Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. L. Goncalves, Matthew Knauss, Marc Sher
Summary: In extended Higgs models, a discrete symmetry is required in the quark sector, but not necessarily in the lepton sector. We present a four-doublet model where one Higgs couples to quarks and three others couple to the electron, muon, and tau. The model is studied with various constraints and it is shown that the lighter additional scalars can decay into electrons and muons.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Pavel Fileviez Perez, Elliot Golias, Alexis D. Plascencia
Summary: We study the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model in the context of quark-lepton unification and its phenomenology at the low scale. We discuss the correlations among the decay widths of the new Higgs bosons and propose methods to probe this theory using these relations.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Richard A. Battye, Steven J. Cotterill, Dominic G. Viatic
Summary: We discuss monopoles formed due to the spontaneous breakdown of a global SO (3)HF symmetry within the global two-Higgs doublet model. The Higgs sector dynamics is described by two vectors, one describing the Higgs family symmetry and the other related to the would-be Goldstone bosons. These monopoles have a charged vacuum in the center and exhibit spherically symmetric solutions. They are closely related to Nambu monopoles and their density scaling is not affected by their complexity.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jinheung Kim, Soojin Lee, Jeonghyeon Song, Prasenjit Sanyal
Summary: The null results in the new physics searches at the LHC do not exclude the existence of a light fermiophobic particle, particularly in the case of fermiophobic type-I, where the parameter space satisfies multiple theoretical requirements and maintains the stability of the scalar potential at high energy scales.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiao-Fang Han, Tianjun Li, Hong-Xin Wang, Lei Wang, Yang Zhang
Summary: The study shows that the lepton-specific inert two-Higgs-doublet model under certain conditions can explain the anomalies of muon and electron g-2 data simultaneously, with a specific Higgs mass range for appropriate Yukawa couplings. This model is more suitable for explaining lepton universality data than the standard model, and the multilepton event searches at LHC impose a stringent upper bound on one of the Higgs masses.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alex G. Dias, Julio Leite, Diego S. Goncalves
Summary: The proposed gauged two-Higgs-doublet model with an anomalous Peccei-Quinn symmetry, U(1)(PQ), prohibits dangerous tree-level flavor-changing neutral currents common in two-Higgs-doublet models by an extra gauge symmetry, U(1)(X). Neutrino masses are generated through a Dirac seesaw mechanism and their suppression is related to the breaking scales of U(1)(X) and U(1)(PQ), suggesting potential observable signals in near-future experiments. The associated axion in the model may account for cold dark matter abundance with expected sensitivities of forthcoming axion searches.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Otto Eberhardt, Ana Panuelas Martinez, Antonio Pich
Summary: The study presents the results of a global fit to the Aligned Two-Higgs Doublet Model, using constraints such as flavor observables, electroweak precision measurements, Higgs signal strengths, collider searches for heavy scalars, and theoretical requirements. The numerical fits were performed using the open-source HEPfit package, and the values of scalar masses, couplings of the scalar potential, and the flavor-alignment parameters were restricted based on these constraints.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nivedita Ghosh, Jayita Lahiri
Summary: Researchers have explored muon anomaly and lepton flavor violation using a perturbation of a two-Higgs-doublet model, considering constraints from various sources. They found that this model can explain the muon anomaly and predict interesting signs of lepton flavor violation. Additionally, they showed that part of the parameter space can be probed with a significance > 5 sigma using a cut-based analysis and an artificial neural network.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Estia J. Eichten, Kenneth Lane
Summary: The Gildener-Weinberg two-Higgs doublet model provides a light and aligned Higgs boson. The model's beyond the Standard Model Higgs bosons are bounded by a sum rule. H alignment is confirmed by two loop calculations, which also give similar results as the one-loop approximation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yongtae Heo, Dong-Won Jung, Jae Sik Lee
Summary: In this study, the implication of the recent CDF W-mass anomaly is considered within the framework of the two Higgs doublet model. It is found that the large deviation of the Sand T parameters from their SM values leads to an upper limit of about 1 TeV on the heavy charged and neutral Higgs bosons.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kai Hong Law, Apostolos Pilaftsis
Summary: We study the analytic properties of electrically charged and CP-violating kink solutions in the Z(2)-symmetric 2HDM and derive the complete set of equations of motion to describe their spatial profiles. Numerical solutions are obtained using the gradient flow technique, and results are presented for different parametrizations of the Higgs doublets. We analytically show the emergence of an electrically charged profile and CP violation in the derived kink solutions with asymmetric boundary conditions. Possible cosmological implications are discussed.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Takaaki Nomura, Prasenjit Sanyal
Summary: The study investigates a two Higgs doublet model with extra U(1)(X) gauge symmetry, where interactions of Z' boson can explain the Atomki anomaly by appropriate charge assignment for SM fermions. For the parameter region explaining Atomki anomaly, a light scalar boson with around 10 GeV mass is obtained, exploring the scalar sector for allowed parameter space, followed by discussion on anomalous magnetic dipole moment of muon and lepton flavour violating processes induced by Yukawa couplings in the model.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Syuhei Iguro, Teppei Kitahara, Yuji Omura, Hantian Zhang
