Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Venkatesha Narayanaswamy, Jayalakshmi Jagal, Hafsa Khurshid, Imaddin A. A. Al-Omari, Mohamed Haider, Alexander S. S. Kamzin, Ihab M. M. Obaidat, Bashar Issa
Summary: Magnetically soft-soft MnFe2O4-Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized and their magnetic and thermal properties were studied. The results showed that the shell thickness had no significant effect on the magnetic properties, while the interface spin freezing between the shell and core played an important role. These nanoparticles have potential applications in cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
R. A. Baulin, M. A. Andreeva, L. Haggstrom, V. E. Asadchikov, B. S. Roshchin, A. Chumakov, D. Bessas, R. Ruffer
Summary: Polarization analysis was conducted in Mossbauer reflectivity measurements using a Synchrotron Mossbauer Source, demonstrating the ability to exclude nonresonant electronic scattering by selecting specific polarization components. This approach enhances data interpretation accuracy and provides valuable information about the depth position and classification of ferromagnetic structures.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tzu-Chuan Hsin, Hung-Yi Lin, Yu-Lon Lin, Jing-Wen Chen, Yuan-Chieh Tseng
Summary: Memristor is an increasingly important research field for in-memory computing (IMC) due to its significant potential in neuromorphic computing. This study demonstrates a Pt/Co/NiO device that exhibits multilevel perpendicular exchange bias (EB) with resistive switching (RS) behaviors. The multilevel RS is achieved by modulating the conductive filament (CF) size and distribution at the Co-NiO interface.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Venkatesha Narayanaswamy, Imaddin A. Al-Omari, Aleksandr S. Kamzin, Bashar Issa, Ihab M. Obaidat
Summary: Magnetically hard-soft core-shell ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using an organometallic decomposition method. The magnetic properties and magnetic heating efficiency for magnetic hyperthermia applications were investigated, and it was found that the core-shell structure exhibited superior performance.
Article
Physics, Applied
O. T. L. Traistaru, P. Shyam, M. Christensen, S. P. Madsen
Summary: Permanent magnets based on ferrites are being studied as alternatives to rare-earth-based magnets due to their large crystalline anisotropy and the possibility of enhancing their saturation magnetization through exchange-coupling with a compatible soft magnetic material. The optimal conditions for maximum energy product in ferrite-based exchange-coupled magnets are determined using analytical calculations, finite element modeling, and experimental measurements. The results show that the alignment of hard grains and the amount of soft material play important roles in achieving high energy product.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Adriano Verna, Raffaella Capelli, Luca Pasquali
Summary: The resonant soft X-ray reflectivity technique is extensively used in the study of magnetic low-dimensional systems, particularly in investigating magnetization at buried interfaces and identifying single elemental contributions to magnetism. Major applications include magnetic proximity effects, thin films of transition metals and related oxides, and exchange-bias systems. The theoretical background leading to dichroism effects in reflectivity is also briefly outlined.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Junaid Ul Ahsan, Harkirat Singh
Summary: In this study, we investigate the Exchange spring nano-bilayer with intermixing of high and low anisotropic moments at the interface and observe the unusual phenomenon of positive exchange bias. Our results show good reproducibility at different simulation temperatures. However, the temperature itself has a significant influence on the shift and width of the M-H loop. We further explain the importance of interface roughness in causing the shift of the Hysteresis loop in Ferromagnetic Hard/Soft nano bilayer systems.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. K. Syamlal, Neha Gupta, Hari Prasanth Perumal, Dileep Kumar, Mukul Gupta, Pooja Gupta, Jaivardhan Sinha
Summary: This study investigates the effect of annealing on the structural and magnetic properties of Ta/CoFeB/TaOx thin film heterostructure. They found that annealing improves the interface quality, enhances the saturation magnetization and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, and the thickness of the Ta spacer layer and annealing temperature play a crucial role in controlling the interface quality.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jiangtao Feng, Qiushi Huang, Runze Qi, Andrey Sokolov, Mewael Sertsu, Xiaowei Yang, Zhong Zhang, Zhanshan Wang
