Article
Polymer Science
Zuzanna Malyszek, Jacek Lewandowicz, Joanna Le Thanh-Blicharz, Katarzyna Walkowiak, Przemyslaw Lukasz Kowalczewski, Hanna Maria Baranowska
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of physically or chemically modified starch on the molecular dynamics of water using LF NMR, finding that different types of starch modifications affect the stability and emulsifying properties of emulsions, with physically modified starch exhibiting good emulsifying properties while acetylated starch does not exhibit the same properties.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Matthew C. Young, Madison L. Nelson, Dylan S. Cousins, David B. Hodge, Joseph D. Seymour
Summary: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is used to directly measure water adsorption in anatomical fractions of corn stover. Multiple water populations are observed and varied with anatomical fraction and water adsorption. NMR relaxation time measurements are used to calculate thermodynamic properties and determine adsorption interaction strength. The ratio of T-1/T-2 provides information about the surface energy and surface diffusive mobility of the water adsorbate.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sumaiya Shomaji, Naren Vikram Raj Masna, David Ariando, Shubhra Deb Paul, Kelsey Horace-Herron, Domenic Forte, Soumyajit Mandal, Swarup Bhunia
Summary: Dyeing vegetables with harmful compounds has become a concerning public health issue in recent years, as excessive consumption of dyed vegetables can lead to severe health hazards such as cancer. This study validates the presence and quantity of dye-based adulteration in vegetables using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, and proposes a low-cost detection method that can be used in various stages of the produce supply chain.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mateusz Mazelanik, Adam Leszczynski, Tomasz Szawello, Michal Parniak
Summary: The authors propose and demonstrate an optical method to probe spin resonances and reconstruct the 3D structure of an atomic ensemble's coherence based on a single measurement of a two-photon Raman transition. This technique allows for the reconstruction of complex 3D coherence profiles and has the potential to be used in magnetometry, electrometry, and imaging of electromagnetic fields.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ericky C. A. Araujo, Benjamin Marty, Pierre G. Carlier, Pierre-Yves Baudin, Harmen Reyngoudt
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the multiexponential behavior of water T2-relaxation in the skeletal muscle of NMD patients to identify more sensitive and specific biomarkers of disease activity. Results showed that T2-spectra provided more sensitive and specific markers of disease presence compared to T2-mono, allowing for distinguishing between different types of NMD patients.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jonathan Cali, Weiguo Hu, Everett Kysor, Olaf Kohlmann
Summary: The aging behavior of polypropylene random copolymer (PP-RCP) reactor powder samples was studied using NMR relaxometry, revealing an increase in crystallinity and a decrease in segmental mobility of the interfacial phase during aging. There was a strong correlation between the population of the amorphous component and the T-2 relaxation time of the interfacial component, potentially due to secondary crystallization of the gamma form on the lateral surface of the scaffold crystallites during ambient temperature aging.
Article
Polymer Science
Stepan A. Ostanin, Maxim Mokeev, Vjacheslav V. Zuev
Summary: The domain size of rigid domains in multiblock copolymers was investigated and found to be mainly influenced by the presence of interpenetrating segments of soft blocks.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dion G. Thomas, Yu-Chieh Tzeng, Petrik Galvosas, Freya G. Harrison, Mary J. Berry, Paul D. Teal, Sean D. Galvin, Sergei I. Obruchkov
Summary: Objective: A single-sided magnet system is developed for measuring Magnetic Resonance relaxation and diffusion parameters. Methods: This system uses an array of permanent magnets to optimize magnet positions and produce a homogeneous B-0 magnetic field that can project into a sample. Results: The magnet produces a 0.2 T field and can measure T-1, T-2, and ADC parameters. In-vivo studies show its potential for non-invasive measurements in the brain, such as monitoring T-2 during cerebral hypoxia.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Neil Robinson, Razyq Nasharuddin, Ganhua Luo, Andy Fourie, Einar O. Fridjonsson, Michael L. Johns
Summary: The study used H-1 NMR T-1-T-2 correlation measurements to investigate the hydration behavior of CPB samples, revealing complex and rapidly evolving hierarchical pore networks. Relaxation peaks were assigned to a combination of pore water populations and pore-to-pore exchange dynamics with the aid of additional relaxation-exchange correlation measurements. The hydration behavior of hypersaline and tap-water-hydrated materials were further discussed in terms of observed exchange processes and evolving pore surface chemistry.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongqiang Li, Yi Xiao, Quan Tao, Mengmeng Yu, Li Zheng, Siwei Yang, Guqiao Ding, Hui Dong, Xiaoming Xie
Summary: A magnetic sensor utilizing magnetic graphene quantum dots and fluoride anions for ultra-sensitive detection was developed in this study, with an optimized method achieving a detection limit of 10 nmol/L. The key factors responsible for the change in relaxation time of magnetic GQDs in the presence of fluoride ions were revealed, indicating important implications for the development of magnetic probes and contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fabio Carniato, Marco Ricci, Lorenzo Tei, Francesca Garello, Chiara Furlan, Enzo Terreno, Enrico Ravera, Giacomo Parigi, Claudio Luchinat, Mauro Botta
Summary: This article describes nanogels based on a chitosan matrix stabilized by a Mn-t-CDTA bisamide derivative. These nanogels are proposed as an alternative to less stable paramagnetic nanogels obtained by electrostatic interactions. The novel nanogels have improved relaxivity values, high stability, good extravasation and accumulation, and high T-1 contrast in tumors. These properties make them promising MRI probes for in vitro and in vivo preclinical applications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel Becher, Anne Lichtinger, Rafael Minikejew, Michael Vogel, Ernst A. Rossler
