Dynamical Theory of Superfluidity in One Dimension

A theory accounting for the dynamical aspects of the superfluid response of one dimensional (1D) quantum fluids is reported. In long 1D systems, the onset of superfluidity is related to the dynamical suppression of quantum phase slips at low temperatures. The effect of this suppression as a function of frequency and temperature is discussed within the framework of the experimentally relevant momentum response function. Applications of these results to the understanding of the superfluid properties of helium confined in 1D pores with nanometer diameter, dislocations in solid He-4, and ultracold atomic gases are also briefly discussed.