Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jipeng Zhu, Yuan Gao, Liqing Qin, Yan Sha, Chris Jeynes, Nianhua Peng, Yugang Wang
Summary: In this study, researchers determined the differential cross-sections for lithium nuclear reactions at different experimental conditions, highlighting the limited knowledge on appropriate nuclear reaction cross-sections. The article also discussed in detail all sources contributing to the total combined standard uncertainty in the measurement.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Zhiming Han, Shengzhi Huang, Qiang Huang, Guoyong Leng, Yi Liu, Qingjun Bai, Panxing He, Hao Liang, Wuzhi Shi
Summary: This study characterized meteorological and groundwater droughts in the Xijiang River Basin of China and proposed a probabilistic framework to identify high-resolution propagation thresholds from meteorological to groundwater drought. Results show a positive correlation between the probability of groundwater drought occurrence and the intensity of meteorological drought events.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andrew Ridden-Harper, Ernst de Mooij, Ray Jayawardhana, Neale Gibson, Raine Karjalainen, Marie Karjalainen
Summary: The transmission spectrum of the ultrahot Jupiter KELT-9b exhibits absorption by several metal species. We find evidence for emission by Si i in its atmosphere for the first time, and also confirm earlier detections of Mg i, Ca ii, and Fe i emissions. However, we do not find evidence for emissions from several other elements. Our results suggest that KELT-9b may have iron emission on its nightside. Ground-based emission spectroscopy can provide valuable insights into exoplanet atmospheres.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lilian R. Heil, Philip M. Remes, Michael J. MacCoss
Summary: PRM is a popular alternative to SRM for targeted proteomics, monitoring all product ions in a single spectrum. High-resolution data is not necessary to obtain high-quality quantitative data. Both mass analyzers, Orbitrap and linear ion trap, show similar technical precision but the linear ion trap has superior sensitivity and lower limits of quantitation for over 62% of peptides.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Francesco Borsa, Luca Fossati, Tommi Koskinen, Mitchell E. Young, Denis Shulyak
Summary: This study presents the first definitive detection of the oxygen 777.4nm triplet in an exoplanetary atmosphere, suggesting a high mass-loss rate and the presence of fast winds. The findings have important implications for understanding exoplanetary atmospheres.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Lu Shi, Yue-feng Zhao
Summary: With the continuous increase in the resolution of high-resolution remote sensing satellite images, shadows have increasingly impacted feature target recognition and classification in images, urban reconstruction, and image interpretation. We propose a novel mixed shadow detection index (MSDI) for extracting urban feature shadows, which achieved excellent shadow detection results and accurately recognized waters, easily missed small shadowed areas, and easily confused non-shadowed areas.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Anowar J. Shajib, Eden Molina, Adriano Agnello, Peter R. Williams, Simon Birrer, Tommaso Treu, Christopher D. Fassnacht, Takahiro Morishita, Louis Abramson, Paul L. Schechter, Lutz Wisotzki
Summary: The study reports on 3 years of follow-up and confirmation work using the Near-Infrared Camera, identifying a total of 15 lenses and forming a sample of 20 lenses. The research also provides lens properties and predicted time delays to aid in planning follow-up observations.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Pino, M. Brogi, J. M. Desert, V Nascimbeni, A. S. Bonomo, E. Rauscher, M. Basilicata, K. Biazzo, A. Bignamini, F. Borsa, R. Claudi, E. Covino, M. P. Di Mauro, G. Guilluy, A. Maggio, L. Malavolta, G. Micela, E. Molinari, M. Molinaro, M. Montalto, D. Nardiello, M. Pedani, G. Piotto, E. Poretti, M. Rainer, G. Scandariato, D. Sicilia, A. Sozzetti
Summary: This study presents a novel method for studying the thermal emission of exoplanets as a function of orbital phase at high spectral resolution. By analyzing observational data of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b, the researchers confirm a previous detection of Fe I emission and detect an anomaly in the planet's orbital radial velocity. They argue that this anomaly is caused by atmospheric circulation patterns. The study also shows that the results are qualitatively compatible with predictions from general circulation models for ultra-hot Jupiter planets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhaoyu Jin
