Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tushar K. Saha, Jannik Ehrich, Momcilo Gavrilov, Susanne Still, David A. Sivak, John Bechhoefer
Summary: We experimentally demonstrate that information engines in contact with an out-of-equilibrium bath can convert thermal fluctuations into work at rates much higher than the traditional engines. By adding a fluctuating electric field, the work extraction can be increased up to ten times, limited only by the strength of the applied field. This connects Maxwell's demon with energy harvesting and shows the superior performance of information engines in non-equilibrium baths.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Shingo Urata, Hiroyuki Hijiya, Kazuhiko Niwano, Jun Matsui
Summary: In this study, alkaline silicate glass models were used to examine the applicability of a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation with an external alternating electric field in exploring the dielectric loss of amorphous materials. The study found that mixing alkalines can reduce the dielectric loss.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Corneel Casert, Tom Vieijra, Stephen Whitelam, Isaac Tamblyn
Summary: Researchers utilized a neural-network ansatz originally designed for quantum systems to study dynamical large deviations in classical systems, exploring the deviations in model glasses and kinetically constrained models in two dimensions. This study presents the first finite size-scaling analysis of the large-deviation functions of the two-dimensional Fredrickson-Andersen model and investigates the spatial structure of high-activity sectors in the South-or-East model, showcasing the wide applicability of the neural-network state ansatz in physics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Suman Kalyan Pradhan, Raktim Datta, Subham Majumdar, Mintu Mondal, Subodh Kumar De
Summary: The effect of partial electron doping (10% Fe) in the antiferromagnetic double perovskite La2CuIrO6 has been studied, revealing a significant modification in the microscopic magnetic interaction and the emergence of strong ferromagnetic ordering. The interaction among different magnetic orderings results in a cluster-glass state and novel zero-field-cooled exchange bias and conventional exchange bias effects at low temperature.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fabio Caruso
Summary: The coupled nonequilibrium dynamics of electrons and phonons in monolayer MoS2 are studied, with strict phase-space constraints in electron-phonon scattering significantly influencing the decay path of excited electrons and holes. The momentum selectivity in phonon emission results in highly anisotropic population of phonons in reciprocal space, persisting for up to 10 ps until thermal equilibrium is restored by phonon-phonon scattering. Achieving control of the nonequilibrium dynamics of the lattice may offer unexplored opportunities to selectively enhance the phonon population of two-dimensional crystals and tailor electron-phonon interactions over subpicosecond time scales.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziyao Xu, Yi Zhou, Chi Yung Yam, Lynn Gross, Antonietta De Sio, Thomas Frauenheim, Christoph Lienau, Guanhua Chen
Summary: By using an innovative quantum mechanical method, this study observes the generation and migration of electron-hole pairs in an organic photovoltaic cell in real time and space, leading to the emergence of current. The results support previous experimental evidence and provide insights for further exploration of charge separation and transport mechanisms.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Magdalena Tarnacka, Ewa Kaminska, Marian Paluch, Kamil Kaminski
Summary: In this study, the annealing of confined S-methoxy-PC within alumina and silica porous membranes was investigated using dielectric spectroscopy. It was found that the structural dynamics of confined S-methoxy-PC significantly slowed down below and above the glass transition temperature of the interfacial layer. Unexpectedly, a change in the temperature dependence of the characteristic time scale was observed at the glass transition temperature for all confined samples. Modeling results suggested that the decrease in pore radius caused by the vitrification of interfacial molecules contributed to the observed variation in the characteristic time scale.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lijun Dai, Haixiao Wan, Duo Xu, Xiaobin Dai, Gaojin Li, Li-Tang Yan
Summary: In this study, we investigated the active depletion phenomenon around self-propelled noninteractive colloids using mesoscale hydrodynamic simulation and theoretical analysis. Our results showed that the variable hydrodynamic effect plays a critical role in determining the microstructure of the depletion zone, leading to the identification of three characteristic states of anisotropic depletion. By developing a theoretical model with continuum kinetic theory, we developed a state diagram of depletion and provided a mechanistic interpretation of the hydrodynamic anisotropy in depletion. Additionally, we found that nonequilibrium depletion resulted in ordered clusters of squirmers, which follows a different principle compared to the entropy scenario of equilibrium depletion.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Business
Tinggui Chen, Yumei Jin, Jianjun Yang, Guodong Cong
Summary: This paper investigates the phenomenon of group panic buying and analyzes the factors that influence individual buying behavior. Through simulations, it is found that the intensity of epidemic information and government intervention significantly affect group rush buying behavior.
