Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Georgianna Charalampous, Stephen F. King, George K. Leontaris, Ye-Ling Zhou
Summary: In this study, two models of flipped SU(5) x U(1) grand unified theories were proposed with different modular weights assigned to fermion mass hierarchy. Constraints on the Dirac neutrino Yukawa matrix were relaxed by mechanisms allowing incomplete GUT representations, leading to a good fit for quark and charged lepton masses. The possibility of a double seesaw mechanism was also discussed, enabled by the extra singlets predicted in such string inspired theories.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alex G. Dias, Julio Leite, Diego S. Goncalves
Summary: The proposed gauged two-Higgs-doublet model with an anomalous Peccei-Quinn symmetry, U(1)(PQ), prohibits dangerous tree-level flavor-changing neutral currents common in two-Higgs-doublet models by an extra gauge symmetry, U(1)(X). Neutrino masses are generated through a Dirac seesaw mechanism and their suppression is related to the breaking scales of U(1)(X) and U(1)(PQ), suggesting potential observable signals in near-future experiments. The associated axion in the model may account for cold dark matter abundance with expected sensitivities of forthcoming axion searches.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lasse Gresista, Dominik Kiese, Simon Trebst, Michael M. Scherer
Summary: The discovery of correlated insulating states in moire heterostructures has renewed interest in strongly coupled electron systems where spin and valley degrees of freedom are intertwined. In this study, the impact of symmetry-breaking couplings on the magnetic phase diagram for triangular superlattices is investigated. Both semiclassical Monte Carlo simulations and pseudofermion functional renormalization group calculations are employed to explore the classical and quantum ordered phases in the system.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gui-Jun Ding, Stephen F. King, Chang-Yuan Yao
Summary: Modular symmetry can provide an origin of discrete flavor symmetry and allow it to be broken along particular symmetry preserving directions without introducing flavons or driving fields. This approach can greatly simplify flavored grand unified theories by using modular forms. A numerical analysis is performed to show mass and mixing correlations around the best fit points in quark and lepton sectors.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andreas Ekstedt, Renato M. Fonseca, Michal Malinsky
Summary: In this model, all fermions are included in a single irreducible representation of an SU(19) gauge symmetry group. With only one scalar field, Yukawa interactions are determined by a single number rather than multiple 3 x 3 matrices of couplings. The concept of flavor at low energies is entirely derived from scalar-sector parameters, with entries of the Standard Model Yukawa matrices being controlled by several vacuum expectation values.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Nomura, Hiroshi Okada, Yutaro Shoji
Summary: We study SU(4)(C) x SU(2)(L) x U(1)(R) models with modular A(4) symmetry, providing a unified description of the quark and lepton sectors including flavor structures. These models are differentiated by assigning modular weight to matter superfields. Through numerical chi(2) analysis, we search for parameter sets that meet experimental results and provide benchmark points to illustrate model implications.
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Arco, S. Heinemeyer, M. J. Herrero
Summary: This letter focuses on the specific sensitivity and constraints of the soft breaking Z(2) parameter m(12) in the Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM). By studying the decays of the lightest Higgs boson h to two photons, possible constraints on m(12) are demonstrated. These constraints are important in the region of the 2HDM parameter space that satisfies other constraints.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
A. Hernandez-Juarez, A. Moyotl, G. Tavares-Velasco
Summary: The contributions to trilinear neutral gauge boson couplings are calculated in a model with CP-violating flavor changing neutral current couplings, resulting in constraints on Z gauge boson couplings from experimental data. It is found that form factors for ZZZ* vertex are small compared to standard model predictions, and estimates for Z' couplings in different scenarios are also presented.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
George N. Wojcik, Thomas G. Rizzo
Summary: In this paper, a model is presented to unify a new dark sector force with a local SU(3) flavor symmetry. The model provides interesting experimental signatures, including nontrivial consequences of the flavor symmetry being unified with the dark sector.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tianjun Li, Adeel Mansha, Rui Sun, Lina Wu, Weikun He
Summary: For the first time, N = 1 supersymmetric SU(12)(C) x SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R) models, SU(4)(C) x SU(6)(L) x SU(2)(R) models, and SU(4)(C) x SU(2)(L) x SU(6)(R) models were systematically discussed in the context of type IIA orientifolds on T-6 / (Z(2) x Z(2)) with intersecting D6-branes. By using mathematical analysis, some models were excluded and the relationship between the SU(4)(C) x SU(6)(L) x SU(2)(R) models and SU(4)(C) x SU(2)(L) x SU(6)(R) models, related by left and right gauge symmetry exchanging, as well as a variation of type II T-duality, was explored.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mamiya Kawaguchi, Shinya Matsuzaki, Akio Tomiya