Summary: The real-time measurement of individual or local electrocatalytic reactivity of catalyst particles is challenging but critical to understand catalytic mechanisms. This Perspective summarizes emerging electrochemical techniques for studying various electrocatalytic reactions on different catalysts. It discusses principles and recent advances in scanning electrochemical microscopy, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, single-entity measurement, and molecular probing techniques. Future research aims to develop next-generation electrochemical techniques for elucidating structure-reactivity relationships and dynamic information at the single active-site level.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xiao Rong Dai, Yun Yu Wang, Duo Li, Wei Jia Zhao, Ya Fei Han, Xue Yan Han, Kai Hong Fang
Summary: In order to obtain the cross sections of the Be-9(d, t)Be-8 reaction, a thick beryllium target was bombarded with a deuteron beam ranging from 78 to 100 keV, with an energy step of 2 keV. The cross sections were deduced from the thick-target yields of emitted tritium obtained from the interaction between d and Be-9. This study, combined with data from the high-energy region, extended the directly measured cross section values to 65 keV in the center-of-mass system, filling the nuclear data gap in the low-energy region.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yasser Mostafa, Mahmoud Nokrashy O. Ali, Faten Mostafa, Mohamed Yousef
Summary: This study introduces an approach to extract building rooftops borders using satellite images, achieving the highest overall accuracy with a new index and algorithm.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chaoqun Gu, Tong Sun, Zhenyu Wang, Sisi Jiang, Zonghua Wang
Summary: Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Introducing sulfur vacancies on the MoS2 inert basal plane is a commonly used method to enhance its HER activity. However, nanoscale imaging of active sites and quantitative analysis of electrocatalytic activity in electrolyte aqueous solution pose challenges. In this study, high-resolution scanning electrochemical microscopy was used to image the HER activity of sulfur vacancies on MoS2, and the kinetic data for sulfur vacancies were quantitatively measured.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin DeWitt, Mark C. Babin, Daniel M. Neumark
Summary: This study investigates the effect of vibrational pre-excitation of anions on their photoelectron spectra using a new method called IR cryo-SEVI, which combines cryogenic cooling of anions with slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging and tunable IR radiation. The results on OH- demonstrate that vibrational excitation leads to different photodetachment signals and transitions, highlighting the importance of vibrational dynamics in anion photoelectron spectroscopy.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aaron Bello-Arufe, Lars A. Buchhave, Joao M. Mendonca, Rene Tronsgaard, Kevin Heng, H. Jens Hoeijmakers, Andrew W. Mayo
Summary: Ground-based, high-resolution spectrographs provide a new perspective for studying the dynamics and chemistry of the atmospheres of planets outside the Solar System. This study explores the potential of using the FIES spectrograph on the Nordic Optical Telescope to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres, and successfully detects the signals of iron ions during the transits.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Henrik Marschner, Andre Pampel, Roland Mueller, Katja Reimann, Nicolas Bock, Markus Morawski, Stefan Geyer, Harald E. Moeller
Summary: Cell membranes and macromolecules/paramagnetic compounds interact with water proton spins, providing MRI contrast and tissue composition information. Quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) parameters were measured at high spatial resolution in a fixed marmoset brain slice and compared to histology results. R1obs and R2* were linearly correlated with iron content, while distinct differences were observed between gray and white matter for qMT parameters and relaxometry. These findings suggest that the water interacting macromolecular pool consists of myelin and non-myelin contributions, and R1obs and R2* are more sensitive for depicting microstructural differences between cortical layers than T.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zac Johnston, Sheldon Wasik, Rachel Titus, MacKenzie L. Warren, Evan P. O'Connor, Remco Zegers, Sean M. Couch
