Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chaolumen Wu, Qingsong Fan, Wanling Wu, Tian Liang, Yun Liu, Huakang Yu, Yadong Yin
Summary: Integrating plasmonic resonance into photonic bandgap nanostructures allows for additional control over their optical properties. One-dimensional plasmonic photonic crystals with angular dependent structural colors are fabricated by assembling magnetoplasmonic colloidal nanoparticles under a magnetic field. The assembled structures exhibit angular dependent colors based on the activation of optical diffraction and plasmonic scattering.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Lezheng Fang, Michael J. Leamy
Summary: This paper investigates the evanescent waves in one-dimensional nonlinear monatomic chains using a first-order Lindstedt-Poincare method. The study reveals the significant role of nonlinear evanescent waves in nonlinear interface problems and presents a classification for them. The perturbation approach used in the study provides important insights and is verified through numerical simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Silvia Tacchi, Jorge Flores-Farias, Daniela Petti, Felipe Brevis, Andrea Cattoni, Giuseppe Scaramuzzi, Davide Girardi, David Cortes-Ortuno, Rodolfo A. Gallardo, Edoardo Albisetti, Giovanni Carlotti, Pedro Landeros
Summary: The band diagram of a chiral magnonic crystal composed of a ferromagnetic film and an array of heavy-metal nanowires with periodic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya coupling is studied. Experimental evidence shows strong asymmetry of spin wave amplitude induced by modulated interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, resulting in nonreciprocal propagation. Flat spin-wave bands are observed at low frequencies in the band diagram. Depending on the perpendicular anisotropy, the spin-wave localization associated with the flat modes can occur in zones with or without Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jiawei Li, Yanpeng Zhang, Jianhua Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the existence and stability of dark gap solitons in one-dimensional periodic nonlinear media with second-order and fourth-order dispersions. The research finds that the stability of solitons is significantly affected by normal and anomalous fourth-order dispersion.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Igor V. Zagorodnev, Andrey A. Zabolotnykh, Danil A. Rodionov, Vladimir A. Volkov
Summary: The article discusses the physics of plasmons in conductive solids, specifically in two-dimensional electron systems. The behavior of plasmons in stripe and disk geometries is analyzed using a simple conductivity approach. The article also explores the nontrivial damping behavior of plasmons in gated disks and predicts a nonmonotonic dependence on system parameters. Additionally, the article discusses the discovery of near-gate plasmons propagating along laterally confined gates and their potential for frequency and spatial manipulation.
Article
Crystallography
Yan Chen, Gen Li, Rujie Sun, Guoping Chen
Summary: This paper investigates elastic wave propagation in one-dimensional discrete local resonance nonlinear phononic crystals using the perturbation method and derives the nonlinear dispersion relation through analytical solution. The results indicate that the band's cut-off frequency is closely related to the degree of nonlinearity and wave amplitude.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhang, Bin Ai, Panpan Gu, Yuduo Guan, Zengyao Wang, Zifan Xiao, Gang Zhang
Summary: Sub-10 nm nanogaps with tailored chiroptical responses were fabricated between two nanocrescents through nanoskiving, breaking mirror symmetry with subsequent deposition. Strong plasmonic coupling excited in the gaps and at the tips lead to circular dichroism activity. The chiral nanogaps can recognize specific cysteine enantiomers and show potential in various chiral applications.