JOURNAL OF RETAILING AND CONSUMER SERVICES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Abhiram Soori
Summary: We propose a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junction where Josephson diode effect manifests when the normal metal region is driven. Time reversal symmetry and inversion symmetry need to be broken in the SNS junction for the diode effect to show up. We calculate long time averaged current and show that the system exhibits diode effect for two configurations of the driven SNS junction.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sara Pelargonio, Alessio Zaccone
Summary: We derive the Langevin equation with shear flow and its corresponding fluctuation-dissipation theorems from first principles. By starting from a classical Caldeira-Leggett Hamiltonian and modifying it with a term proportional to the strain-rate tensor, we obtain a generalized Langevin equation for the sheared system. Analytical computation of noise time-correlation functions reveals different regimes based on the intensity of the shear rate. In the limit of extremely weak shear rates compared to the effective vibrational temperature of the bath, the standard, simple, and Markovian form of the Langevin equation with shear flow postulated in the literature is valid. However, for higher shear rates, the (generalized) Langevin equation becomes non-Markovian and nontrivial fluctuation-dissipation theorems are derived.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shane P. Kelly, Ana Maria Rey, Jamir Marino
Summary: The study investigates the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of a many-body spin-boson model, finding that varying the frequency of photons can significantly alter the system's dynamical responses. When photons evolve at a similar rate as spins, they can induce qualitatively distinct frustrated dynamics, illustrating the resilience of glassylike dynamics in the presence of active photonic degrees of freedom. This suggests that disordered quantum many-body systems with resonant photons or phonons can exhibit a rich diagram of nonequilibrium responses, with potential applications in quantum information science in the near future.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. J. Bullard, M. A. Susner, K. M. Taddei, J. A. Brant, T. J. Haugan
Summary: The study investigates the magnetic and structural properties of the solid solution CuAl2(1-x)Ga2xO4, demonstrating a shift in Cu2+ ions from tetrahedral to octahedral sites with increasing Ga3+ ion concentration. While most of the solution exhibits glassy behavior, the trend is towards decreasing magnetic frustration as the Cu2+ ion moves to the B-site, with exceptions in the x = 0.1 and 0.2 members which show delayed spin glass transition. These members are suggested as additional candidates for investigating highly frustrated exotic quantum states.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiying Zhu, Hao Wang, Lingkang Wu, Mo Li
Summary: Crystalline materials undergo phase transitions from ordered to disordered state when heated, with the transition also possible via various stimuli like chemical mixing, irradiation, or hydrogen permeation. Research has shown that the first order transition can become continuous in certain diffusion couples, with anisotropic amorphization transition observed at the interface between crystal and amorphous alloy.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Geng Li, Z. C. Tu
Summary: This paper proposes a method based on a linear nonequilibrium equality to estimate the equilibrium free-energy difference more efficiently, showcasing its accuracy and effectiveness through simulations of a Brownian particle in a double-well potential.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kyoka Komaba, Ryo Miyashita, Reiji Kumai, Hiromasa Goto
Summary: Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized in ice crystal, resulting in a lamellar structure with higher electrical conductivity than traditionally synthesized PANI. Synchrotron XRD measurements revealed the same molecular structure between PANI prepared in ice crystal and liquid medium. Optical microscopy observations confirmed the morphological imprinting of resultant PANI from ice.
MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. Nakajima, D. Hirobe, G. Kawaguchi, Y. Nabei, T. Sato, T. Narushima, H. Okamoto, H. M. Yamamoto
Summary: Chiral molecules exhibit spin-selective charge emission, which is called chirality-induced spin selectivity. Despite being made of light elements, their spin polarization can exceed that of typical ferromagnets. This has potential applications in the chiral spintronics field. Through magnetoresistance measurements, we observed the two suggested phenomena, effective enhancement of spin-orbit interactions and chirality represented by oppositely polarized spins, in an organic chiral superconductor. Our findings provide insights into the origin of spin selectivity in chiral molecules and contribute to the development of superconducting spintronics research.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kyoka Komaba, Masashi Otaki, Reiji Kumai, Shigeki Nimori, Hiromasa Goto
Summary: Two types of disubstituted polyacetylenes were synthesized, one with short alkyl chains and another with long alkyl chains that underwent photo-cross-linking to form liquid crystal domains. Both polymers showed good solubility and exhibited liquid crystalline and luminescent properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Takuya Yonehara, Shigeki Nimori, Reiji Kumai, Hiromasa Goto
Summary: Monomers grow rapidly in an enhanced environment. This study synthesizes optically active polyisocyanides in a self-induced cholesteric liquid crystal reaction field and evaluates the resultant polymer's liquid crystallinity and magnetic orientation. By polymerizing a chiral isocyanide monomer in a chiral liquid crystal reaction field, a fingerprint-like pattern is observed. The resulting polymer, poly(phenyl isocyanide) (PPI), exhibits a one-handed helical structure and enhanced optical activity due to the chiral monomer's asymmetric polymerization in the liquid crystal reaction field. The PPI also shows liquid crystallinity and achieves magnetic orientation in a solvent vapor environment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruttapol Malatong, Takuro Sato, Jakkapan Kumsampao, Taketoshi Minato, Masayuki Suda, Vinich Promarak, Hiroshi M. Yamamoto
Summary: This study addresses the challenges of spin controllability, durability, and spin-polarization efficiency in chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) by developing a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of overcrowded alkene (OCA)-based molecular motor. It is demonstrated that the direction of spin polarization can be externally and repeatedly manipulated by switching the molecular chirality, and a higher stereo-ordering architecture of the SAM of OCAs enhances the efficiency of spin polarization. These findings provide a credible feasibility study for the development of CISS-based spintronic devices.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shoji Ishibashi, Reiji Kumai, Sachio Horiuchi
Summary: Some organic ferroelectrics, such as DHBA and Hdabco-ReO4, have two possible switching modes: molecular reorientation and proton transfer. This study demonstrates a straightforward method to identify the ferroelectric switching mechanism by illustrating the relationship between polarization vectors and using the theoretical background for the sign of the piezoelectric coefficient. The comparison between theoretically calculated piezoelectric coefficients and experimental results confirms the switching mode of each compound.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shingo Toyoda, Jiou-Cing Liao, Guang-Yu Guo, Yusuke Tokunaga, Taka-hisa Arima, Yoshinori Tokura, Naoki Ogawa
Summary: We report a giant magnetic-field effect on optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a noncentrosymmetric ferrimagnet Eu2MnSi2O7. The SHG intensity changes at visible photon energy of 2.8 eV by more than 7000% upon the reversal of magnetic-field direction. Such pronounced modulation of the nonlinear optical activity results from an interference between crystallographic and magnetically induced nonlinear polarization. The amplitude of these nonlinear optical susceptibilities is controlled by the spin alignment and the light incident angle, enabling to optimize the magnetic switching of SHG in detail.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroki Aizawa, Takuro Sato, Saori Maki-Yonekura, Koji Yonekura, Kiyofumi Takaba, Tasuku Hamaguchi, Taketoshi Minato, Hiroshi M. Yamamoto
Summary: By exploiting the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, the authors demonstrate enantioselectivity in the assembly of mesoscale helical supramolecules consisting of achiral molecules without the need for chiral catalysis. Unlike chiral molecules, the helical nature in these supramolecules is revealed to be mesoscopically incorporated by dislocation-induced discretized twists. The appearance of spin-polarized current further confirms the relevance of the CISS effect in these discretized helical supramolecules.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Correction
Energy & Fuels
Nianpeng Lu, Zhuo Zhang, Yujia Wang, Hao-Bo Li, Shuang Qiao, Bo Zhao, Qing He, Sicheng Lu, Cong Li, Yongshun Wu, Mingtong Zhu, Xiangyu Lyu, Xiaokun Chen, Zhuolu Li, Meng Wang, Jingzhao Zhang, Sze Chun Tsang, Jingwen Guo, Shuzhen Yang, Jianbing Zhang, Ke Deng, Ding Zhang, Jing Ma, Jun Ren, Yang Wu, Junyi Zhu, Shuyun Zhou, Yoshinori Tokura, Ce-Wen Nan, Jian Wu, Pu Yu
Editorial Material
Physics, Applied
Yoshinori Tokura
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Keisuke Matsuura, Yo Nishizawa, Yuto Kinoshita, Takashi Kurumaji, Atsushi Miyake, Hiroshi Oike, Masashi Tokunaga, Yoshinori Tokura, Fumitaka Kagawa
Summary: This study investigates the phenomenon of hysteresis broadening in first-order phase transition materials using real-space magnetic imaging techniques. The researchers discover that the activated behavior of phase-front velocity during the transition explains the pronounced hysteresis broadening observed at low temperature. The findings provide a quantitative and comprehensive understanding of hysteresis broadening from a microscopic perspective.
COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Kinoshita, T. Fujita, R. Kurihara, A. Miyake, Y. Izaki, Y. Fuseya, M. Tokunaga
Summary: In the presence of high magnetic fields, enhanced electronic correlation effects stabilize anomalous quantum states. With band-tuning using a magnetic field, we achieved a spin-polarized quantum-limit state in the field-induced semimetallic phase of a topological insulator Bi1-xSbx. Increasing the field further injects more electrons and holes into this state, resulting in an unexpected reentrant insulator state in this topological semimetallic phase. This reentrant insulator state cannot be explained by a single-particle picture and resembles phase transitions driven by many-body effects. Estimates based on binding energy, electron-hole pair spacing, and thermal de Broglie wavelength suggest the possible existence of the excitonic insulator phase in Bi1-xSbx under extreme conditions.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rajesh Dutta, Henrik Thoma, Andrew Sazonov, Balint Nafradi, Martin Meven, Arsen Gukasov, Vilmos Kocsis, Uli Zeitler, Alessandro Puri, Yusuke Tokunaga, Yasujiro Taguchi, Yoshinori Tokura, Sandor Bordacs, Istvan Kezsmaerki, Vladimir Hutanu
Summary: We conducted a study on a multiferroic Sr2CoSi2O7 (SCSO) single crystal using polarized and unpolarized neutron diffraction. Our measurements confirmed the existence of melilite-type tetragonal P4 over bar 21m space group as the parent structure of SCSO at 15 K, but revealed symmetry lowering with the possible orthorhombic Cmm'2' and P212'12' magnetic space groups at 2.3 K. The obtained ordered magnetic moments in both Cmm'2' and P212'12' magnetic space groups were around 2.86 and 2.94 mu B/Co2+ respectively, lying in the ab plane. Furthermore, our spin polarized flipping ratio measurements supported the presence of strong easy-plane spin anisotropy responsible for the in-plane order below TN as indicated by our bulk magnetization data.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V Pomjakushin, I. Plokhikh, J. S. White, Y. Fujishiro, N. Kanazawa, Y. Tokura, E. Pomjakushina
Summary: From new neutron powder diffraction experiments on MnGe, we determined all possible magnetic superstructures that fit the crystal symmetry. The magnetic structures exhibit incommensurate propagation vectors aligned with cubic axes. Multiple topologically nontrivial magnetic structures are found, including hedgehog and skyrmion structures, which may contribute to the topological Hall effect. The orthorhombic distortions caused by the transition to the magnetically ordered state leave both orthorhombic hedgehog and skyrmion models as equal candidates for the magnetic structures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kentaro Ueda, Tonghua Yu, Motoaki Hirayama, Ryo Kurokawa, Taro Nakajima, Hiraku Saito, Markus Kriener, Manabu Hoshino, Daisuke Hashizume, Taka-hisa Arima, Ryotaro Arita, Yoshinori Tokura
Summary: This study investigates the less studied half-Heusler alloy HoAuSn and demonstrates its transition into a Weyl semimetal state under a magnetic field, resulting in a significant decrease in resistance.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
