Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ren Zhang, Yangqian Yan, Qi Zhou
Summary: Hall ribbons and Hall cylinders, fundamental theoretical tools in condensed matter physics, have been successfully synthesized in laboratories through engineering laser-atom interactions. Converting a synthetic Hall ribbon into a synthetic Hall cylinder can naturally lead to localization, with physical observables strongly dependent on the axial magnetic flux near localization-delocalization transitions. In the irrational limit, physical observables are no longer affected by the axial flux, providing a scheme to suppress decoherence induced by fluctuations of the axial flux.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jeong Ho Han, Dalmin Bae, Y. Shin
Summary: This study describes a synthetic three-leg Hall ladder system with a tunable magnetic flux for neutral Yb-173 atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice. The controllable magnetic flux is achieved through Raman couplings between spin states, and the quench dynamics of the system were investigated under various interleg link configurations, showing substantial damping in certain cases.
Article
Physics, Applied
Zhen Wang, Shiyuan Liu, Peilong Yuan, Xiaodong Xu
Summary: In this Letter, a bilayer elastic C-6v structure is proposed and used to manipulate two topological nontrivial valley pseudo-spin states. The transmission and prohibition of the elastic valley pseudo-spin states, as well as the tunneling between layers, can be flexibly controlled due to the interlayer polarization and mixing effects in the structure. The experimental results confirm the high transmission efficiency of elastic valley pseudo-spin states across layers, reaching 93%. This research expands and enriches the understanding of valley pseudo-spin states in the elastic environment and lays the foundation for the design of elastic topological devices.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stefanie Lehmann, Fabio Aldo Kraft, Martina Gerken
Summary: Organ-on-a-Chip systems are an important in vitro analysis method for drug screening and medical research. Photonic crystal slabs integrated with a microfluidic chip have been studied as an optical transducer for label-free biomarker detection. The binding kinetics of protein binding can be measured using a spectrometer and 1D spatially resolved data evaluation. The results show localized binding within a microfluidic channel and fading out of binding kinetics at the channel edge.
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Jennie L. Close, Brian R. Long, Hongkui Zeng
Summary: Spatially resolved transcriptomics has great potential in unraveling the organization of brain cell types and their relationship with connectivity, circuit dynamics, behavior, and disease, but technical challenges need to be overcome to fully realize its potentials.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
V Ranjan, B. Albanese, E. Albertinale, E. Billaud, D. Flanigan, J. J. Pla, T. Schenkel, D. Vion, D. Esteve, E. Flurin, J. J. L. Morton, Y. M. Niquet, P. Bertet
Summary: Electron spins are highly coherent solid-state systems that are crucial for quantum sensing and information processing applications. This study focuses on near-surface bismuth donor spins in silicon, investigating their coherence behavior through strain-induced frequency shifts and clock transition measurements. The findings include quantitative models of strain-split spin resonance spectra and extraction of paramagnetic impurity concentrations at the silicon surface, demonstrating the potential extension of coherence lifetimes by up to two orders of magnitude.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lyla Atta, Jean Fan
Summary: New computational analysis methods are needed for spatially resolved transcriptomic data, with opportunities for standardized benchmarking metrics and data-sharing infrastructure to drive innovation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kajetan M. Fijalkowski, Nan Liu, Pankaj Mandal, Steffen Schreyeck, Karl Brunner, Charles Gould, Laurens W. Molenkamp
Summary: Researchers have discovered the existence of chiral edge channels in a magnetic topological insulator up to a temperature of 20 K, compared to the current limit of 20 mK for achieving metrological precision of quantum anomalous Hall resistance quantization. The study provides insights into a major open question surrounding the quantum anomalous Hall effect, and reveals the reason behind this discrepancy through careful analysis of non-local voltages.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniele Capista, Luca Lozzi, Aniello Pelella, Antonio Di Bartolomeo, Filippo Giubileo, Maurizio Passacantando
Summary: Photodetectors based on vertical multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) film-Si heterojunctions are successfully achieved by growing MWCNTs on n-type Si substrates covered with Si3N4 layers. Spatially resolved photocurrent measurements demonstrate that higher photo detection is achieved in regions with thinner MWCNT film, resulting in nearly 100% external quantum efficiency. Therefore, a simple method utilizing scotch tape is proposed to tune the thickness and density of the as-grown MWCNT film, thereby enhancing the device photo-response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Peirats-Llobet, Changyu Yi, Lim Chee Liew, Oliver Berkowitz, Reena Narsai, Mathew G. Lewsey, James Whelan
Summary: A spatial transcriptomics workflow was developed for studying gene expression during barley grain germination, revealing specific spatial expression patterns of functional gene categories. Over 14,000 genes were differentially regulated within the first 24 hours after imbibition, with certain genes showing focused expression within subdomains of the embryo over time, suggesting their role in establishing the embryo axis.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tomoaki Kasuga, Jacco Vink, Satoru Katsuda, Hiroyuki Uchida, Aya Bamba, Toshiki Sato, John P. Hughes
Summary: The distribution and kinematics of the circumstellar medium around a supernova remnant provide valuable information about the explosion of its parent supernova. Analysis of the Kepler's supernova remnant shows a blueshifted circumstellar medium component with velocities in the range of 0-500 km/s, as well as a central bar structure with blueshifted and redshifted regions. This is consistent with previous studies suggesting a runaway asymptotic giant branch star moving towards us in the line of sight.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rui Chen, Hai-Peng Sun, Bin Zhou, Dong-Hui Xu