Article
Physics, Applied
Attique Dawood, SaeJune Park, Rowan Parker-Jervis, Chris Wood, Lianhe H. Li, Edmund H. Linfield, Alexander Giles Davies, John Cunningham, Oleksiy Sydoruk
Summary: We demonstrate the engineering of low-terahertz range plasmonic spectra in two-dimensional electron systems by modifying their geometry. By comparing the results of two devices, one with a rectangular channel and the other with a trapezoidal channel, we show the different characteristics of each device. This research highlights the potential of modifying the channel geometry to obtain different spectra in experiments and has important implications for the design of novel terahertz-range devices.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
X. J. Zhou, Z. Gu, Y. Xing
Summary: This study investigates the interface optical phonons in double-channel AlGaN/GaN heterostructures using a dielectric continuous model and transfer matrix method. The effects of ternary mixed crystal and size on phonon dispersion relations and electrostatic potentials are analyzed. Results show six branches of interface phonon modes, with the possibility of the absence of the highest frequency mode under certain conditions. Ternary mixed crystal and size effects not only influence the values of phonon frequency and electrostatic potential, but also alter the vibration mode of interface phonons.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Polina Matveeva, Tyler Hewitt, Donghao Liu, Kethan Reddy, Dmitri Gutman, Sam T. Carr
Summary: The authors construct microscopic models of one-dimensional noninteracting topological insulators in all chiral universality classes. They find that the Z topological index in individual chains is defined only up to a sign, and the freedom to choose the sign of the chiral symmetry operator on each chain independently allows for two distinct possible chiral symmetry operators. The authors also study the properties of edge states in the constructed models, discuss the role of particle-hole symmetry in protecting edge states, and generalize the results to the case of an arbitrary number of coupled chains.
Article
Mathematics
Luc Molinet, Tomoyuki Tanaka
Summary: In this paper, the Cauchy problem for one-dimensional dispersive equations with a general nonlinearity in the periodic setting is considered. The main hypotheses are the behavior of the dispersive operator for high frequencies and the form of the nonlinear term. Under these conditions, the unconditional local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem is proved in a certain function space, and global solutions exist in a specific energy space.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hajir Hilal, Qiang Zhao, Jeongwon Kim, Sungwoo Lee, MohammadNavid Haddadnezhad, Sungjae Yoo, Soohyun Lee, Woongkyu Park, Woocheol Park, Jaewon Lee, Joong Wook Lee, Insub Jung, Sungho Park
Summary: This study demonstrates a new three-dimensional nanostructure with polarization-independent SERS activity, prepared through a precise synthesis method. This unique structure shows efficient interaction with light and analytes, providing new possibilities for optical-based sensing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fariborz Kargar, Andrey Krayev, Michelle Wurch, Yassamin Ghafouri, Topojit Debnath, Darshana Wickramaratne, Tina T. Salguero, Roger K. Lake, Ludwig Bartels, Alexander A. Balandin
Summary: We conducted a study of quasi-1D TaSe3-delta nanoribbons exfoliated onto gold substrates using tip-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The results showed that the nanoribbons exhibit either metallic or semiconducting behavior depending on the selenium deficiency. The study also found that TERS is essential for understanding the properties of low-dimensional systems.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Meier, Paulo E. Faria, Ferdinand Haas, Emma-Sophia Heller, Florian Dirnberger, Viola Zeller, Tobias Korn, Jaroslav Fabian, Dominique Bougeard, Christian Schueller
Summary: In this study, single ultrathin pure-wurtzite-phase GaAs-AlGaAs core-shell nanowires were investigated using resonant inelastic light scattering (RILS). The electronic systems in the studied nanowires were found to be in the 1D quantum limit, with intersubband excitations mainly of single-particle origin. The experimental findings were consistent with a three-step scattering mechanism based on Coulomb interactions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xudong Chen, Qihui Ye, Mingyuan Sun, Gang Song, Song Wang, Yanzhu Hu
Summary: The chirality of the dispersion relations and propagation lengths of two fundamental modes in single silver nanowires coated by chiral TDBC were analyzed. Differences were observed between the modes coated by left and right TDBC, and the propagation length was found to decrease sharply due to the dissipation of TDBC. The study suggests potential applications in detecting chiral molecules based on the observed differences in dispersion relation and propagation length.
