Article
Environmental Sciences
Vladimir A. Lekhov, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Kamil Nesetril
Summary: Diffusion coefficients for Na+ were measured in low-permeability samples from the deep disposal site of SCC using end-diffusion technique. The results showed a nonlinear decrease in tortuosity with decreasing porosity, and the measured diffusion coefficients were consistent with pore-scale diffusion simulation of microtomography data.
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Ali Abdallah, Eric Vincens, Helene Magoariec, Christophe Picault
Summary: This study compares two numerical approaches, dry and wet, for modeling filtration processes in granular filters using the discrete element method. The wet filtration approach generates higher tortuosity and lower retention coefficient compared to the dry filtration approach, depending on the grading and porosity of the filter. An enhanced dry filtration model is also proposed, which mimics the results of the wet filtration model more accurately.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Richard Harwood, Guillaume Theroux-Rancourt, Margaret M. Barbour
Summary: The study compares a geometric method with a random walk approach for analyzing molecule transportation within leaves, demonstrating the superiority of the random walk method in investigating CO2 and H2O transport. The results show that tortuosity is higher in the palisade mesophyll than the spongy mesophyll, with horizontal tortuosity consistently higher than vertical tortuosity.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yasuyuki Kusaka, Khiev Kimnannara, Masayoshi Koutake, Shinya Kano, Hiromitsu Furukawa, Nobuko Fukuda
Summary: This study presents nanoparticle-based, high-resolution patternable ionogels for printed solid-state ionic devices. By incorporating an ionic liquid into a spherical silica nanoparticle suspension, a quasi-solid ionogel layer compatible with reverse-offset printing with a spatial resolution of approximately 5 μm was achieved. The optimized ink formulations allowed for successful patterning with a saturation up to 102%.
FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Youzheng Qi, Yuxin Wu
Summary: The conduction mechanism of clayey rocks and soils is influenced by variations in the electrical double layer and the intrinsic clay-and-water conduction pattern, resulting in a non-linear feature. By applying effective medium theory, an easy-to-use non-linear model has been developed that reflects electrochemical theories and explains measurement data well.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siyuan Qiang, Xiaoqing Shi, Andre Revil, Xueyuan Kang, Yuanyuan Liu, Jichun Wu
Summary: Characterizing residual non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in porous media is crucial for designing contaminated site remediation strategies. The direct current resistivity method, which connects NAPL saturation with porous media resistivity using Archie's second law, is increasingly employed at sites contaminated by NAPLs. Relationships connecting phase morphology with resistivity have also been observed at the pore-scale. However, the applicability of these relationships is limited to porous media with specific wettability. This study investigates the effects of residual NAPL morphology with different wettability on bulk resistivity, providing insights into the physical framework connecting NAPL morphology and wettability with the Archie's saturation exponent.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Maryam Samavaki, Yusuf Oluwatoki Yusuf, Arash Zarrin Nia, Santtu Soderholm, Joonas Lahtinen, Fernando Galaz Prieto, Sampsa Pursiainen
Summary: This study presents a dynamic modeling approach for reconstructing the electrical conductivity atlas of the brain and simulating the effects of cerebral arterial circulation. By coupling the pressure-Poisson equation with Fick's law of diffusion, and using boundary conditions based on the Hagen-Poisseuille model, the researchers were able to estimate the blood pressure in cerebral arteries segmented from MRI data.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huiting Mao, Emmi Felker-Quinn, Barkley Sive, Leiming Zhang, Zhuyun Ye, Hongliang Fang
Summary: This study found a decreasing trend in ozone exposure at Yellowstone National Park and no trend at Grand Teton National Park using different metrics. The traditional method and the Big-leaf model showed discrepancies in estimating high stomatal ozone flux values. A new multivariate function developed through machine learning improved the estimation of stomatal ozone flux variability.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chunsheng Yu, Qi Jiang, Na Su, Lin Chang
Summary: Experimental and mathematical modeling were conducted to estimate the permeability of tight sandstones, with pore structure parameters obtained by micro-CT scanning and image processing. A mathematical model was developed, using hydraulic radius, stereological correction factor, and tortuosity model to predict permeability, based on the effective medium theory. The model was validated with relative errors within +/- 20% against 21 tight sandstone samples, showing an inversely proportional behavior of permeability against the number of small pores due to their little contribution.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2021)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dan Meyerstein
Summary: The Fenton and Fenton-like reactions play a crucial role in oxidative stress and remediation of organic pollutants, potentially generating oxidants other than hydroxyl radicals.
NATURE REVIEWS CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Law
Kenny Chng
Summary: The use of delegated legislation as a governance tool deserves attention due to its significant impact on citizens' lives. This paper explores the possibility of utilizing judicial review as an additional control mechanism to supplement reforms in parliamentary scrutiny. It analyzes the distinctiveness of delegated legislation for judicial review and argues that existing grounds of review are insufficient. Drawing on Irish and US jurisprudence, the paper proposes the non-delegation doctrine and a rule of law-based ground of judicial review for delegated law-making power.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Micah S. Ziegler, Jessika E. Trancik
Summary: Lithium-ion technologies are increasingly used in electrifying transportation and energy storage, showing significant potential for cost reduction and performance improvement. Research indicates that the real price of lithium-ion cells has decreased by about 97% since 1991, with estimates suggesting further declines in the future. The study highlights the potential for advancements in lithium-ion technologies' performance and cost-effectiveness.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ming Tao Wei, Zhi Yang, Xin Wang, Dan Xi Liu, Yu Jie Bai, Rui Yi Guo, Ning Yu, Xi Ling
Summary: In recent years, hip-hop pedagogy (HHBE) has gained attention in the academic and public discourse surrounding hip-hop. However, it has been observed that most definitions of hip-hop pedagogy lack an explanation of the concept of pedagogy itself. This oversight may result in the unintentional dissemination of misinformation or the promotion of unclear thinking when using hip-hop pedagogy in inaccurate or vague ways. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a shared understanding of hip-hop pedagogy. This article presents three updated and expanded definitions of hip-hop pedagogy, aiming to provide educators with a clear understanding and prepare them to utilize data.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yin Chen, Xiao-Yin Pan, Yu-Qi Li
Summary: This study investigates the transmission coefficient of an electron through a quantum point contact in a tilted magnetic field and a crossed electric field. The widely employed Fertig and Halperin model is extended to consider cases where certain conditions are not met, and the effects of electric and magnetic fields on the transmission coefficient are discussed. The study also explores the magnetic effects on the constriction conductance for the extended model.
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Kevin Wallbridge
Summary: Intellectualists argue that knowing how to do something involves understanding that a particular person believes "w" is a way to accomplish that task. Subject-specific intellectualism posits that the key factor is knowing who the specific individual is in a given context. In some cases, ability may be required, while in others it is not necessary.