Summary: This article discusses the universality and specificity of molecular dynamics in the glass transition of liquids, comparing results from different experimental methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements show that translation is more retarded than rotation in liquids with fully established hydrogen-bond networks. NMR susceptibilities of the structural relaxation resemble light scattering, while the dielectric spectra of polar liquids have different broadening. NMR measurements confirm the characteristic feature of the alpha-relaxation near the glass transition. NMR is advantageous in selectively studying specific molecular entities or components of liquid mixtures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
P. Conte, V Ferro
Summary: The study uses Fast Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to analyze hydrological connectivity inside the soil, showing that soil structure and texture influence connectivity, with high structural connectivity corresponding to better functional connectivity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Benjamin Henninger, Michaela Plaikner, Heinz Zoller, Andre Viveiros, Stephan Kannengiesser, Werner Jaschke, Christian Kremser
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using a 3D-multiecho-Dixon sequence and its improved version for MR quantification of hepatic iron, showing both sequences to be reliable and comparable to established relaxometry methods.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naoki Tanifuji, Takeshi Shimizu, Hirofumi Yoshikawa, Miki Tanaka, Kosuke Nishio, Kentaro Ida, Akihiro Shimizu, Yukio Hasebe
Summary: This study explores the application of eggshell membranes in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, aiming to develop cheaper and more eco-friendly options. The findings demonstrate that by using eggshell membranes as proton-conductive material, electricity can be generated, leading to cost reduction and further improvement of fuel cells.
Article
Forestry
Robin Adey-Johnson, J. Paul Mclean, Jan Van den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Peter J. McDonald
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
David A. Faux, Mayank Shah, Christopher Knapp
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Peter J. McDonald, Ors Istok, Magdalena Janota, Agata M. Gajewicz-Jaromin, David A. Faux
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Robert Schulte Holthausen, Peter J. McDonald
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
David A. Faux, Janet Godolphin
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
David A. Faux, Janet Godolphin
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of digital computation in scientific endeavors and university physics education, discussing the categorization of issues in floating-point representation and their impact on the accuracy of scientific results. Suggestions are made for curriculum enhancement and project-style investigations suitable for undergraduate physics students to reinforce learning in this area.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Peter J. McDonald, Miryea N. Borg, David A. Faux
Summary: A lattice Boltzmann modelling framework is described for exploring water sorption in cement, coupled to a dynamic model of cement hydrate microstructure. The first simulations using the model show good qualitative agreement with experimental results in extracting transport and microstructural relaxation parameters. Limitations of the methodology are discussed.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
David A. Faux, Arifah A. Rahaman, Peter J. McDonald
Summary: A probability density function describing the angular evolution of a fixed-length atom-atom vector as a Le 'vy rotor is derived with the Levy parameter alpha and a rotational time constant tau. Molecular dynamics simulation of water validates the function for intramolecular 1H-1H dynamics, showing that water's rotational dynamics are approximately Brownian at short time intervals and become increasingly anomalous at longer intervals due to hydrogen-bond breaking. The Levy rotor model estimates that intramolecular contribution to the longitudinal NMR relaxation rate R1,intra accounts for 65% 17% of water's overall relaxation rate at room temperature.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Remi Kogon, David Faux
Summary: The analysis of Fast Field Cycling-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance dispersion curves provides fundamental information about the dynamics of fluid protons within a confined environment and the structure of porous media. A software called 3TM, based on the 3-Tau model, is developed to facilitate the comparison of different models and promote its application in various types of porous media.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mihai M. Rusu, David Faux, Ioan Ardelean
Summary: The hydration process of Portland cement, specifically the induction period, is not fully understood. To contribute to the understanding of this process, the hydration of two cement samples (simple cement paste and calcium nitrate-containing paste) was compared using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry techniques. The results showed that the capillary pore water is not consumed during the induction period and that the presence of calcium nitrate shortens this stage. Furthermore, the surface-to-volume ratio of the capillary pores continuously increases, even during the induction period, and this increase is faster in the presence of calcium nitrate. The desorption time of water molecules from the surface also increases in the presence of calcium nitrate.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Remi Kogon, David Faux, Ali Assifaoui, Philippe Bodart
Summary: Fast field cycling (FFC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is used to study an anisotropic polygalacturonate hydrogel formed by the diffusion of calcium ions from an external reservoir. The NMR relaxation process is dominated by the interaction of proton spins between water molecules located at polymer interfaces and in nanoporous spaces. FFC NMR experiment provides dispersion (NMRD) curves that are highly sensitive to the dynamics of the protons at the surfaces.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
David A. Faux, Ors Istok, Arifah A. Rahaman, Peter J. McDonald, Eoin McKiernan, Dermot F. Brougham
Summary: A Brownian shell model is proposed to describe the random rotational motion of a uniform particle density spherical shell, and it is validated by molecular dynamics simulations. The model is applied to proton spin rotation in aqueous paramagnetic ion complexes, and an expression for the Larmor-frequency-dependent nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation rate T1-1(co) is obtained. The Brownian shell model significantly improves existing particle-particle dipolar models without adding complexity, allowing for fits to experimental T-1 1(co) dispersion curves without arbitrary scaling parameters.