Summary: The study reveals a significant impact of nonperturbative thermal loop corrections on the QCD topological susceptibility around the pseudo-critical temperature of the chiral crossover, leading to flavor breaking in the axial anomaly and QCD theta vacuum in high temperature QCD. This critical flavor violation cannot be explained by chiral perturbation theory or the dilute instanton gas approximation, and may have implications on the thermal history and cosmological evolution of QCD axion.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ke-Pan Xie, Bin Yan
Summary: The coupling relative sign between hWW and hZZ can be fully determined through experiments at the LHC involving single top quark and Higgs associated production, as well as Zh production.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ioanna D. Stamou
Summary: This paper presents a class of potentials derived from no-scale supergravity to explain the production of primordial black holes in the Universe. By breaking symmetries and modifying superpotentials, effective scalar potentials capable of generating PBHs are derived. Evaluations of fractional abundances of PBHs using different methods are carried out in consistency with Planck constraints, with a focus on explaining dark matter in the Universe.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Joseph R. A. Kincaid, Rahul D. Kavthe, Juan C. Caravez, Balaram S. Takale, Ruchita R. Thakore, Bruce H. Lipshutz
Summary: Two routes to synthesizing the antimalarial drug Pyronaridine are described, one with a linear sequence and the other with a convergent sequence. The overall yields of Pyronaridine are 87% and 95% respectively. Compared to existing methods using organic solvents, these routes reduce the environmental impact by a factor of 5 as measured by E Factors.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ali Khorramian, Elliot Leader, Dimiter B. Stamenov, Amir Shabanpour
Summary: The study explores the differences in polarized strange quark density extracted from different data analysis methods, as well as the sensitivity of strange quark polarization to the breaking of flavor SU(3) symmetry.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
K. Raya, Z. -f. Cui, L. Chang, J. M. Morgado, C. D. Roberts, J. Rodriguez-Quintero
Summary: Observable measures provide clear windows into emergent hadron mass and its modulations by Higgs boson interactions, which can be accessed through generalised parton distributions (GPDs). Analysis reveals various properties and predictions, such as stiffness differences between gravitational and electromagnetic form factors, tightness of K pressure profiles compared to pi profiles, and similar fraction of meson mass-squared carried by glue and sea combined as with the valence degrees-of-freedom.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Z. -F. Cui, M. Ding, J. M. Morgado, K. Raya, D. Binosi, L. Chang, J. Papavassiliou, C. D. Roberts, J. Rodriguez-Quintero, S. M. Schmidt
Summary: The analysis of the pion valence-quark distribution function predicts that its behavior at x approximately equal to 1 follows the model of (1 - x)(β(σ)), taking into account the pion wave function prescribed by QCD. However, the empirical status of this behavior remains uncertain due to disagreements in fitting existing data. Further experimental data is needed to reach a final conclusion.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lei Chang, Fei Gao, Craig D. Roberts
Summary: This article uses an algebraic Ansatz to calculate the proton's wave function and distribution functions, and compares it with the pion. The findings suggest some factors that may explain the differences in proton properties.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ya Lu, Lei Chang, Khepani Raya, Craig D. Roberts, Jose Rodriguez-Quintero
Summary: This study uses consistent determination of valence distribution functions (DFs) for proton and pion at the same hadron scale, and presents a unified prediction for all DFs including valence, glue, and four-flavour-separated sea. The results show that while identifiable parton classes carry the same hadron light-front momentum fractions for both proton and pion at any scale, the behavior of DFs is strongly dependent on the hadron.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gustavo O. Heymans, Nami F. Svaiter, Gastao Krein
Summary: Using statistical field theory for systems with anisotropic disorder, this study presents an analog model for Euclidean wormholes and topological fluctuation effects in a Riemannian space. The contribution of wormholes and topological fluctuations to the Euclidean gravitational functional integral is modeled by introducing quenched randomness in a specific manifold. A disorder-averaged free energy is obtained by averaging over all realizations of the random fields. In the scenario of topological fluctuation, a superposition of infinite branes that contribute to physical quantities appears, which can be understood as two distinct types of Euclidean wormholes: wormholes confined to one brane, and wormholes connecting different branes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zanbin Xing, Minghui Ding, Lei Chang
Summary: We present a novel approach to calculate the gravitational form factor of pion using the ladder approximation of the Bethe-Salpeter equation with contact interactions. A key aspect of this approach is the symmetry-preserving treatment of the dressed pi pi amplitude, which reveals the contributions from intrinsic quarks and bound states, the latter being essential for the D-term of pion in the soft-pion limit. The method we propose in this study can be applied to numerous processes of significance in physics.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zanbin Xing, Lei Chang