Summary: In this study, we investigate the production of di-Higgs in the two-Higgs doublet model at the Large Hadron Collider. We specifically focus on the production of an additional neutral Higgs boson phi along with the Standard Model Higgs boson h. The leading contribution comes from the gluon-fusion channel induced by the top-quark loop, gg -> h phi. By imposing various theoretical and experimental constraints, we calculate the production cross section and explore the parameter space where certain anomalies can be accommodated.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ian Low, Nausheen R. Shah, Xiao-Ping Wang
Summary: This study investigates the interplay between Higgs alignment and CP-violation in complex two-Higgs-doublet models, proposing a novel potential signal of CP-violation in the Higgs-to-Higgs decays. The results provide unique venues for new measurements at the LHC.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Oliver Atkinson, Matthew Black, Alexander Lenz, Aleksey Rusov, James Wynne
Summary: We performed a comprehensive study on the allowed parameter space of the 2HDM-II, combining various observables and theoretical constraints to obtain bounds on the mass spectrum. The 2HDM-II fits the data slightly better than the SM, with heavy Higgs masses around 2 TeV and a value of tan beta about 4. We found that the wrong-sign limit is disfavored and deviations from the alignment limit are tiny. Additionally, our study suggests that a strong first order phase transition is strongly discouraged within the 2HDM-II.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seung-Hyun Yang, Kiyoung Jeong, Jaemoon Yang, Hye Young Son, Jin-Suck Suh, Yong-Min Huh, Seung Jae Oh
Summary: This study used magnetic resonance thermometry to investigate the temperature increases and thermal transfer during plasmonic photothermal therapy with gold nanorods. The results showed that MR thermometry can be a useful tool for monitoring the therapy and establishing ideal laser irradiation conditions.
CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ji-Won Kim, Sang Hoon Han, Minhee Ku, Jaemoon Yang, Shin-Hyun Kim
Summary: Chemophotothermal therapy is a promising cancer treatment method that combines photothermal agents and drugs. However, low payload, burst release, and dilution have limited its effectiveness. To overcome these limitations, smart microcapsules were designed as a practical material for chemophotothermal therapy. Water-in-oil-in-water double-emulsion templates were produced to encapsulate photothermal nanoparticles and drugs. The microcapsules release drugs when the phase-change material (PCM) in the polymer shell melts, while retaining drugs without leakage when frozen. The concentrated nanoparticles provide rapid and intense heating, allowing for controlled drug release using near-infrared irradiation.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiwei Li, Liangliang Su, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: In this work, ionization signals are considered as an important approach for detecting light dark matter, specifically focusing on sub-GeV inelastic dark matter. The study utilizes non-relativistic effective field theory to derive constraints on the spin-dependent DM-electron scattering and DM-nucleus Migdal scattering. The results suggest that the exclusion limits of DM-proton/neutron and DM-electron scattering cross sections are much stronger for exothermic inelastic dark matter than for endothermic inelastic dark matter.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jun Guo, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: Light DM with a mass in the range of 1 MeV to 1 GeV is a fascinating topic in Dark Matter research. The study assumes that light dark matter is composed of complex scalars and produced from semi-annihilation. Experimental data from different sources is used to constrain the scenario, and the X-ray spectra are analyzed to determine the annihilation cross-section bounds for different combinations of dark matter and mediator masses. MeV gamma-ray provides valuable insight into the structure of semi-annihilation dark matter, and EGRET contributes to the stringent constraint on semi-annihilation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Victor V. Flambaum, Liangliang Su, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: Due to low nuclear recoils, conventional direct detection experiments are not sensitive to sub-GeV dark matter (DM). Boosted and Migdal scattering mechanisms have been proposed as new complementary approaches for light DM searches. This study considers the momentum-transfer effect in DM-nucleus scattering and derives new bounds on sub-GeV DM for these two scenarios, showing significant improvement in the existing bounds on the DM-nucleus scattering cross section.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Athron, Andrew Fowlie, Chih-Ting Lu, Lei Wu, Yongcheng Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: In this article, the authors demonstrate that the anomalies in the measurements of the W mass and the muon g - 2 are unlikely to have a common origin, but a model involving leptoquarks might explain both anomalies. The electroweak fits show that including the g - 2 measurement worsens the tension with the CDF measurement, and conversely, adjustments that alleviate the CDF tension worsen the g - 2 tension beyond 5 sigma. Therefore, regardless of the size of the hadronic contributions in the Standard Model, new physics explanations are inevitable if we adopt the CDF W mass measurement.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Wenyu Wang, Wu-Long Xu, Jin Min Yang, Bin Zhu