Summary: Recent studies have shown that core-collapse supernova models are sensitive to electron-capture rates on neutron-rich nuclei. In this study, a large number of one-dimensional simulations were performed using updated EC rates. The results demonstrate that the EC rates have a consistent impact on various properties of core-collapse supernovae.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
H. Schatz, A. D. Becerril Reyes, A. Best, E. F. Brown, K. Chatziioannou, K. A. Chipps, C. M. Deibel, R. Ezzeddine, D. K. Galloway, C. J. Hansen, F. Herwig, A. P. Ji, M. Lugaro, Z. Meisel, D. Norman, J. S. Read, L. F. Roberts, A. Spyrou, I Tews, F. X. Timmes, C. Travaglio, N. Vassh, C. Abia, P. Adsley, S. Agarwal, M. Aliotta, W. Aoki, A. Arcones, A. Aryan, A. Bandyopadhyay, A. Banu, D. W. Bardayan, J. Barnes, A. Bauswein, T. C. Beers, J. Bishop, T. Boztepe, B. Cote, M. E. Caplan, A. E. Champagne, J. A. Clark, M. Couder, A. Couture, S. E. de Mink, S. Debnath, R. J. deBoer, J. den Hartogh, P. Denissenkov, V Dexheimer, I Dillmann, J. E. Escher, M. A. Famiano, R. Farmer, R. Fisher, C. Frohlich, A. Frebel, C. Fryer, G. Fuller, A. K. Ganguly, S. Ghosh, B. K. Gibson, T. Gorda, K. N. Gourgouliatos, V Graber, M. Gupta, W. C. Haxton, A. Heger, W. R. Hix, W. C. G. Ho, E. M. Holmbeck, A. A. Hood, S. Huth, G. Imbriani, R. G. Izzard, R. Jain, H. Jayatissa, Z. Johnston, T. Kajino, A. Kankainen, G. G. Kiss, A. Kwiatkowski, M. La Cognata, A. M. Laird, L. Lamia, P. Landry, E. Laplace, K. D. Launey, D. Leahy, G. Leckenby, A. Lennarz, B. Longfellow, A. E. Lovell, W. G. Lynch, S. M. Lyons, K. Maeda, E. Masha, C. Matei, J. Merc, B. Messer, F. Montes, A. Mukherjee, M. R. Mumpower, D. Neto, B. Nevins, W. G. Newton, L. Q. Nguyen, K. Nishikawa, N. Nishimura, F. M. Nunes, W-J Ong, S. D. Pain, M. A. Pajkos, M. Pignatari, R. G. Pizzone, V. M. Placco, T. Plewa, B. Pritychenko, A. Psaltis, D. Puentes, Y-Z Qian, D. Radice, D. Rapagnani, B. M. Rebeiro, R. Reifarth, A. L. Richard, N. Rijal, I. U. Roederer, J. S. Rojo, Y. Saito, A. Schwenk, M. L. Sergi, R. S. Sidhu, A. Simon, T. Sivarani, M. S. Smith, A. Spiridon, T. M. Sprouse, S. Starrfield, A. W. Steiner, F. Strieder, I Sultana, R. Surman, T. Szucs, A. Tawfik, F. Thielemann, L. Trache, R. Trappitsch, M. B. Tsang, A. Tumino, S. Upadhyayula, J. O. Valle Martinez, M. Van der Swaelmen, Carlos Viscasillas Vazquez, A. Watts, B. Wehmeyer, M. Wiescher, C. Wrede, J. Yoon, R. G. T. Zegers, M. A. Zermane, M. Zingale, E. O'Connor, A. Skuladottir
Summary: This paper summarizes the progress and status of nuclear astrophysics, explores new open questions, and highlights the scientific opportunities that have emerged. It also discusses the unique challenges and opportunities in nuclear astrophysics in terms of science, diversity, education, and interdisciplinary collaboration.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Noji, R. G. T. Zegers, G. P. A. Berg, A. M. Amthor, T. Baumann, D. Bazin, E. E. Burkhardt, M. Cortesi, J. C. DeKamp, M. Hausmann, M. Portillo, D. H. Potterveld, B. M. Sherrill, A. Stolz, O. B. Tarasov, R. C. York
Summary: A High Rigidity Spectrometer (HRS) has been designed for experiments at the Facility for Rare-Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU), allowing for the study of exotic neutron-rich isotopes at high beam energies. The HRS consists of a High-Transmission Beamline (HTBL) and a Spectrometer Section, with a maximum magnetic rigidity of 8 Tm.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Cortesi, S. Dziubinski, A. Gade, R. Zegers, J. Pereira, J. Asciutto, S. Lidia, D. Bazin
Summary: This article presents the development of a novel heavy-ion particle-identification (PID) device based on energy-loss measurement to be used in the S800 spectrograph at the FRIB facility. The new instrument, called ELOSS, consists of a segmented optical detector filled with xenon, surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. It is expected to provide high-resolution AE measurements and timing information, which will have a significant impact on the design and implementation of rare-isotope beam experiments.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Review
Education & Educational Research
Nicholas T. Young, K. Tollefson, Remco G. T. Zegers, Marcos D. Caballero
Summary: This study proposes rubric-based holistic review as a solution to address inequities in graduate admissions. By evaluating applicants using a rubric, the study finds significant differences in rubric scores between admitted and nonadmitted students, and these scores also reflect known inequities based on sex and undergraduate program.