Summary: The quantum anomalous Hall effect is characterized by a quantized Hall resistance and vanishing longitudinal resistance. Many experiments have reported the quantization of Hall resistance, but always accompanied by a non-vanishing longitudinal resistance. This resistance exhibits a universal exponential decay with the increase in magnetic field. Our theory proposes that the coupling of chiral edge states, not properly evaluated in previous theories, can explain this non-vanishing longitudinal resistance.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
I. M. Flor, A. Lacerda-Santos, G. Fleury, P. Roulleau, X. Waintal
Summary: Recent experiments have shown that electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers of unprecedented fidelities could be built using a graphene pn junction in the quantum Hall regime. The separation between two different edge states in the junction is abnormally high and is independent of the exchange splitting value, being governed entirely by the sample geometry.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Giuliano Angelone, Manuel Asorey, Paolo Facchi, Davide Lonigro, Yisely Martinez
Summary: We propose a self-consistent model for the integer quantum Hall effect on an infinite strip and investigate the influence of finite-size effects on the Hall conductivity using boundary conditions. By exploiting translation symmetry, we determine the spectral properties of the system for a class of boundary conditions and the full spectrum for Robin boundary conditions. Our model reveals the existence of new states with no classical analogues and adds finer structure to the quantization pattern of the Hall conductivity. Additionally, we predict the breakdown of the quantum Hall effect at high values of the applied electric field.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xin Guan, Gang Chen, Jing Pan, Zhi-Guo Gui
Summary: This study proposes an experimental scheme using superconducting circuits and qubits to realize a Hall tube, and investigates its topological properties and chirality physics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omer Arif, Valentina Zannier, Francesca Rossi, Diego De Matteis, Katharina Kress, Marta De Luca, Ilaria Zardo, Lucia Sorba
Summary: Nanowire geometry offers the possibility of obtaining semiconductor heterostructures that are not achievable in planar systems, allowing for the exploration of new optical transitions and vibrational properties. High-quality superlattice nanowires have shown improved thermoelectric properties and the potential for engineering photonic and phononic properties at the nanoscale.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samuele Cornia, Valeria Demontis, Valentina Zannier, Lucia Sorba, Alberto Ghirri, Francesco Rossella, Marco Affronte
Summary: Novel approaches exploiting the interaction between microwaves and quantum devices are being developed for efficient microwave detection. In this study, InAs/InP nanowire double quantum dot-based devices are used as nanoscale detectors to measure the local field without calibration. The detector performance is evaluated, and it is shown that these devices allow direct assessment of the microwave field with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, potentially advancing the development of high-performance microwave circuitries.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mathieu Jeannin, Eduardo Cosentino, Stefano Pirotta, Mario Malerba, Giorgio Biasiol, Jean-Michel Manceau, Raffaele Colombelli
Summary: We demonstrate that absorption saturation of a mid-infrared intersubband transition can be achieved at moderate light intensities, showing potential for practical applications. The structure consists of a specially designed semiconductor heterostructure deposited on metal patches. By varying the incident intensity, the structure can switch from strong light-matter coupling with two absorption peaks to weak coupling with a single-peaked absorption. The behavior of the system can be explained using a coupled mode theory model, providing insights into the relevant system parameters.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aureliano Macili, Ylea Vlamidis, Georg Pfusterschmied, Markus Leitgeb, Ulrich Schmid, Stefan Heun, Stefano Veronesi
Summary: The use of three-dimensional graphene structures allows for overcoming the limitations of graphene's two-dimensional nature and enhances its ability to absorb hydrogen. This study investigates hydrogen bonding on monolayer graphene grown on a porous 4H-SiC wafer. The results reveal that the three-dimensional graphene structures can chemically bind atomic deuterium and may have a catalytic splitting mechanism. The porous material's dendritic structure temporarily retains desorbed molecules, leading to delayed emission, making these structures promising for hydrogen storage devices.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
G. De Filippis, A. de Candia, G. Di Bello, C. A. Perroni, L. M. Cangemi, A. Nocera, M. Sassetti, R. Fazio, V. Cataudella
Summary: Using advanced theoretical methods, we investigate the equilibrium properties and relaxation features of the dissipative quantum Rabi model, revealing a Beretzinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless quantum phase transition and the signatures of quantum phase transition in the time and frequency domains. We propose a realization of this model by coupling a flux qubit and a damped LC oscillator.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Michele Governale, Fabio Taddei
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the energy spectrum, surface states, and dipole matrix elements for optical transitions of 3D topological insulator nanocylinders with finite height and radius. We develop two models, a numerical tight-binding model and an approximated model, to calculate the properties. The agreement between the two models is excellent for the lowest absolute value of the longitudinal angular momentum. Analytical expressions for the dipole matrix elements are derived, and the limiting cases of tall and squat nanocylinders are compared with numerical results.