Article
Optics
Alexander Luce, Ali Mahdavi, Florian Marquardt, Heribert Wankerl
Summary: This article introduces a Python package for calculating optical reflection and transmission in multilayer thin film structures, which provides fast parallel computation for experimentation with new optimization techniques, generation of datasets for machine learning, and effective evolutionary optimization. Additionally, an OpenAI Gym environment is provided for training reinforcement learning agents on the problem of finding multilayer thin-film configurations.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juliane Doster, Tirth Shah, Thomas Foesel, Philipp Paulitschke, Florian Marquardt, Eva M. Weig
Summary: Nanomechanics has matured as a field, with coupled nanomechanical resonator arrays serving as important model systems for studying collective dynamics. In this study, a two-dimensional array of pillar resonators encoding a mechanical polarization degree of freedom was introduced to analyze polarization patterns and identify topological singularities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Min Yu, Yu Liu, Pengcheng Yang, Musang Gong, Qingyun Cao, Shaoliang Zhang, Haibin Liu, Markus Heyl, Tomoki Ozawa, Nathan Goldman, Jianming Cai
Summary: This study experimentally demonstrates near saturation of the quantum Cramer-Rao bound in phase estimation of a solid-state spin system. By comparing the experimental uncertainty in phase estimation with the related quantum Fisher information, the researchers provide evidence for the accuracy limit set by the Cramer-Rao bound. This method offers a versatile and powerful tool to explore the Cramer-Rao bound and quantum Fisher information in systems of higher complexity.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hengjiang Ren, Tirth Shah, Hannes Pfeifer, Christian Brendel, Vittorio Peano, Florian Marquardt, Oskar Painter
Summary: This article reports the realization of topological phonon transport in an optomechanical device and introduces the design and measurement results of the experiment. This study represents a significant advancement in the field of downscaled mechanical topological systems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Applied
Valentin Gebhart, Raffaele Santagati, Antonio Andrea Gentile, Erik M. Gauger, David Craig, Natalia Ares, Leonardo Banchi, Florian Marquardt, Luca Pezze, Cristian Bonato
Summary: Although the complexity of quantum systems increases exponentially with their size, classical algorithms and optimization strategies still play a crucial role in characterizing and detecting quantum states and dynamics. The future of quantum technologies relies on developing complex quantum systems for computation, simulation, and sensing, which poses challenges in control, calibration, and validation. This review explores classical post-processing techniques and adaptive optimization approaches to learn about quantum systems, their correlations, dynamics, and interaction with the environment, using various qubit architectures such as spin qubits, trapped ions, photonic and atomic systems, and superconducting circuits. It also highlights the importance of Bayesian formalism and neural networks.
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Alexander Luce, Ali Mahdavi, Heribert Wankerl, Florian Marquardt
Summary: In this research, the authors use a conditional invertible neural network (cINN) to design multilayer thin-films based on an optical target. The cINN is trained to learn the loss landscape of all thin-film configurations within a training dataset, allowing it to generate proposals for thin-film configurations that are close to the desired target. By further refining these proposals through local optimization, the generated thin-films achieve the target with greater precision compared to existing approaches. The cINN also demonstrates the ability to predict thin-films for out-of-distribution targets.
