Article
Optics
L. Gerchikov, S. Sheinerman
Summary: The text discusses the importance of the mechanism of angular-momentum transfer between photoelectrons and Auger electrons in the Auger electron emission following photoionization of deep inner atomic shells, highlighting its significant influence on the angular distribution of the Auger electrons. It also mentions the potential experimental observation of the proposed effect through suitable photoionization processes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lorenz S. Cederbaum, Alexander I. Kuleff
Summary: Interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) is an efficient electronic decay process that occurs in systems embedded in environments. Quantum light has a significant impact on the ICD process, altering it compared to classical ICD, and allowing for control of ICD rates through manipulation of atomic distribution and orientation. In an electromagnetic cavity, the entanglement of atoms can substantially change ICD rates and be utilized to control the process.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. V. Rezvan, K. Klyssek, S. Grundmann, A. Pier, N. M. Novikovskiy, N. Strenger, D. Tsitsonis, M. Kircher, I. Vela-Perez, K. Fehre, F. Trinter, M. S. Schoeffler, T. Jahnke, R. Doerner, Ph. V. Demekhin
Summary: We experimentally and theoretically investigate the C and O 1s photoionization of fixed-in-space CO molecules at a photon energy of 905 eV. We observe a significant dependence of the photoelectron angular distributions on the direction of the ionizing radiation. This dependence arises from the interplay between nondipole effects and molecular effects. Nondipole effects lead to an increase in the emission probability in the forward direction along the light propagation, while scattering of the photoelectron wave by the molecular potential produces a strong peak in the direction of the neighboring atom. These effects can either conspire or counteract each other, depending on the photoelectron emission direction and molecular orientation in space.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Margaret Gregory, Paul Hockett, Albert Stolow, Varun Makhija
Summary: A theory and method for matrix-based reconstruction of molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions from laboratory frame measurements is developed and applied to nonlinear polyatomic molecules. This new technique does not require determination of photoionization matrix elements and allows successful reconstruction of MF photoelectron angular distributions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masud Golshani, Behnam Azadegan, Ali Asghar Mowlavi
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low-energy electrons released during the gadolinium neutron capture reaction (GdNCR)-Gd-157 using microdosimetric methods. It was found that for a DNA target, the y(D)-ratio of carbon ions relative to reference radiation is proportional to the relevant RBE. The RBE of Gd electrons was evaluated to be 2.36 and 2.21 using different models and parameters.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Julie Bolcaen, Mohamed A. Gizawy, Samantha Y. A. Terry, Antonio Paulo, Bart Cornelissen, Aruna Korde, Jonathan Engle, Valery Radchenko, Roger W. Howell
Summary: Auger electron (AE) radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) may have therapeutic efficacy similar to α-particles for small oncologic diseases, with lower risks of normal tissue toxicity. Despite accumulating knowledge about AE research, the promise of AE RPT has not yet been realized, with only a few agents evaluated in clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cedric Lorce, Qin-Tao Song
Summary: We study the energy-momentum tensor of spin-0 and spin -1/2 hadrons in momentum space using gravitational transverse-momentum distributions. We identify the relations between these distributions and the usual transverse-momentum distributions in the quark sector. By focusing on specific components of the energy-momentum tensor, we investigate momentum densities, flux of inertia, and stress distribution in momentum space, revealing important physical information from higher-twist transverse-momentum distributions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bocheng Ding, Ruichang Wu, Yunfei Feng, Xiaojing Liu
Summary: In this study, the dissociation dynamics of O-2 molecules were investigated using a high-resolution energy-resolved electron-ion coincidence experimental setup. By analyzing the energy correlation, multiple dissociation channels were identified, and the complex dissociation channels of the spectator Auger final states were explained by the presence of Rydberg electrons.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Eun Som Jeon, Hongjun Choi, Ankita Shukla, Pavan Turaga