Summary: This work proposes a symmetry preserving regularization procedure for the contact interaction model. This regularization follows consistency conditions to maintain gauge symmetry. Proofs for preserving the Ward-Takahashi identities are provided, and loop integrals are systematically computed. Application examples of kaon electromagnetic form factor and Kl3 transition form factor demonstrate self-consistent results. The proposed regularization properly handles divergences, allowing more focus on physical discussions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jose Roberto Lessa, Fernando E. Serna, Bruno El-Bennich, Adnan Bashir, Orlando Oliveira
Summary: In this study, we investigate the dependence of the quark propagator in quantum chromodynamics on the gauge parameter by solving the gap equation. We use a nonperturbative quark-gluon vertex that satisfies various constraints and has no kinematic singularities. Gluon propagators in renormalizable R xi gauges obtained from lattice QCD studies are employed. We find that the nonperturbative quark propagator has a gauge-dependent behavior, with the mass function increasing in the infrared domain proportional to the gauge-fixing parameter, while the wave renormalization decreases within the considered range of xi (0 <= xi <= 1). The gauge dependence of the chiral quark condensate is mild within the explored region of xi. We discuss possibilities for further research in conjunction with generalized gauge covariance relations for QCD.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Roberto Correa da Silveira, Fernando E. Serna, Bruno El-Bennich
Summary: We calculate the strong decay couplings for rho -> pi pi, phi -KK, K*-> K pi, and D*-> D pi using the impulse approximation, nonperturbative solutions of the quark-gap equation and the Poincare invariant Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes of vector and pseudoscalar mesons. We obtain the coupling gD*D pi = 17.24(-2.30)(3.06) in very good agreement with the experimental value by CLEO, corresponding to a strong effective coupling between heavy vector and pseudoscalar mesons to the pion of (g) over cap = 0.58(-0.08) (0.10) .
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fernando E. Serna, Roberto Correa da Silveira, Bruno El-Bennich
Summary: We present the first calculation of the longitudinal and transverse light front distribution amplitudes for D* and Ds* mesons, as well as their first four moments. Additionally, we obtain these distribution amplitudes for rho, phi, K*, and J/Psi mesons, confirming a lattice QCD prediction regarding the vector kaon: the longitudinal distribution amplitude is nearly symmetric, while the transverse one is oblique, indicating a higher momentum carried by the strange quark.
Article
Optics
D. S. Rosa, T. Frederico, G. Krein, M. T. Yamashita
Summary: In this study, we analytically solved the three-body mass-imbalanced problem with zero-range resonantly interacting particles in D dimensions. By applying the Bethe-Peierls boundary conditions for zero-energy two-body bound states in D dimensions, we derived the negative energy eigenstates of the three-body Schrodinger equation. The solution exhibits an Efimov-like discrete scaling factor dependence on dimension. The analytical form of the mass-imbalanced three-body bound-state wave function can be utilized to explore the effective dimension of asymmetric cold atomic traps near the Efimov limit for Feshbach resonances.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Matheus H. Martins Costa, Jeroen van den Brink, Flavio S. Nogueira, Gastao I. Krein
Summary: This study develops a novel method to calculate the Re'nyi and entanglement entropies between slow and fast modes in quantum field theory. It is based on the Wilsonian effective action at a given scale and is applied to perturbative scalar theories, comparing the results with those from literature and interpreting them using Feynman diagrams.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiaobin Wang, Zanbin Xing, Jiayin Kang, Khepani Raya, Lei Chang
Summary: The pion scalar, vector, and tensor form factors are calculated using a symmetry-preserving contact interaction model and a modified interaction kernel for the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The results show significant improvement and are compatible with recent lattice QCD simulations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Z-F Cui, M. Ding, J. M. Morgado, K. Raya, D. Binosi, L. Chang, F. De Soto, C. D. Roberts, J. Rodriguez-Quintero, S. M. Schmidt
Summary: Assuming the existence of an effective charge to define the evolution scheme for parton distribution functions (DFs), this study derives strict lower and upper bounds on all Mellin moments of the valence-quark DFs of pionlike systems. By using numerical simulations of lattice-regularized quantum chromodynamics (QCD) consistent with these bounds, parameter-free predictions for pion valence, glue, and sea DFs are obtained. The study shows that the form of the valence-quark DF is consistent with predictions derived from the QCD-prescribed behavior of the pion wave function.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zanbin Xing, Jingyi Chao, Lei Chang, Yu-xin Liu
Summary: This paper studies the properties of a pseudoscalar meson triplet in a strongly magnetized medium using the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach for a contact interaction. A new coupling formulation is proposed to control the strength of the p-wave component without modifying the quark propagator. The results show that the strong magnetic field dramatically affects the inner structure of mesons.