Summary: A Co/Mg multilayer with optimized composition and structure was developed for high reflectivity in the broad soft x-ray range. The interface widths and ordered polycrystalline structure of the multilayers were significantly improved by using a higher Co sputtering power.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Eliot Gann, Thomas Crofts, Glenn Holland, Peter Beaucage, Terry McAfee, R. Joseph Kline, Brian A. Collins, Christopher R. McNeill, Daniel A. Fischer, Dean M. DeLongchamp
Summary: This article introduces a polarized resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSoXS) station designed and built by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, located at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II) in Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York. The station is optimized for measurements on soft matter systems, with a focus on minimizing beam damage and maximizing collection efficiency of polarized x-rays, utilizing novel optical design, sample manipulator and sample environments, and detector setups.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroto Masuda, Takeshi Seki, Yuta Yamane, Rajkumar Modak, Ken-ichi Uchida, Jun'ichi Ieda, Yong-Chang Lau, Shunsuke Fukami, Koki Takanashi
Summary: This paper investigates the role of antisymmetric interlayer exchange coupling (AIEC) in the magnetization switching of a synthetic antiferromagnet and identifies key factors through experimental and theoretical analysis. The results demonstrate that perpendicular magnetization switching can be achieved solely by applying an in-plane magnetic field.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhi Yang, Yuanyuan Chen, Weiqiang Liu, Yatao Wang, Yuqing Li, Dongtao Zhang, Qingmei Lu, Qiong Wu, Hongguo Zhang, Ming Yue
Summary: This study investigates the magnetic properties of exchange-coupled magnets, focusing on the effects of soft magnetic shell thickness and the aspect ratio of the hard magnetic core. It is found that the contributions of shape anisotropy to the magnetic properties are closely related to the thickness of the soft magnetic shell. Utilizing shape anisotropy can be an effective method to improve the magnetic performance of hard-soft exchange-coupled magnets.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vitaly Bruchmann-Bamberg, Isabell Weimer, Vladimir Roddatis, Ulrich Ross, Leonard Schueler, Karen P. Stroh, Vasily Moshnyaga
Summary: In this study, superlattices comprising LSMO and LMCO layers were grown on SrTiO3 substrates using a metalorganic aerosol deposition technique. Exchange spring magnetic behavior was observed between the LSMO and LMCO layers, with LSMO layers undergoing a spin reorientation transition below 260 K. The superlattices exhibited extremely low thermal conductivity, which showed a peculiar dependence on the applied in-plane magnetic field. Furthermore, positive and negative magnetoresistance were observed in the superlattices due to the formation of Neel domain walls within the exchange spring magnetic structure when applying in-plane magnetic fields.
Review
Physics, Condensed Matter
Wenkai Zhong, Feng Liu, Cheng Wang
Summary: Small angle scattering methodologies have evolved rapidly in response to the increasing demands for details on complex nanostructures of soft materials, with element-specific and contrast variation techniques routinely used to extract chemical composition and spatial arrangement of constituent elements. Advances in resonant scattering approaches have demonstrated the ability to decipher higher levels of structural complexity correlated to functionality, while further development of resonant x-ray scattering instrumentation will enable improved spatial and temporal resolution in characterizing system dynamics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Deepak John Mukkattukavil, Johan Hellsvik, Anirudha Ghosh, Evanthia Chatzigeorgiou, Elisabetta Nocerino, Qisi Wang, Karin von Arx, Shih-Wen Huang, Victor Ekholm, Zakir Hossain, Arumugum Thamizhavel, Johan Chang, Martin Mansson, Lars Nordstrom, Conny Sathe, Marcus Agaker, Jan-Erik Rubensson, Yasmine Sassa