PHYSICAL REVIEW PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Giraud, J. C. Zamora, R. G. T. Zegers, Y. Ayyad, D. Bazin, W. Mittig, A. Carls, M. DeNudt, Z. Rahman
Summary: Charge-exchange (d,2He) reactions in inverse kinematics at intermediate energies are a promising method for studying Gamow-Teller transition strength in unstable nuclei. A simulation and analysis software based on the ATTPCROOT package was developed to investigate such reactions using the AT-TPC. The software allows for realistic detector response simulation, development of analysis tools, and investigation of space-charge effects in track reconstruction.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pelagia Tsintari, Georg P. A. Berg, Jeff Blackmon, Kelly Chipps, Manoel Couder, Catherine Deibel, Nikolaos Dimitrakopoulos, Ruchi Garg, Uwe Greife, Kirby Hermansen, Ashley Hood, Rahul Jain, Cavan Maher, Caleb Marshall, Zach Meisel, Sara Miskovich, Fernando Montes, Georgios Perdikakis, Jorge Pereira, Thomas Ruland, Hendrik Schatz, Kiana Setoodehnia, Michael Smith, Louis Wagner, Remco G. T. Zegers
Summary: The formation of nuclei in slightly proton-rich regions of neutrino-driven wind in core-collapse supernovae can be explained by the neutrino-p process (nu p-process). Recent studies have identified key (n,p) reactions that control the efficiency of the nu p-process. Measurement of a (n,p) reaction in inverse kinematics was performed with SECAR at NSCL/FRIB, which is difficult due to the nearly identical masses of recoils and unreacted projectiles. The development of new ion beam optics and the installation of a neutron detection system were necessary for this measurement.
NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN ASTROPHYSICS - X, NPA-X 2022
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Tsantiri, A. Palmisano-Kyle, A. Spyrou, P. Mohr, H. C. Berg, P. A. DeYoung, A. C. Dombos, P. Gastis, E. C. Good, C. M. Harris, S. N. Liddick, S. M. Lyons, O. Olivas-Gomez, G. Owens-Fryar, J. Pereira, A. L. Richard, A. Simon, M. K. Smith, R. G. T. Zegers
Summary: The total cross section of the 82Kr(p, gamma)83Rb reaction was measured for the first time at effective center-of-mass energies between 2.4 and 3.0 MeV, which are relevant to the astrophysical gamma process. The experiment was conducted using the ReA facility at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory in Michigan State University. A 82Kr beam was directed onto a hydrogen gas cell located at the center of the Summing NaI(Tl) (SuN) detector. The obtained spectra were analyzed using the gamma-summing technique, revealing that the standard statistical model calculations overestimate the cross section of the 82Kr(p, gamma)83Rb reaction compared to the experimental measurements. The experimental data also provided additional constraints on the nuclear level density and the gamma-ray strength function used in the statistical model calculations.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. Schmitt, G. B. King, R. G. T. Zegers, Y. Ayyad, D. Bazin, B. A. Brown, A. Carls, J. Chen, A. Davis, M. DeNudt, J. Droste, B. Gao, C. Hultquist, H. Iwasaki, S. Noji, S. Pastore, J. Pereira, M. Piarulli, H. Sakai, A. Stolz, R. Titus, R. B. Wiringa, J. C. Zamora
Summary: In this study, the (p, n) charge-exchange reaction was used to test the extraction of beta-Gamow-Teller transition strengths, B(GT), from proton-rich unstable isotopes. The results were compared to shell-model and ab initio calculations, and demonstrated the feasibility of using this method.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. Spieker, L. A. Riley, P. D. Cottle, K. W. Kemper, D. Bazin, S. Biswas, P. J. Farris, A. Gade, T. Ginter, S. Giraud, J. Li, S. Noji, J. Pereira, M. Smith, D. Weisshaar, R. G. T. Zegers