Summary: Knowledge distillation is a method that uses a pre-trained model with a large capacity to train a smaller model, resulting in lightweight and memory efficient models. Recent variations of knowledge distillation have studied the use of activation maps from intermediate layers as the source of knowledge. Based on the observation that higher-capacity models learn richer feature activation, this study leverages the teacher's ability to accurately distinguish between positive and negative areas. A new loss function called angular margin-based distillation (AMD) loss is proposed, which enhances the feature distribution on a hypersphere using angular distances and an angular margin. The proposed method shows advantages in compatibility with other learning techniques and is evaluated on various student-teacher network pairs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sichao Du, Hao Xie, Juxin Yin, Yunlei Sun, Qiuting Wang, Hong Liu, Wei Qi, Chunfeng Cai, Gang Bi, Duo Xiao, Wenchao Chen, Xiaoyan Shen, Wen-Yan Yin, Rongkun Zheng
Summary: The capability of graphene to generate hot electrons is experimentally demonstrated in Bernal stacking sequence nano-graphite films, showing a strong correlation between the layer number and hot electron scattering. This enables the spectral coverage of hot electrons from mid-infrared to near-infrared energy levels, leading to a high density of populated hot electrons for mid-infrared photodetection. The thickness dependence electron thermalization property of the graphitic material provides a way to design ultrafast and sensitive mid-infrared photodetectors.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Louis Minion, Jason W. L. Lee, Michael Burt
Summary: This report presents a model for predicting gas-phase molecular structures using laser-induced Coulomb explosions. The model establishes the neutral equilibrium geometry through electronic structure calculations and samples a probability distribution of ground-state configurations by considering vibrational motion. By analyzing simulated ion trajectories, it is found that the angular distributions of Coulomb explosion fragments from highly-charged ions largely depend on the internal motion of the target molecule.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hans Rabus, Philine Hepperle, Christoph Schlueter, Andrei Hloskovsky, Woon Yong Baek
Summary: The electron emission spectra of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) after photon interaction were measured to provide reference data for Monte Carlo radiation-transport simulations. The experiments were conducted using the HAXPES spectrometer at the PETRA III high-brilliance beamline P22 at DESY, Germany. The study focused on AuNPs samples with different diameters on carbon foils.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. V. Rodina, E. L. Ivchenko
Summary: We have developed a theory to describe the Raman scattering of localized resident electrons and holes, as well as nonequilibrium localized excitons in semiconductor perovskite crystals. We examined various scattering mechanisms involving localized excitons, biexcitons, and exciton polaritons, including the spin-flip Raman scattering by polaritons. The derived equations allow for the analysis of the scattering efficiency dependence on the polarization of the incident and scattered light, as well as the orientation of the external magnetic field.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arved C. Dorst, Rasika E. A. Dissanayake, Daniel Schauermann, Sofie Knies, Alec M. Wodtke, Daniel R. Killelea, Tim Schaefer
Summary: This study presents velocity-resolved desorption experiments of recombinatively-desorbing oxygen from Ag (111). We combine molecular beam techniques, ion imaging, and temperature-programmed desorption to obtain translational energy distributions of desorbing O-2. The translational energy distributions of O-2 are shifted towards hyperthermal energies indicating desorption from an intermediate activated molecular chemisorption state.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bas M. Bavelaar, Lei Song, Mark R. Jackson, Sarah Able, Ole Tietz, Irini Skaripa-Koukelli, Philip A. Waghorn, Martin R. Gill, Robert C. Carlisle, Madalena Tarsounas, Katherine A. Vallis
Summary: In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used to enhance cellular uptake of oligonucleotides targeting telomerase. The addition of Tat to AuNPs increased nuclear localization and induced DNA double-strand breaks in telomerase-positive cells. In-111-Match-AuNP-Tat shows promise as a vector for delivering radionuclides to cancer cells while sensitizing them to the effects of emitted radiation.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Toma Fistos, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: This review paper critically discusses the possibilities of using inorganic nanomaterials and recipes for the conservation of organic cultural heritage objects, as well as the related protection mechanisms, application methods, and future prospects.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sorin Marius Avramescu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Roxana Ioana Brazdis, Angel Vasile Nica, Claudia Butean, Elena Alina Olaru, Sorin Ulinici, Marian Nicolae Verziu, Anca Dumitru
