Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
A. M. Locodi, C. O'Riordan
Summary: In this study, we systematically explore the outcomes of simulations of populations playing the Prisoner's Dilemma. By placing agents on a toroidal lattice and conducting two-player one shot Prisoner's Dilemma with their neighbors, we investigate the effects of transitioning from a square lattice to a rectangular lattice with reduced column height or row width. Our results reveal different outcomes and we categorize and explain the observed phenomena. Additionally, we calculate the potential payoffs for both cooperators and defectors and identify a set of simulations to undertake based on the complete set of possible non-equal payoff relationships.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Liyan Gao, Qiuhui Pan, Mingfeng He
Summary: This study examines the evolutionary process of different defense strategies in a population and finds that advanced defensive cooperators can effectively promote cooperation, while reducing screening costs can improve the level of cooperation.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zi-Ren Wang, Zheng-Hong Deng, Huan-Bo Wang, Yun Qu
Summary: The study shows that moderately overestimating and underestimating reality can enhance cooperation, and having more players with moderate irrational sentiment can promote cooperation. Overestimation and underestimation have different effects on cooperation.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Zheng-Hong Deng, Zi-Ren Wang, Huan-Bo Wang, Yijie Huang
Summary: Informers play a significant role in cooperation behavior by labeling defectors and promoting cooperation. With an increasing proportion of informers, cooperation can be further enhanced, and there is an obvious threshold in the change of informers' proportion.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yimei Yang, Hao Sun, Dongshuang Hou
Summary: This study investigates the influence of negotiation status heterogeneity on cooperation. The results show that a stronger negotiation status leads to higher payoffs for cooperators, but it may also weaken the links between cooperators. Additionally, simulation experiments demonstrate that the efficiency of fostering cooperation decreases as negotiation status heterogeneity increases.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Zi-Ren Wang, Zheng-Hong Deng, Huan-Bo Wang, HuXiong Li Li, X. Fei-Wang
Summary: This study introduces an uneven resource distribution network model to investigate cooperative behavior among players. The findings indicate that defectors may initially occupy resource-rich areas but struggle to survive in hostile environments, while cooperators continue to thrive. Furthermore, cooperative behavior is promoted when resources are substantially depleted.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Zhenyu Shi, Wei Wei, Xiangnan Feng, Ruizhi Zhang, Zhiming Zheng
Summary: Research has shown that combining the Win-Stay-Lose-Learn rule with voluntary participation can significantly promote cooperation under moderate temptation values, but the survival of cooperators is still challenging under high aspiration levels and temptation values. The combination of dynamic aspiration and voluntary participation can greatly promote cooperation and loners can survive and expand stably under high initial aspiration levels. It is important to be aware of adverse structures that may impact the evolutionary process.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Zhang, Si-Yi Wang, Xin-Tao Hu, K. Alfaro-Bittner
Summary: This study presents preliminary experimental evidence on the role of local and global information in networks of repeated Prisoner's dilemma game. The results indicate that agents are more willing to cooperate when they have access to global information or have the option to freely choose between global and local information, while tending to adopt a conservative strategy of defection with only local information.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chao Liu, Hexin Wang, Yu Dai
Summary: Various mechanisms, including aspiration and social influence, have been proposed to promote cooperation in evolutionary games. However, the joint effects of these mechanisms have been overlooked. This study investigates the joint effects of aspiration and social influence on promoting cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma Game (PDG). The simulation results show that both mechanisms are effective at improving cooperation, with aspiration promoting it unconditionally and social influence promoting it conditionally.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiao Fu, Xuesong Liu, Yuhan Hu, Shaoxu Huang
Summary: Individual interactions are accompanied by changes in emotions, which can influence people's decision-making and the evolution of cooperation in groups. It is important to consider how to apply emotions effectively to promote cooperation. However, emotions in interactions are influenced by both internal and external factors, including an individual's own emotions, their acceptance of external emotions, and the impact of external emotions on the individual.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Wen Lu, Shu Liang
Summary: In this paper, a prisoner's dilemma game model is developed with three types of strategies and six types of emotions. The proposed direct emotional interaction mechanism considers memory effect, where a player's favorability serves as an index of emotions that directly impacts payoffs and emotions. Through simulations, it is shown that both direct emotional interaction and memory enhance the competitive advantage of cooperators and individuals with friendly emotions. Furthermore, an increase in the degree of direct emotional interaction leads to an increase in the proportion of friendly groups. The impact of memory on cooperation has a non-monotonic characteristic. Overall, the work contributes to understanding the role of emotional factors in the evolution of social cooperation.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Liyan Gao, Qiuhui Pan, Mingfeng He