Summary: Enhanced octupole collectivity is observed in the neutron-deficient Ge, Se, and Kr isotopes. However, theoretical models struggle to predict octupole collectivity accurately due to shape coexistence and configuration mixing. In this study, the rare isotopes 72Se and 74,76Kr were investigated, revealing two distinct regions of octupole strengths near the shape-transitional point at A=72.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Palmisano-Kyle, A. Spyrou, P. A. DeYoung, A. Dombos, P. Gastis, O. Olivas-Gomez, C. Harris, S. Liddick, S. M. Lyons, J. Pereira, A. L. Richard, A. Simon, M. K. Smith, A. Tsantiri, R. Zegers
Summary: This study focuses on the p process in nuclear astrophysics, which is responsible for producing stable isotopes. It reports on an experiment measuring the 84Kr(p, ?? )85Rb reaction cross section, providing more experimental data for p-process models. The study also develops new analysis techniques and target designs.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
S. Giraud, R. G. T. Zegers, B. A. Brown, J-M Gabler, J. Lesniak, J. Rebenstock, E. M. Ney, J. Engel, A. Ravlic, N. Paar
Summary: The temperature dependence of stellar electron-capture rates is investigated in this study, focusing on nuclei near N = 50, just above Z = 28, which are important during the core-collapse phase of supernovae. Two new microscopic calculations of stellar electron-capture rates are obtained using relativistic and nonrelativistic approaches, and are compared with large-scale shell-model calculations for Kr-86. Numerical simulations of core-collapse supernovae are performed to assess the impact of these rate differences on the collapse dynamics, and the results suggest that the input electron-capture rates are well constrained.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. Scomparin, T. Marchi, G. De Angelis, T. Baumann, D. Bazin, A. Gade, A. Gottardo, F. Gramegna, P. R. John, M. Klintefjora, K. Kolos, S. M. Lenzi, D. Mengoni, C. Michelagnoli, V. Modamio, D. R. Napoli, S. Noji, J. Pereira, F. Recchia, E. Sahin, J. J. Valiente-Dobon, K. Wimmer, D. Weisshaar, R. Zegers
Summary: This paper discusses a preliminary analysis of proton inelastic scattering on Ni-68, Ni-70, Ni-72 at intermediate energies, which is important for understanding the evolution of nuclear shells in the nickel isotopic chain. The paper provides a brief description of the physics case, setup, and particle identification methods.
NUOVO CIMENTO C-COLLOQUIA AND COMMUNICATIONS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Gade, R. V. F. Janssens, B. A. Brown, R. G. T. Zegers, D. Bazin, P. Farris, A. M. Hill, J. Li, D. Little, B. Longfellow, F. Nowacki, D. Rhodes, D. Weisshaar
Summary: Excited states in the neutron-rich nucleus Fe-68 were populated via a charge-exchange reaction, showing promising prospects for future in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy studies. The new gamma-ray transitions complement data from beta-decay studies and nucleon knockout reactions.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. C. Zamora, C. Sullivan, R. G. T. Zegers, N. Aoi, L. Batail, D. Bazin, M. Carpenter, J. J. Carroll, Y. D. Fang, H. Fujita, U. Garg, G. Gey, C. J. Guess, M. N. Harakeh, T. H. Hoang, E. Hudson, N. Ichige, E. Ideguchi, A. Inoue, J. Isaak, C. Iwamoto, C. Kacir, N. Kobayashi, T. Koike, M. Kumar Raju, S. Lipschutz, M. Liu, P. Von Neumann-Cosel, S. Noji, H. J. Ong, S. Peru, J. Pereira, J. Schmitt, A. Tamii, R. Titus, V Werner, Y. Yamamoto, X. Zhou, S. Zhu
Summary: By studying Mg-24 nucleus with Li-6 scattering experiment, properties related to isoscalar giant resonances and cluster states were investigated. The experimental data showed good agreement with theoretical predictions, and signatures of cluster states excitation were observed.