MACHINE LEARNING-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tiago Mendes-Santo, Markus Schmitt, Markus Heyl
Summary: Spectral functions are crucial for bridging experimental probes and theoretical models in condensed matter physics. In this study, we propose a versatile method using neural quantum states to obtain spectral properties through simulations of the dynamics of initially localized excitations in real or momentum space. We apply this method to compute the dynamical structure factor near the quantum critical points of different two-dimensional Ising models, including ones that describe the complex density wave orders of Rydberg atom arrays. By combining it with deep network architectures, our method accurately describes the dynamical structure factors of arrays with up to 24 x 24 spins, including the diverging timescales at critical points.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Mario Krenn, Jonas Landgraf, Thomas Foesel, Florian Marquardt
Summary: In recent years, the rapid development in machine learning has had a significant impact on various fields of science and technology. This perspective article explores how quantum technologies are benefiting from this revolution. It showcases how scientists have utilized machine learning and artificial intelligence to analyze quantum measurements, estimate parameters of quantum devices, discover new quantum experimental setups and protocols, and improve aspects of quantum computing, communication, and simulation. The article also highlights the challenges and future possibilities in the field and provides speculative visions for the next decade.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tirth Shah, Florian Marquardt, Vittorio Peano
Summary: The valley Hall effect is a useful method for creating stable waveguides for bosonic excitations such as photons and phonons. The absence of backscattering in many experiments is due to a smooth-envelope approximation that neglects large momentum transfer, but this accuracy is limited to small bulk band gaps and/or smooth domain walls. In experiments with larger bulk band gaps and hard domain walls, significant backscattering is expected. We demonstrate that in this relevant regime, the reflection of a wave at a sharp corner is highly sensitive to the orientation of the outgoing waveguide in relation to the underlying lattice. Enhanced backscattering occurs due to resonant tunneling transitions in quasimomentum space. Tracking the resonant tunneling energies with changes in waveguide orientation reveals a self-repeating fractal pattern that is also observed in the density of states and the backscattering rate at a sharp corner.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nilotpal Chakraborty, Markus Heyl, Petr Karpov, Roderich Moessner
Summary: The study proposes disorder-free localization as a mechanism for ergodicity breaking in lattice gauge theories and presents a comprehensive characterization of quantum localization transition in a 2D quantum link model.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudia Artiaco, Federico Balducci, Markus Heyl, Angelo Russomanno, Antonello Scardicchio
Summary: We propose a spatiotemporal characterization of entanglement dynamics in many-body localized (MBL) systems, finding a resemblance to dynamical heterogeneity in classical glasses. Our study reveals that the relaxation times of local entanglement are spatially correlated, establishing a dynamical length scale for quantum entanglement. The MBL system consists of dynamically correlated clusters, decomposing into active regions with fast entanglement dynamics and inactive regions with slow dynamics. The relaxation times of on-site concurrence become broadly distributed and more spatially correlated as disorder increases or the energy of the initial state decreases. Through our spatiotemporal characterization, we uncover a previously unrecognized connection between classical glasses and the genuine quantum dynamics of MBL systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. Karpov, G-Y Zhu, M. P. Heller, M. Heyl
Summary: We demonstrate that quantum Ising chains offer a suitable platform for realizing and studying particle collisions with both elastic and inelastic properties. The proposed setup enables us to observe the entire spatiotemporal dynamics of the collision event. The Ising chains considered in this study can be easily implemented in various quantum simulators, and we discuss a potential implementation using Rydberg atoms. We also highlight the possibility of extending the results and techniques to lattice gauge theories and higher dimensions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Riccardo Porotti, Antoine Essig, Benjamin Huard, Florian Marquardt
Summary: Quantum control has gained increasing interest recently, and feedback-based deep reinforcement learning strategies hold great promise for solving quantum control problems. This study found that reinforcement learning can successfully discover feedback strategies, achieving high-fidelity state preparation and even superposition states.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Naeimeh Mohseni, Thomas Foesel, Lingzhen Guo, Carlos Navarrete-Benlloch, Florian Marquardt
Summary: The study demonstrates the power of deep learning in predicting the dynamics of quantum many-body systems, even without full information during training, accurately predicting driving trajectories. This scheme provides considerable speedup for pulse optimization.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lingzhen Guo, Vittorio Peano, Florian Marquardt
Summary: Recent research has discovered that atoms subjected to a time-periodic drive can form a crystal structure in phase space. The interactions between atoms lead to collective phonon excitations and phononic Chern insulator in the phase space crystal, accompanied by topologically robust chiral transport. This finding has important implications for the dynamics of two-dimensional charged particles in a strong magnetic field.