SCIPOST PHYSICS CORE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. G. Ahmad, V. Brosco, A. Miano, L. Di Palma, M. Arzeo, R. Satariano, R. Ferraiuolo, P. Lucignano, A. Vettoliere, C. Granata, L. Parlato, G. Ausanio, D. Montemurro, G. P. Pepe, R. Fazio, F. Tafuri, D. Massarotti
Summary: We demonstrate that split-transmon qubits based on tunnel ferromagnetic Josephson junctions provide an ideal platform to study noise fluctuations in ferromagnetic Josephson devices. By considering the transport properties of measured Al-based tunnel SFS Josephson junctions, a theoretical study is conducted to investigate the competition between intrinsic magnetization fluctuations in the barrier and quasiparticle dissipation, thus providing specific operation regimes to identify and disentangle the two noise sources, depending on the peculiar properties of the F layer and F/S interface.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. Massarotti, H. G. Ahmad, R. Satariano, R. Ferraiuolo, L. Di Palma, P. Mastrovito, G. Serpico, A. Levochkina, R. Caruso, A. Miano, M. Arzeo, G. Ausanio, C. Granata, P. Lucignano, D. Montemurro, L. Parlato, A. Vettoliere, R. Fazio, O. Mukhanov, G. P. Pepe, F. Tafuri
Summary: We discuss the capabilities and potential of ferromagnetic Josephson junctions (JJs) in various layouts and configurations, as well as their integration in superconducting classical and quantum electronics. The use of ferromagnetic JJs in quantum circuits has been demonstrated through experiments and electrodynamic characterization. The achievements in this field have paved the way for the implementation of Al tunnel-ferromagnetic JJs in superconducting quantum circuits and the development of a novel type of qubit based on ferromagnetic JJs.
LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Weitzel, Lea Pfaffinger, Ilaria Maccari, Klaus Kronfeldner, Thomas Huber, Lorenz Fuchs, James Mallord, Sven Linzen, Evgeni Il'Ichev, Nicola Paradiso, Christoph Strunk
Summary: We conducted a comprehensive investigation of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in ultrathin strongly disordered NbN films. Our measurements of resistance, current-voltage characteristics, and kinetic inductance on the same device provide consistent evidence for a sharp unbinding transition of vortex-antivortex pairs, which can be explained by standard renormalization group theory without extra assumptions of inhomogeneity. Our experiments demonstrate that the previously observed broadening of the transition is not intrinsic to strongly disordered superconductors, and provide a clean starting point for studying dynamical effects at the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gianmichele Blasi, Geraldine Haack, Vittorio Giovannetti, Fabio Taddei, Alessandro Braggio
Summary: Robust and tunable topological Josephson junctions are important for investigating the anomalous Josephson effect and topological quantum computation applications. In this work, a robust and electrostatically tunable TJJ is proposed by combining the physics of the integer quantum Hall regime and superconductors. The existence of protected zero-energy crossings, controlled through electrostatic external gates, is demonstrated.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Iorio, A. Crippa, B. Turini, S. Salimian, M. Carrega, L. Chirolli, V. Zannier, L. Sorba, E. Strambini, F. Giazotto, S. Heun
Summary: In this study, a ballistic InSb nanoflag-based Josephson junction with Nb superconducting contacts is investigated. The high transparency of the superconductor-semiconductor interfaces allows for the exploration of quantum transport with short and long conducting channels. Half-integer Shapiro steps are observed under microwave irradiation, which are robust to temperature and suggest a possible nonequilibrium origin. The results demonstrate the potential of ballistic InSb nanoflags Josephson junctions as a valuable platform for understanding the physics of hybrid devices and investigating their nonequilibrium dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joseph Poata, Fabio Taddei, Michele Governale
Summary: In this paper, the occurrence and features of corner states in convex polygon flakes are theoretically studied. The presence of corner states between two given edges is determined by analyzing the sign of their induced masses, and general rules for convex polygon flakes are derived. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical findings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fabio Taddei, Rosario Fazio
Summary: In this study, bounds to the thermodynamic uncertainty relations in two-terminal systems with broken time reversal symmetry are derived. The bounds are found to be different for charge and heat currents, depending on the system details and the ratio of applied voltage to temperature difference. The bounds are then calculated for a hybrid coherent superconducting system and the case of an Andreev interferometer is explored.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. A. Perroni, A. De Canada, V. Cataudella, R. Faizo, G. De Filippis
Summary: This study shows that changing the dissipative environment can alter the characteristics of continuous quantum phase transitions and induce first-order transitions in ferromagnetic spin chains. By coupling the spins to local quantum boson baths, the transition from the second to the first order can be driven even at low dissipation strength. The effective magnetic field induced by dissipation can switch the sign of magnetization and has implications for quantum sensing.