Summary: X-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectra of LaPt2Si2 single crystal at the Si 2p and La 4d edges reveal that the Si spectra are described in terms of Si s and d local partial density of states, while the La spectra are due to quasi-atomic local 4f excitations. Calculations show that Pt d-LPDOS dominates the occupied states, and a sharp localized La f state is found in the unoccupied states, in line with the observations.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nirjhar Bhattacharyya, Uttpal Anand, Ravi Kumar, Mimosa Ghorai, Tariq Aftab, Niraj Kumar Jha, Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Jochen Bundschuh, Elza Bontempi, Abhijit Dey
Summary: The use of CRISPR technology allows for the modification of plants to better remediate soil contaminated with toxic metals. This technique has been successfully applied to various crops and has identified genes related to metal absorption and tolerance. However, the efficacy of CRISPR technology is influenced by multiple factors.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tamal Chowdhury, Hemal Chowdhury, Elza Bontempi, Mario Coccia, Hasan Masrur, Sadiq M. Sait, Tomonobu Senjyu
Summary: This study finds that hosting the Tokyo Summer Olympics did not lead to an increase in COVID-19 cases in Japan. The transmission dynamics were mainly driven by population density, similar to other large cities in Japan. The study provides evidence that hosting mega sporting events is safe during the pandemic if strict non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical infection control measures are maintained. The successful implementation of preventive measures during the Tokyo Summer Olympics will serve as an example for future international events.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
E. Martin, S. Grenier, S. Barre, G. Versini, N. Blanc, N. Boudet, F. Roulland, G. Pourroy, N. Viart, C. Lefevre
Summary: CoFe2-xGdxO4 (x = 0, 0.2) thin films with a thickness of about 70 nm were grown on (001) MgO substrates using pulsed laser deposition and a controlled O2/N2 deposition pressure. Resonant elastic X-Ray scattering experiments confirmed the insertion of Gd cations in the spinel cell. Unlike expectations, the Gd cations not only occupied the octahedral sites but surprisingly also partly occupied the tetrahedral sites. However, the insertion of the rare earth element prevented the occurrence of the auxetic behavior observed in the undoped samples. The study sheds new light on the parameters controlling auxetic behavior in CFO thin films and highlights the insufficient condition of Co cations' location in the tetrahedral sites.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Bailly, P. Bouvier, S. Grenier, T. Hajlaoui, M. Gaudin, A. Y. Ramos, M. Chaker, L. Laversenne
Summary: We investigated the effect of boron doping on the functional and structural properties of VO2 thin films grown on Al2O3(0001). Boron insertion reduced the transition temperature and broadened the hysteresis loop, while slightly decreasing the resistivity contrast. The increase in boron concentration also resulted in the formation of two different epitaxial relationships in the VO2 films and the presence of a transient M2 phase in the highest doped sample.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Avelino Nunez-Delgado, Zhien Zhang, Elza Bontempi, Mario Coccia, Marco Race, Yaoyu Zhou
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Elsayed Mousa, Xianfeng Hu, Ludvig Annhagen, Guozhu Ye, Antonella Cornelio, Ario Fahimi, Elza Bontempi, Patrizia Frontera, Charlotte Badenhorst, Ana Claudia Santos, Karen Moreira, Alexandra Guedes, Bruno Valentim
Summary: This paper reports on the characterization of two grades of black mass from spent lithium-ion batteries and their behavior during heating trials. The study provides important insights for optimizing lithium-ion battery recycling processes by fully characterizing black mass samples before and after heating.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Kovacs, Johann Fischbacher, Harald Oezelt, Alexander Kornell, Qais Ali, Markus Gusenbauer, Masao Yano, Noritsugu Sakuma, Akihito Kinoshita, Tetsuya Shoji, Akira Kato, Yuan Hong, Stephane Grenier, Thibaut Devillers, Nora M. M. Dempsey, Tetsuya Fukushima, Hisazumi Akai, Naoki Kawashima, Takashi Miyake, Thomas Schrefl
Summary: Rare-earth elements like neodymium, terbium and dysprosium are crucial for green-energy technologies. To address supply risk, machine-learning techniques were applied to design magnets with reduced neodymium content and without terbium and dysprosium. The performance of the magnet for electric motors was preserved.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroki Ueda, Mirian Garcia-Fernandez, Stefano Agrestini, Carl P. Romao, Jeroen van den Brink, Nicola A. Spaldin, Ke-Jin Zhou, Urs Staub
