Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 86, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.075140
Keywords
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Funding
- Energy Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier Research Center
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-SC0001086]
- Cornell Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program in the Nanoscale Control of Surfaces and Interfaces
- National Science Foundation [DGE-0654193]
- Cornell Center for Materials Research
- Cornell University
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
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This work explores the use of joint density functional theory, an extension of density functional theory for the ab initio description of electronic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium with a liquid environment, to describe electrochemical systems. After reviewing the physics of the underlying fundamental electrochemical concepts, we identify the mapping between commonly measured electrochemical observables and microscopically computable quantities within an, in principle, exact theoretical framework. We then introduce a simple, computationally efficient approximate functional which we find to be quite successful in capturing a priori basic electrochemical phenomena, including the capacitive Stern and diffusive Gouy-Chapman regions in the electrochemical double layer, quantitative values for interfacial capacitance, and electrochemical potentials of zero charge for a series of metals. We explore surface charging with applied potential and are able to place our ab initio results directly on the scale associated with the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). Finally, we provide explicit details for implementation within standard density functional theory software packages at negligible computational cost over standard calculations carried out within vacuum environments.
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