffany R. Lewis, Benjamin L'Huillier, Matteo Lucca, Roy Maartens, Lucas M. Macri, Danny Marfatia, Valerio Marra, Carlos J. A. P. Martins, Silvia Masi, Sabino Matarrese, Arindam Mazumdar, Alessandro Melchiorri, Olga Mena, Laura Mersini-Houghton, James Mertens, Dinko Milakovic, Yuto Minami, Vivian Miranda, Cristian Moreno-Pulido, Michele Moresco, David F. Mota, Emil Mottola, Simone Mozzon, Jessica Muir, Ankan Mukherjee, Suvodip Mukherjee, Pavel Naselsky, Pran Nath, Savvas Nesseris, Florian Niedermann, Alessio Notari, Rafael C. Nunes, Eoin O. Colgain, Kayla A. Owens, Emre Ozulker, Francesco Pace, Andronikos Paliathanasis, Antonella Palmese, Supriya Pan, Daniela Paoletti, Santiago E. Perez Bergliaffa, Leandros Perivolaropoulos, Dominic W. Pesce, Valeria Pettorino, Oliver H. E. Philcox, Levon Pogosian, Vivian Poulin, Gaspard Poulot, Marco Raveri, Mark J. Reid, Fabrizio Renzi, Adam G. Riess, Vivian Sabla, Paolo Salucci, Vincenzo Salzano, Emmanuel N. Saridakis, Bangalore S. Sathyaprakash, Martin Schmaltz, Nils Schoneberg, Dan Scolnic, Anjan A. Sen, Neelima Sehgal, Arman Shafieloo, M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari, Joseph Silk, Alessandra Silvestri, Foteini Skaraj, Martin S. Sloth, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Joan Sola Peracaula, Yu-Yang Songsheng, Jorge F. Soriano, Denitsa Staicova, Glenn D. Starkman, Istvan Szapudi, Elsa M. Teixeira, Brooks Thomas, Tommaso Treu, Emery Trott, Carsten van de Ruck, J. Alberto Vazquez, Licia Verde, Luca Visinelli, Deng Wang, Jian-Min Wang, Shao-Jiang Wang, Richard Watkins, Scott Watson, John K. Webb, Neal Weiner, Amanda Weltman, Samuel J. Witte, Radoslaw Wojtak, Anil Kumar Yadav, Weiqiang Yang, Gong-Bo Zhao, Miguel Zumalacarregui
Summary: The paper discusses the limitations of the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (Lambda CDM) cosmological model and proposes new physics models to alleviate the tensions in various cosmological measurements. The authors emphasize the importance of considering a wide range of data and discuss the significance of upcoming experiments and space missions in addressing open questions in cosmology.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Selim C. Hotinli, Gilbert P. Holder, Matthew C. Johnson, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: In this paper, we forecast the ability of future CMB and galaxy surveys to detect the kinetic polarized Sunyaev Zel'dovich (kpSZ) effect and introduce a quadratic estimator for the square of the peculiar velocity field based on a galaxy survey and CMB polarization. Furthermore, we outline how the kpSZ effect serves as a probe of cosmic birefringence and primordial non-Gaussianity, predicting the reach of future experiments.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cyril Creque-Sarbinowski, Marc Kamionkowski, Bei Zhou
Summary: This study explores the possibility of quantifying the fluctuations of AGN light curves using measurements from the Rubin Observatory. The results show that the measurements will be precise enough to classify AGNs into different correlation-timescale bins. The study suggests that variability parameters, along with spectroscopy, will play an important role in characterizing individual AGNs and studying AGN population statistics.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jose Luis Bernal, Gabriela Sato-Polito, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: Recent studies using New Horizons's Long Range Reconnaisance Imager (LORRI) images have provided precise measurements of the cosmic optical background, showing a flux that exceeds expectations by a factor of 2. The study investigates whether this excess is related to the decay of axionlike dark matter into monoenergetic photons.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Marc Kamionkowski, Adam G. Riess
Summary: Over the past decade, the disparity between the directly measured cosmic expansion rate and the rate determined from the standard Lambda CDM cosmological model has increased, leading to the need for a solution. Proposed systematic errors are not supported by the available data, making it difficult to find simple theoretical explanations for this Hubble tension. Recent attention has focused on models that alter the early physics of Lambda CDM as the most feasible solution.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vivian Poulin, Jose Luis Bernal, Ely D. Kovetz, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: Measurements of weak gravitational lensing at low redshifts suggest weaker matter clustering than expected from the standard ACDM cosmological model. However, measurements of matter clustering at higher redshifts, as probed by lensing of the CMB, are consistent with ACDM. It has been found that the tension can be resolved by introducing friction between dark matter and dark energy without altering the expansion history.