Summary: We conducted a comprehensive study on the self-interaction cross-section of puffy dark matter particles, taking into account the significant intrinsic size of these particles. Our study highlights the importance of the Yukawa potential and partial wave analysis in understanding this cross-section in the resonant and classical regimes. We found that the finite-size effect of puffy dark matter particles enlarges the Born-effective regime, and the three regimes for the self-interaction cross-section can differ significantly from point-like dark matter, depending on the ratio between the particle radius and the force range.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sang Hyun Song, Dawool Han, Kyeonghui Park, Jo Eun Um, Seonghun Kim, Minhee Ku, Jaemoon Yang, Tae-Hyun Yoo, Jong In Yook, Nam Hee Kim, Hyun Sil Kim
Summary: Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes. The newly discovered cell death mechanism called ferroptosis, induced by TGF-beta, is involved in kidney damage in diabetic nephropathy. BMP7, a known antagonist of TGF-beta, can inhibit TGF-beta-induced fibrosis and play a role in the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic animal models.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yuchao Gu, Jie Tang, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: The Spherical Proportional Counter (SPC) with a single electron detection threshold is found to be effective in the direct detection of light sub-GeV dark matter (DM) in the DARKSPHERE detector. By considering different DM velocity distributions, it is shown that the DM mass can be probed down to as low as O(10) MeV, and the derived bounds on the DM-nucleus scattering cross section are highly sensitive to the high-velocity tails of the DM velocity distribution.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Wenyu Wang, Wu-Long Xu, Jin Min Yang, Rui Zhu
Summary: This study investigates the dependency of the scattering cross section of light relativistic dark matter boosted by high-energy cosmic rays on momentum transfer and mediator, and explores the direct detection limits on cosmic ray-boosted puffy dark matter in a simplified model. The results show that the limits for cosmic ray-boosted puffy dark matter are stronger than for point-like dark matter.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xuyang Ning, Abdusalam Abdukerin, Zihao Bo, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Chen Cheng, Zhaokan Cheng, Xiangyi Cui, Yingjie Fan, Deqing Fang, Changbo Fu, Mengting Fu, Lisheng Geng, Karl Giboni, Linhui Gu, Xuyuan Guo, Chencheng Han, Ke Han, Changda He, Jinrong He, Di Huang, Yanlin Huang, Junting Huang, Zhou Huang, Ruquan Hou, Yu Hou, Xiangdong Ji, Yonglin Ju, Chenxiang Li, Jiafu Li, Mingchuan Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Qing Lin, Jianglai Liu, Congcong Lu, Xiaoying Lu, Lingyin Luo, Yunyang Luo, Wenbo Ma, Yugang Ma, Yajun Mao, Yue Meng, Ningchun Qi, Zhicheng Qian, Xiangxiang Ren, Nasir Shaheed, Xiaofeng Shang, Xiyuan Shao, Guofang Shen, Lin Si, Wenliang Sun, Andi Tan, Yi Tao, Anqing Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xiuli Wang, Zhou Wang, Yuehuan Wei, Mengmeng Wu, Weihao Wu, Jingkai Xia, Mengjiao Xiao, Xiang Xiao, Pengwei Xie, Binbin Yan, Xiyu Yan, Jijun Yang, Yong Yang, Yukun Yao, Chunxu Yu, Ying Yuan, Zhe Yuan, Xinning Zeng, Dan Zhang, Minzhen Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Shu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yingxin Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Li Zhao, Qibin Zheng, Jifang Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Yong Zhou, Yubo Zhou, Liangliang Su
Summary: This study reports on a search for light dark matter through the cascading decay of η mesons produced by the collision of cosmic rays and Earth's atmosphere. A new framework is introduced to specifically address boosted dark matter, including a dedicated simulation of both elastic and quasielastic processes of Earth's attenuation effect on dark matter particles reaching the detector. No significant excess over background is observed in the PandaX-4T commissioning data with a 0.63 tonne · year exposure. The study also provides the first constraints on the interaction between light dark matter generated in the atmosphere and nuclei through a light scalar mediator.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shu-Yuan Guo, Maxim Khlopov, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: The LHAASO Collaboration has observed very high energy photons (18 TeV) from the gamma-ray burst GRB221009A. The presence of a sterile neutrino with both mixing and a transition magnetic moment is proposed to explain these high energy photon events. However, it is demonstrated that this explanation is strongly disfavored by the cosmic microwave background and big bang nucleosynthesis in standard cosmology.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Wenyu Wang, Lei Wu, Wen-Na Yang, Bin Zhu
Summary: Boosted dark matter is a promising method to probe light dark matter, but the spin-dependent case lacks a coherent treatment. In this study, we derive the spin-dependent scattering cross section for boosted dark matter and find that certain effects can enhance experimental sensitivity. We also find that the time component of the dark matter current and the residual momentum dependence in the quark-nucleon matching operation contribute significantly. Direct limits on sub-GeV spin-dependent scattering of boosted dark matter are derived from terrestrial data, showing significant deviations from nonrelativistic structure factors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jinmin Yang, Chunhua Zhu
Summary: This study proposes a new UWB indoor positioning system that uses TOF ranging and a weighted centroid algorithm to compute the initial position of the tag, and introduces residual weighting to optimize the initial position. The corresponding nonlinear positioning equations are solved and the optimal tag coordinates are obtained using the Newton iteration method.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Liangliang Su, Lei Wu, Ning Zhou, Bin Zhu
Summary: The Earth-stopping effect is crucial for the direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter and is related to accelerated dark matter and atmospheric dark matter.