Summary: This study proposes an environmental-based defensive game model, which shows that defensive awareness helps cooperators survive in competition, achieve stable coexistence of cooperation and defection, and ultimately reach an evolutionary stable state of full cooperation.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Siyuan Liu, Chunyan Zhang, Kun Li, Jianlei Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the internal motivation for cooperation dilemma and finds that the randomness and heterogeneity of population structure strengthen the fitness of defectors. It also reveals that the cooperative willingness of individuals in betrayal situations has a decisive impact on the cooperation level of groups. Additionally, the study proposes two innovative mechanisms, enforcement and punishment, to promote collective cooperation.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Tao You, Hailun Zhang, Ying Zhang, Qing Li, Peng Zhang, Mei Yang
Summary: The emergence and maintenance of cooperative behavior in groups is an important topic in game theory. Traditional networks with single mechanisms face challenges in analyzing the diversity of groups in society. Recent studies have shown the potential of multi-layer coupled network based evolutionary game theory in exploring the transmission of cooperative behavior between individuals. This study combines the game strategy of reinforcement learning with the traditional prisoner's dilemma strategy based on multiple coupled networks, enhancing the intelligent decision-making capability of group behaviors. Simulation of game evolution validates that cooperative behavior can be maintained by adjusting the group's ability with effective guidance.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jae Han Choi, Sungmin Lee, Jae Woo Lee
Summary: This study investigated the application of the prisoner's dilemma game in signed networks. The results showed that when the density of negative links is low, cooperation behavior is weakened; however, when the density of negative links is high, cooperation behavior is enhanced.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yining Zhao, Samantha O'Dell, Xiaohan Yang, Jingyi Liao, Kexin Yang, Laura Fumanelli, Tao Zhou, Jiancheng Lv, Marco Ajelli, Quan-Hui Liu
Summary: This study investigated the heterogeneous contact patterns of the Chinese population after the lifting of lockdown measures, and used the collected data to calibrate a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The findings suggest that, despite the relaxation of restrictions, people still limited their contacts compared to the pre-pandemic situation.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng-Bi Cui, Zhi-Xi Wu, Tao Zhou
Summary: Self-regulation and government regulation, community policing and external powerful forces are vital components of the global economy and social management. The implementation of self-regulation or community policing requires disciplined members, while government or external forces are more likely to intervene. Addressing both dilemmas and supporting altruistic individuals remains a significant challenge.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jun Wang, Shimin Cai, Wei Wang, Tao Zhou
Summary: In this paper, a novel mathematical model is proposed to study the link cooperation effect of two epidemics cooperatively spreading on complex networks. The research findings show that the link cooperation effect promotes the epidemic outbreak size, and the phase transition phenomenon is closely related to the strength of the link cooperation effect and network topology.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Feng You, Han-Xin Yang, Yumeng Li, Wenbo Du, Gang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a modified Vicsek model to investigate the impact of communication costs on the behavior of individuals choosing to move together or walk alone. The research findings demonstrate that cooperation can be maintained and the highest level of synchronization can be achieved at an optimal communication radius.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yan-Li Lee, Tao Zhou, Kexin Yang, Yajun Du, Liming Pan
Summary: This paper proposes a recommendation algorithm that combines social relationships and historical behaviors, and tests its performance on real networks. The results show that the algorithm outperforms the benchmarks in terms of accuracy and diversity metrics, and has a significant improvement in the recommendation performance for cold-start users.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Cong Liu, Zhi-Xi Wu, Chong-Yang Wang, Han-Xin Yang, Jian-Yue Guan
Summary: The study shows that astrocytes can listen to the talk between neurons, give advice, and contribute to heterogeneous couplings. The research focuses on the regulation function of astrocytes and explores the role of heterogeneous couplings among neuron-astrocyte components in signal response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Hou, Xue Pan, Kecheng Liu, Zimo Yang, Jianguo Liu, Tao Zhou
Summary: Social media and online navigation provide enjoyable experiences but also create information cocoons (ICs), trapping us with limited and biased information. This study formally defines ICs in online navigation and demonstrates that similarity-based recommendation techniques result in ICs, significantly reducing navigability. The study proposes a flexible recommendation strategy that addresses IC-induced problems and improves retrieval accuracy, backed by simulations on real data and online experiments. These findings quantify the challenge of ICs and offer insights for algorithm design, scientific research, and policy making.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
En Xu, Tao Zhou, Zhiwen Yu, Zhuo Sun, Bin Guo
Summary: Predictability is a new metric used to quantify the highest possible prediction accuracy for a given time series, which is widely used in evaluating prediction algorithms and identifying human behavioral patterns. Recent criticisms have focused on the inaccuracy of predictability estimation caused by the original entropy-based method. In this paper, we prove that time series predictability is equivalent to a seemingly unrelated metric called Bayes error rate, which explores the lowest unavoidable error rate in classification. This proof bridges two independent fields and allows each field to benefit from the other immediately. For example, using three theoretical models with known and controllable upper bounds of prediction accuracy, we demonstrate that estimation based on Bayes error rate can largely solve the inaccuracy problem of predictability.