Summary: Nanosystems TiO2-MexOy showed efficient catalytic ozonation performance in removing paracetamol from water, reducing the risk of this drug to aquatic ecosystems. The process was also simplified by avoiding the need for catalyst separation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anda Maria Baroi, Mircea Popitiu, Irina Fierascu, Ionela-Daniela Sardarescu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: Wine production waste contains bioactive compounds that are beneficial to human health and can be used as raw materials in other industries. This study critically discusses the extraction methods of bioactive compounds from wine waste and their beneficial effects on human health.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gabriela Petrisor, Denisa Ficai, Ludmila Motelica, Roxana Doina Trusca, Alexandra Catalina Birca, Bogdan Stefan Vasile, Georgeta Voicu, Ovidiu Cristian Oprea, Augustin Semenescu, Anton Ficai, Mircea Ionut Popitiu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Elena Lacramioara Radu, Lilia Matei, Laura Denisa Dragu, Ioana Madalina Pitica, Mihaela Economescu, Coralia Bleotu
Summary: This study developed two types of support materials with a mesoporous structure and loaded them with gallic acid. The results showed that loading gallic acid significantly reduced the specific surface area and inhibited gram-negative bacterial strains. Moreover, these materials may be useful for the recovery of gut microbiota after antibiotic exposure.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Camelia Ungureanu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: In recent years, new methods of nanoparticle preparation have emerged by substituting traditional reagents with plant extracts. Cruciferous vegetable extracts, for example, can be used to obtain new bio-nano coatings. This review critically discusses the application of cruciferous waste in nanotechnological applications and serves as a starting point for researchers interested in implementing this sustainable approach in the industry.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alina Paunescu, Liliana Cristina Soare, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Cristina Florina Mihaescu, Lucica Tofan, Cristina Maria Ponepal
Summary: This study investigates the impact of temperature changes on the toxic action of Actara 25 WG insecticide in Prussian carp and marsh frog. The results show that intoxicated carp experienced decreased oxygen consumption and increased respiratory rhythm, particularly at room temperature. The histopathology of frog lungs revealed significant changes, such as thickening of the conjunctival septum and an increase in mucous cells, especially in the animals kept at higher temperature.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Camelia Ungureanu, Gratiela Teodora Tihan, Roxana Gabriela Zgarian, Irina Fierascu, Anda Maria Baroi, Silviu Raileanu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: Nowadays, the importance of quality control and food safety is emphasized. Issues with food quality not only affect the industry, but also consumers and society, leading to economic losses, changes in product quality, and posing health risks to consumers. Therefore, the development of rapid analytical systems for assessing the sanitary quality of food products, particularly the detection of pathogenic microorganisms, is crucial. Utilizing efficient and environmentally friendly detection systems to identify and convert pathogens into food waste can enhance agri-food quality throughout the entire food chain. This review paper explores the use of metal nanoparticles, especially those synthesized through green chemistry methods, as bio nanosensors in addressing these challenges. Furthermore, the potential applications of phytosynthesized nanoparticles in other biosensing areas are also discussed, highlighting the need for further exploration.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ioana Catalina Fierascu, Irina Fierascu, Anda Maria Baroi, Camelia Ungureanu, Alina Ortan, Sorin Marius Avramescu, Raluca Somoghi, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Cristina Elena Dinu-Parvu