Summary: The concept of chirality plays a crucial role in various natural phenomena. Recent studies in condensed matter physics have revealed the existence of chiral fermions and their connection to emergent phenomena and topology. However, experimental verification of chiral phonons in macroscopic systems remains challenging. In this study, we provide experimental evidence of chiral phonons using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with circularly polarized X-rays. By studying the chiral material quartz, we demonstrate that circularly polarized X-rays couple to chiral phonons at specific positions in reciprocal space, allowing for the determination of the chiral dispersion of lattice modes. This experimental proof of chiral phonons introduces a new degree of freedom in condensed matter physics, with both fundamental importance and potential for exploring novel emergent phenomena based on chiral bosons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hebatalla Elnaggar, Abhishek Nag, Maurits W. Haverkort, Mirian Garcia-Fernandez, Andrew Walters, Ru-Pan Wang, Ke-Jin Zhou, Frank de Groot
Summary: In this study, the observation of triple-magnon excitation in alpha-Fe2O3 challenges the conventional wisdom that only 1- and 2-magnon excitations are possible in a resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiment. The researchers demonstrate how a two-photon scattering process can generate exotic higher-rank magnons and discuss the relevance of these quasiparticles for magnon-based applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lichen Wang, Guanhong He, Zichen Yang, Mirian Garcia-Fernandez, Abhishek Nag, Kejin Zhou, Matteo Minola, Matthieu Le Tacon, Bernhard Keimer, Yingying Peng, Yuan Li
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Giada Biava, Annalisa Zacco, Alessandra Zanoletti, Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino, Claudia Capone, Antonio Princigallo, Laura Eleonora Depero, Elza Bontempi
Summary: The direct aqueous carbonation of steel slag and cement kiln dust was explored in a new pressurized reactor, aiming to identify optimal reaction conditions and promising by-products for reuse in the construction industry. A synergistic strategy for managing industrial waste and reducing the use of virgin raw materials in Lombardy, Italy, particularly Bergamo-Brescia, was proposed. Initial findings showed promising results, with argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag and black slag producing the best results in terms of CO2 capture efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jaewon Choi, Jiemin Li, Abhishek Nag, Jonathan Pelliciari, Hannah Robarts, Charles C. Tam, Andrew Walters, Stefano Agrestini, Mirian Garcia-Fernandez, Dongjoon Song, Hiroshi Eisaki, Steve Johnston, Riccardo Comin, Hong Ding, Ke-Jin Zhou
Summary: This study reveals the spatial symmetry of charge density waves (CDWs) in copper-oxide superconductors using high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. The experimental results show anisotropic CDW peaks with elliptical shapes in Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+δ, interpreted as evidence of unidirectional charge stripes. This work provides new insights into the symmetry and microscopic description of CDWs in copper-oxide superconductors.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mahalaxmi Iyer, Uttpal Anand, Saranya Thiruvenkataswamy, Harysh Winster Suresh Babu, Arul Narayanasamy, Vijay Kumar Prajapati, Chandan Kumar Tiwari, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan, Elza Bontempi, Christian Sonne, Damia Barcelo, Balachandar Vellingiri
Summary: Carcinogenic metals, particularly chromium (Cr) and its derivatives, including Cr(VI)-induced, have widespread distribution and pose a concern for adverse environmental and human health effects. They cause DNA epigenetic alterations resulting in heritable changes in gene expression. This review discusses the role of Cr(VI) in epigenetic changes, highlighting the importance of considering epigenetics as a possible mechanism underlying Cr(VI) toxicity and cell-transforming ability. More clinical and preventative measures are needed to better understand the toxicity and safeguard employees against cancer.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino, Renato Guimaraes, Bruno Valentim, Elza Bontempi
Summary: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of carbon dioxide sequestration through mineralisation using waste materials. Four different types of ashes and combustion by-products were used, and their impact on the carbonation process was analyzed. The results show that water content and pressure play a significant role in CO2 sequestration during accelerated carbonation.