Article
Optics
He Huang, Yaoshuai Li, Chengzhi Qin, Wenwan Li, Lange Zhao, Chen Liu, Bing Wang, Chi Zhang, Peixiang Lu
Summary: In this study, the spectral self-imaging effect for a frequency comb is demonstrated using a four-wave mixing time lens. The time lens is created by applying a temporal quadratic phase modulation to the input signal pulses, which results in a frequency comb in the Fourier spectrum. The modulation is achieved by a Gaussian pump pulse in an external single-mode fiber. When both the signal and pump pulses are injected into a highly nonlinear fiber, four-wave mixing Bragg scattering occurs, leading to periodic revivals of the input frequency comb as the pump pulse propagates periodically. The study also reveals the impact of the envelope width of input pulses on the output spectrum width.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tao Zhou
Summary: Link prediction is a challenging problem in network science, aiming to discover missing links or predict future links based on known topology. The choice of proper metrics to evaluate prediction algorithms is still an unsolved issue. The popular metrics, AUC and BP, have recently been under debate, while AUPR has gained popularity in biological studies. A toy model with tunable noise and predictability is used to measure the discriminating ability of these metrics, and the results suggest that AUC and AUPR are more discriminating than BP, with AUC slightly more discriminating than AUPR. Using AUC and AUPR together is recommended for evaluating link prediction algorithms, while caution is needed when relying solely on BP. This article provides insights into the effectiveness of evaluation metrics for link prediction.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junjia Huang, Wei Ma, Rong Li, Na Zhao, Tao Zhou
Summary: This retrospective analysis quantitatively predicts the spherical equivalent of children and adolescents based on their variable-length historical vision records. The study examined 75,172 eyes from 37,586 individuals aged 6-20 years, measuring visual acuity, spherical equivalent, astigmatism, corneal curvature, and axial length. Using the Time-Aware Long Short-Term Memory model, the spherical equivalent was accurately predicted within two and a half years, with a mean absolute prediction error of 0.103 (D) on the testing set. The model captures temporal features in irregularly sampled time series, allowing for earlier identification of myopia progression. The overall error of 0.103 (D) is much smaller than the clinically acceptable prediction threshold of 0.75 (D).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shulin Wang, Chengzhi Qin, Lange Zhao, Han Ye, Stefano Longhi, Peixiang Lu, Bing Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a new class of reconfigurable linear optics circuits harnessing Floquet LZT, which has versatile applications in temporal beam control, signal processing, quantum simulations, and information processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Bai, Zhongtao Yue, Tao Zhou
Summary: Occupational segregation is a major factor causing gender discrimination in the labor market, but in China, the severity of occupational segregation is low. Interestingly, male-dominated occupations have a smaller gender wage gap, suggesting that Chinese women can narrow the gap by joining such occupations. However, it's important to note that the gender discrimination may still exist in these male-dominated occupations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Haibo Cao, Zhexu Li, Wanli Peng, Hanxin Yang, Juncheng Guo
Summary: In this paper, a generic model of three-terminal heat transformer without reference to any specific heat-transfer law is established on the basis of the low-dissipation assumption. The optimum behaviors and parametric choices under two different parameter constraints are investigated and compared. The influences of dissipation symmetry on several key performance indicators are discussed, leading to the important results of the performance bounds of coefficient of performance (COP) at maximum heating load and maximum Omega regimes.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rongxiang Luo, Juncheng Guo, Jun Zhang, Hanxin Yang
Summary: A mechanism that induces negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR) between heat baths has been shown in one-dimensional hard-point gases. In this study, we extend the investigation to higher-dimensional fluids using multiparticle collision dynamics, and find that the NDTR mechanism is applicable to high-dimensional fluidic systems with weak interactions and is robust to mixed fluids. These findings significantly advance the understanding of NDTR induced by heat baths and shed light on the fabrication of fluid thermal transistors in micro-and nanosystems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
