Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Somadutta Bhatta, Vipul Bairathi
Summary: Observables in heavy-ion collisions are often categorized by centralities, but using a spectator neutron binning method can provide information about events with rare initial-state conditions. This method can improve the quantification of differences between standard centrality and spectator neutron binning, and can be used to study the properties of the initial state.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Kouki Nakamura, Takahiro Miyoshi, Chiho Nonaka, Hiroyuki R. Takahashi
Summary: We present a dynamical model for high-energy heavy-ion collisions based on the relativistic resistive magneto-hydrodynamic framework. Using our newly developed (3 + 1)-dimensional relativistic resistive magneto-hydrodynamics code, we investigate the magneto-hydrodynamic expansion in symmetric and asymmetric collision systems. Our study reveals the significant effect of finite electrical conductivity on the directed flow in the asymmetric collision system, due to the asymmetry of the electric field produced by two different colliding nuclei. The finite electrical conductivity leads to energy transfer and consequently reduces the growth of directed flow.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron
Summary: This research focuses on the excitations of far-from-equilibrium 2+1 dimensional gauge theories and finds that their structure is nontrivial and nonperturbative, leading to broad excitation peaks in spectral and statistical correlation functions. The absence of soft quasiparticles in these theories is demonstrated by the comparable width of these peaks to the frequency of soft excitations.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yogesh Kumar, S. S. Singh, Poonam Jain
Summary: This study focuses on revealing information about the space-time evolution of quark gluon plasma (QGP) through the analysis of experimental data on electromagnetic probes emitted from hot and dense matter. The results show a significant enhancement in diphoton production rate when using thermal quark mass compared to dynamic quark mass. These insights can be useful for spectroscopy and thermometry in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC, providing valuable information for the relevant mass range.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Marco Ce, Tim Harris, Harvey B. Meyer, Arianna Toniato
Summary: The article interprets the structure functions of a thermal medium in terms of electron scattering and exchange of spacelike photons, focusing on deep-inelastic scattering and moment sum rules obeyed by the structure functions. It discusses the thermal expectation value of twist-two operators computable in lattice QCD, as well as how lattice QCD calculations can probe the virtuality required for Bjorken scaling. Moreover, it provides a parton-model interpretation of structure functions in the Bjorken limit and tests its consistency.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huda Alalawi, Mubarak Alqahtani, Michael Strickland
Summary: This review presents the motivation for using relativistic anisotropic hydrodynamics to study the physics of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions and highlights the main ingredients of the 3+1D quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics model, as well as phenomenological comparisons with experimental data.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexandre Epalle, Mathilde Catherin, Manuel Cobian, Stephane Valette
Summary: To understand the relationship between topography and wetting, it is not sufficient to study the contact angle. This study proposes a numerical approach to characterize the wetting behavior on textured surfaces, overcoming experimental limitations. The simulations successfully capture the wetting state and contact angle, allowing for the quantification of the liquid-solid interface and impregnation within textures.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Sigtryggur Hauksson, Sangyong Jeon, Charles Gale
Summary: The sensitivity of penetrating probes in heavy-ion collisions to the transport coefficients of quark-gluon plasma requires a detailed understanding of photon emission and jet-medium interaction in a nonequilibrium plasma. Accounting for the time evolution of an unstable plasma can cure spurious divergences when evaluating the rate of interaction of hard probes with the plasma. The exponential growth of gluon occupation density in an unstable plasma may suggest a phenomenological prescription where instability poles are subtracted. Additionally, instability fields do not seem to affect medium-induced photon emission in the Abelian case to the examined approximation level.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Becattini
Summary: This article reviews the recent progress in the field of global polarization of Λ hyperons in relativistic nuclear collisions since its first discovery in 2017, highlighting the importance and potential of spin in both experimental and theoretical aspects. The article also discusses the intriguing connections of spin physics in relativistic matter with fundamental questions in quantum field theory and applications in the non-relativistic domain.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Rupa Chatterjee, Pingal Dasgupta
Summary: This study indicates that the ratio of photon vn may help in understanding the difference between experimental photon flow data and theoretical model calculations by minimizing nonthermal contributions. The behavior of the ratio varies with collision type and pT, and may be used to constrain the initial conditions in heavy ion collisions. The ratio is found to be sensitive to the model calculation's initial conditions at different pT regions compared to individual anisotropic flow parameters.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiaojian Du, Ralf Rapp
Summary: This paper investigates the quarkonium regeneration in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions and proposes a semi-classical charmonium transport approach. The study finds that a good description of the measured J/psi yield and its transverse-momentum dependence can be achieved if a large K >= 5 is employed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Daniel Avila, Francisco Nettel, Leonardo Patino
Summary: We expand our holographic analysis to study the emission of photons in a strongly coupled plasma under a very intense external magnetic field. By relaxing certain constraints, we demonstrate that photons can have either out-plane or in-plane polarization. Our calculations and numerical results complement our previous findings, showing that the introduction of a nonvanishing magnetic field can increase photon production up to a certain intensity, beyond which the effect is reversed. This magnetic field also increases the elliptic flow, providing a possible explanation for excess measured in collision experiments.