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cyril Creque-Sarbinowski, Jeffrey Hyde, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: In this study, we investigate the coupling between cosmic strings and neutrinos, suggesting that cosmic strings may contribute to the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube. By calculating the neutrino spectrum emitted from cosmic string loops with quasicusps, quasikinks, or kink-kink collisions, we consider two models of neutrino emission: one where the string features directly emit neutrinos, and one where they emit a scalar particle that eventually decays into neutrinos. In either case, we find that the spectrum of cosmic string neutrinos can be described by a power law with a high-energy cutoff. Although none of the models fully match the observed high-energy neutrino spectrum, we find that the maximum contribution of cosmic string neutrinos can still be a significant fraction of the observed flux, causing a bump in the observed neutrino spectrum. Finally, we present the viable parameter space for neutrino emission in each of the models.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jordan Flitter, Cyril Creque-Sarbinowski, Marc Kamionkowski, Liang Dai
Summary: Compensated isocurvature perturbations (CIPs) are long-lived perturbations to the primordial baryon density that are accompanied by dark matter density perturbations. In this study, it is shown that the interaction between the CIP-induced modulation of the electron number density and the electron-temperature fluctuation associated with primordial adiabatic perturbations can produce a magnetic field in the postrecombinaton Universe. This magnetic field could potentially serve as a seed for galactic dynamos.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Selim C. Hotinli, Simone Ferraro, Gilbert P. Holder, Matthew C. Johnson, Marc Kamionkowski, Paul La Plante
Summary: This paper demonstrates a method for inferring the primordial helium abundance and the time and duration of helium reionization through kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich tomography, which combines cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements and galaxy surveys. It is expected that a high-significance detection at -10 sigma could be achieved in the near future using the Vera Rubin Observatory and CMB-S4. However, a more robust characterization of helium reionization will require next-generation experiments like MegaMapper and CMB-HD.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Neha Anil Kumar, Selim C. Hotinli, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: Compensated isocurvature perturbations (CIPs) refer to relative density fluctuations where baryon-density fluctuation is accompanied by a dark matter density fluctuation, keeping the total matter density unperturbed. By measuring the galaxy-density and matter-overdensity fields independently, a minimum-variance estimator for the primordial CIP amplitude can be constructed. Forecasts suggest that configurations such as CMB-S4 and VRO can detect CIP amplitudes as small as 5 x 10-9 under a scale-invariant power spectrum.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tal Adi, Hector Afonso G. Cruz, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: This article discusses the perturbations to the cosmic baryon density and total matter density induced by magnetohydrodynamic forces in the presence of primordial magnetic fields. The authors rederive the power spectrum for these density perturbations provided in 1996, provide a simplified result, and identify some discrepancies in the literature.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lingyuan Ji, Selim C. Hotinli, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: This study discusses the cross-correlation between the cosmic microwave background polarization and the 21-cm radiation polarization, using an analytical model and angular power spectrum analysis. The results indicate that it will be difficult to reject the null hypothesis of no 21-cm polarization, even with the synergy of next-generation 21-cm and cosmic microwave background missions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lingyuan Ji, Marc Kamionkowski, Jose Luis Bernal
Summary: The new formulation of cosmological-perturbation theory replaces the Boltzmann hierarchies with integrals for evaluating neutrino phase-space distributions, leading to faster computation times, especially for massive neutrinos.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Neha Anil Kumar, Gabriela Sato-Polito, Marc Kamionkowski, Selim C. Hotinli
Summary: The kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect provides a powerful probe of the radial-velocity field of matter distributed across the Universe. This measurement can be used to probe primordial non-Gaussianity and the trispectrum amplitude tau NL. Cross-correlation between the velocity field and the galaxy density field allows for scale-dependent bias factor measurements. The sensitivity of these measurements can be significantly improved with high galaxy number density and large survey volume.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Selim C. Hotinli, David J. E. Marsh, Marc Kamionkowski
Summary: Studied the prospects of using forthcoming measurements of 21-cm fluctuations from cosmic dawn to probe ULAs, with a focus on VAOs in the large-scale 21-cm power spectrum.