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of extraction method and extract concentration on the properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Echinacea pupurea L. extracts. The results showed that nanoparticles synthesized with low-concentration alcohol extract had the smallest size and exhibited enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial effects.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Toma Fistos, Irina Fierascu, Mihaela Doni, Irina Elena Chican, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: Researchers have shown interest in protecting ancient stone monuments and objects in recent decades and have made efforts to develop polymeric materials for the restoration and conservation of stone materials of cultural heritage importance. This paper presents a critical discussion on potential polymeric materials, recent advances, and future development perspectives.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Kosuke Sato, Shunsuke Sato, Shunsuke Nozawa, Sunghee Lee, Ryo Fukaya, Hironobu Fukuzawa, Daehyun You, Shu Saito, Tsukasa Takanashi, Tetsuo Katayama, Tadashi Togashi, Takamasa Nonaka, Kazuhiko Dohmae, Shin-ichi Adachi, Kiyoshi Ueda, Makina Yabashi, Takeshi Morikawa, Ryoji Asahi
Summary: The visible-light excitation process in a known CO2-reduction photocatalyst was investigated using TR-XANES spectroscopy. Ultrafast intersystem crossing and the excited state lifetime of the metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer state were observed.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Diana Elena Vizitiu, Daniela Ionela Sardarescu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Liliana Cristina Soare, Camelia Ungureanu, Elena Cocuta Buciumeanu, Ionela Catalina Guta, Letitia Mariana Pandelea
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of an alcoholic extract of Dryopteris filix-mas and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the extract on grapevine pathogens. The field experiments and biochemical analyses reveal the protective effects of these green recipes against the pathogens and demonstrate their potential biostimulant effects on grapevine growth.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ioana Catalina Gifu, Raluca Ianchis, Cristina Lavinia Nistor, Cristian Petcu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu
Summary: The continuous degradation of cultural heritage artifacts requires the continuous development of protection strategies, technologies, and materials. Polyelectrolytes have been proven effective in fighting against degradation and conserving heritage objects. This review focuses on the key developments in the use of polyelectrolytes for the preservation, consolidation, and cleaning of various heritage artifacts, including stone, metal, and organic materials like paper, leather, wood, and textiles. The state of the art in this field and future perspectives are presented.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anda Maria Baroi, Elwira Sieniawska, Lukasz Swiatek, Irina Fierascu
Summary: In the past decade, researchers have focused on recycling agro-food wastes to produce valuable products, including nanomaterials with practical applications. This eco-friendly trend involves using plant wastes to replace hazardous chemical substances for the green synthesis of nanomaterials. This paper critically discusses the recovery methods of active compounds from plant wastes, particularly grape waste, and the versatile applications of nanomaterials obtained from by-products, including healthcare uses. It also addresses the challenges and future perspectives in this field.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kilian Fehre, Nikolay M. Novikovskiy, Sven Grundmann, Gregor Kastirke, Sebastian Eckart, Florian Trinter, Jonas Rist, Alexander Hartung, Daniel Trabert, Christian Janke, Martin Pitzer, Stefan Zeller, Florian Wiegandt, Miriam Weller, Max Kircher, Giammarco Nalin, Max Hofmann, Lothar Ph H. Schmidt, Andre Knie, Andreas Hans, Ltaief Ben Ltaief, Arno Ehresmann, Robert Berger, Hironobu Fukuzawa, Kiyoshi Ueda, Horst Schmidt-Boecking, Joshua B. Williams, Till Jahnke, Reinhard Doerner, Philipp Demekhin, Markus S. Schoeffler
Summary: X-ray and electron diffraction are powerful tools for determining the structure of molecules, especially in the gas phase. By combining different methods and techniques, we can obtain information about the structure, handedness, and geometry of molecules.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Akinobu Niozu, Hironobu Fukuzawa, Toru Hagiya, Akifumi Yamamoto, Daehyun You, Shu Saito, Yudai Ishimura, Tadashi Togashi, Shigeki Owada, Kensuke Tono, Makina Yabashi, Shin-ichi Wada, Kazuhiro Matsuda, Kiyoshi Ueda, Kiyonobu Nagaya
Summary: The dynamics of nanoplasma produced by intense near-infrared pulse were investigated using time-resolved soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The study revealed transient evolution of the electronic states of atoms and ions during plasma formation and disintegration, supporting the two-step fragmentation mechanism of laser-heated clusters.