Article
Mechanics
Ying Zhang, Yu Mao, Yuan Tian, Yichen Huang, Jiansheng Liu, Zhaoqing Ke
Summary: A phase transition lattice Boltzmann model was used to simulate the pool boiling process on a triangular structure-roughened surface with conjugate heat transfer effect. The results showed that a hydrophilic surface inhibits bubble growth but facilitates bubble detachment, while a hydrophobic surface increases bubble growth but inhibits bubble detachment. The study also found that continuous wettability can improve the surface's heat transfer performance.
Article
Polymer Science
Rami Alhasan, Douglas R. Tree
Summary: Phase-field models are cost-effective models capable of capturing the nonequilibrium multiphase behavior of polymers and soft materials. The thermodynamic consistency of some model formulations has been questioned, leading researchers to derive a generalized Gibbs-Duhem relation to ensure thermodynamic consistency. This derivation demonstrates that a phase-field model satisfying the Gibbs-Duhem expression is thermodynamically consistent.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Takashi Yodono, Kentaro Yaji, Takayuki Yamada, Kozo Furuta, Kazuhiro Izui, Shinji Nishiwaki
Summary: In this paper, a topology optimization method for isotropic linear elastic body problems using LBM is proposed. The analysis approach of the isotropic linear elastic field using LBM is constructed by incorporating the expansion technique of the governing equations. The design sensitivity is derived using the adjoint lattice Boltzmann method. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated with numerical examples.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sauro Succi
Summary: This article discusses the possibility that the complexity of biological systems may exceed the predictive capabilities of theoretical physics, suggesting that the World Beyond Physics is smaller than expected based on fundamental physical theories.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Francesco Di Palma, Sergio Decherchi, Fatima Pardo-Avila, Sauro Succi, Michael Levitt, Gunnar von Heijne, Andrea Cavalli
Summary: This study used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the interactions between the XBP1u AP and the mammalian ribosome exit tunnel, shedding light on the ribosome stalling mechanism. The results provide an unprecedented atomistic picture of this biological process and offer insights into the key AP-ribosome interactions.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Michele Monteferrante, Adriano Tiribocchi, Sauro Succi, Dario Pisignano, Marco Lauricella
Summary: This study investigates the free radical polymerization of photocurable polymers using reactive classical molecular dynamics combined with a dynamical approach of the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (D-NEMD) method. The results provide insights into the physical and topological properties of the polymer and predict its mechanical behavior. This approach offers a novel tool to describe photopolymerization processes and optimize additive manufacturing methods.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abigail Rendos, Wenhan Cao, Margaret Chern, Marco Lauricella, Sauro Succi, Jorg G. Werner, Allison M. Dennis, Keith A. Brown
Summary: A suspension of nanoparticles can assemble into a macroscopic cellular phase that consists of particle-rich walls and particle-free voids under the influence of AC and DC voltages. This mechanism involves electrophoretic assembly and electrohydrodynamic flow-mediated spinodal decomposition. This work not only reveals the mechanism of cellular phase formation, but also presents a method to reversibly assemble nanoscale particles into microscale continuous structures.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Michal Bogdan, Andrea Montessori, Adriano Tiribocchi, Fabio Bonaccorso, Marco Lauricella, Leon Jurkiewicz, Sauro Succi, Jan Guzowski
Summary: This study reports new dynamical modes in confined soft granular flows, which have no counterpart in continuum viscous fluids. The emergence of these new modes is a result of the propagation of chaotic behavior of individual grains to the entire system. The study reveals the formation and breakage of stable jets and a non-Gaussian distribution of cluster sizes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Giuseppe Riva, Brenda K. Wiederhold, Sauro Succi
Summary: Big data and artificial intelligence have a significant impact on science and society, but presenting them as a universal solution ignores the importance of explanation in understanding complex systems.
CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Fabio Bonaccorso, Marco Lauricella, Andrea Montessori, Giorgio Amati, Massimo Bernaschi, Filippo Spiga, Adriano Tiribocchi, Sauro Succi
Summary: This paper presents LBcuda, a GPU-accelerated version of LBsoft, a MPI-based software for simulating multi-component colloidal flows. The design principles, optimization, and performance of LBcuda compared to the CPU version are described, using both a low-cost GPU and high-end NVidia GPU cards (V100 and A100). Results show a substantial acceleration for the fluid solver, reaching up to 200 GLUPS on a cluster of 512 A100 NVIDIA cards simulating a grid of eight billion lattice points.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Mihir Durve, Adriano Tiribocchi, Fabio Bonaccorso, Andrea Montessori, Marco Lauricella, Jan Guzowski, Sauro Succi
Summary: Deep neural networks are powerful tools for data analysis in microfluidic systems, particularly in droplet counting and tracking. This study combines the YOLO and DeepSORT algorithms to create the image analysis tool DropTrack for droplet tracking in microfluidic experiments. Training the YOLO network with hybrid datasets improves the accuracy of droplet detection and counting in real experimental videos, while reducing the labor-intensive image annotation work. DropTrack's performance is evaluated based on mean average precision, mean squared error, and image analysis speed for droplet tracking.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pablo G. Tello, D. O. N. A. T. O. Bini, S. T. U. A. R. T. Kauffman, S. A. U. R. O. Succi
Summary: This letter proposes an approach to the vacuum energy and the cosmological constant (CC) paradox based on the Zel'dovich's ansatz, which states that the observable contribution to the vacuum energy density is given by the gravitational energy of virtual particle-antiparticle pairs. The novelty of this work is the use of an ultraviolet cut-off length based on the holographic principle, which yields current values of the CC in semi-quantitative agreement with experimental observations.
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Daniele Simeoni, Alessandro Gabbana, Sauro Succi
Summary: In this work, we provide both analytic and numerical solutions for the Bjorken flow, which is a standard benchmark in relativistic hydrodynamics. It offers a simple model for the macroscopic evolution of matter produced in heavy nucleus collisions. We consider relativistic gases with both massive and massless particles, working in a (2+1) and (3+1) Minkowski spacetime coordinate system. The numerical results obtained from a newly developed lattice kinetic scheme show excellent agreement with the analytic solutions.
COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Giacomo Falcucci, Giorgio Amati, Pierluigi Fanelli, Sauro Succi, Maurizio Porfiri
Summary: This study investigates the flow characteristics of the Hexactinellid Sponge Euplectella aspergillum using large-scale simulations. The findings reveal the evolutionary adaptations of deep-sea sponges to fluid flow and open up new possibilities for interdisciplinary research in physics, engineering, and biology at the ocean interface.
COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mihir Durve, Sibilla Orsini, Adriano Tiribocchi, Andrea Montessori, Jean-Michel Tucny, Marco Lauricella, Andrea Camposeo, Dario Pisignano, Sauro Succi
Summary: Tracking droplets in microfluidics is a challenging task, and choosing a tool to analyze microfluidic videos is difficult. The YOLO and DeepSORT algorithms are used for droplet identification and tracking by training networks. Several YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 models and the DeepSORT network were trained for droplet tracking. Performance comparison between YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 in terms of training time and video analysis time was conducted. Real-time tracking was achieved with lighter YOLO models on RTX 3070 Ti GPU due to additional droplet tracking costs from the DeepSORT algorithm. This work serves as a benchmark study for YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 networks with DeepSORT for microfluidic droplet analysis.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Adriano Tiribocchi, Andrea Montessori, Giorgio Amati, Massimo Bernaschi, Fabio Bonaccorso, Sergio Orlandini, Sauro Succi, Marco Lauricella
Summary: A regularized version of the lattice Boltzmann method is proposed for efficient simulation of soft materials. It reconstructs the distribution functions from available hydrodynamic variables without storing the full set of discrete populations, leading to lower memory requirements and data access costs. Benchmark tests validate the method's effectiveness for simulating soft matter systems, particularly on future exascale computers.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
A. Tiribocchi, M. Durve, M. Lauricella, A. Montessori, D. Marenduzzo, S. Succi
Summary: Active droplets are artificial microswimmers that exhibit self-propelled motion. The authors study the effect of activity on a droplet containing a contractile polar fluid confined within microfluidic channels of various sizes. They find a range of shapes and dynamic regimes, regulated by contractile stress, droplet elasticity, and microchannel width.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Andrea Solfanelli, Stefano Ruffo, Sauro Succi, Nicolo Defenu
Summary: In this study, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the entanglement entropy for Kitaev chains with long-range hopping and pairing couplings. We find that the system exhibits an extremely rich phenomenology due to its truly non-local nature. In the strong long-range regime, we observe logarithmic, fractal, or volume-law entanglement scaling depending on the values of the chemical potential and power law decay strength.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
