Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Karuppasamy Pandian Marimuthu, Giyeol Han, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: The study investigates the effect of modulation ratio on the mechanical characteristics of multilayer Zr-based TFMG, demonstrating that appropriate selection of layer pattern and modulation ratio can improve mechanical performance. The proposed FE model can be utilized for achieving maximum mechanical performance of TFMG coated products.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Assel Aitkaliyeva
Summary: Metallic nuclear fuels have been extensively studied for over 60 years, showing distinctive irradiation behaviors compared to oxide fuels. Current gaps in understanding and recommendations for future research direction are identified for metallic U-Zr and U-Pu-Zr fuels. This review highlights key aspects of metallic fuel irradiation behaviors and points out areas for further research based on recent studies.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Xiaochang Tang, Laiquan Shen, Huaping Zhang, Wanghui Li, Weihua Wang
Summary: Metallic glasses have potential as engineering materials, but their limited ductility is a major challenge. This study investigates the formation of nano-corrugations (NCs) in brittle metallic glasses and proposes a stress-driven cavitation process as the underlying mechanism. The findings shed light on the understanding of dynamic fracture propagation in amorphous materials and have implications for predicting damage development.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Thomaz Augusto Guisard Restivo, Raphael Basilio Pires Nonato, Rossana Rossoni Figueira, Odirlei Amaro Ferreira, Claudio Padovani, Norberto Aranha, Denicesar Baldo, Cecilia Guedes e Silva, Michelangelo Durazzo
Summary: Metallic diamond (MD) is a new alloy class with unparalleled hardness surpassing current alloys by more than twofold, reaching up to 2500 HV (kgf mm(-2)). Simple metallurgical principles are employed in the alloy design, using the Lattice Occupancy Project aided by Diamoy 1.0 software to maximize chromium equivalent values and promote body-centred cubic structures. Powder metallurgy techniques are suggested as valid processing routes for forming these challenging alloys into parts. The sintering behavior of the hardest MD-4 and MD-5 alloy powders is studied, with MD-5 showing intense shrinkage and MD-4 exhibiting minimal sintering. MD-5 alloy powder is identified as a promising raw material for tool parts production in competition with cemented carbide hard tools.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
K. F. Kelton
Summary: Researchers explore the properties of metallic liquids at high temperatures and how these properties can improve predictions for glass formation. The concept of liquid fragility and its connection to liquid structure is discussed. Recent advances in crystal growth and nucleation are also reviewed, as well as approaches for improving glass stability and rejuvenation for enhanced plasticity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. F. Ma, P. Huang, F. Wang
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of positive and negative flow unit sizes on strain rate sensitivity (SRS) by altering the microstructural features of magnetron sputtering CuZr MG, showing that the sizes of flow units play crucial roles in determining the magnitude of SRS.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Firlus, Mihai Stoica, Stefan Michalik, Robin E. Schaeublin, Joerg F. Loeffler
Summary: The Invar effect in Fe-based bulk metallic glasses is widely observed, but its manifestation at the atomic scale is not well understood. In this study, in-situ X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the structural transformations of two bulk metallic glasses, revealing that the Invar effect is consistent with macroscopic thermal expansion and correlated with Fe-Fe pair distance.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Donghua Xu, Zhengming Wang, Lei Chen, Tittaya Thaiyanurak
Summary: Understanding the crystallization mechanisms in nano-sized metallic glasses (MGs) is crucial for the manufacturing and application of these new nanomaterials with unique structural and functional properties. Through molecular dynamics simulations and atomistic visualization, we address important questions regarding nucleation and growth modes in MG nanorods. Our study shows that nucleation predominantly occurs on the surface of nano-sized MGs, while the growth mode and resulting grain structure depend on the nanorod diameter. This atomistic insight provides valuable information for the development and utilization of nano-sized MGs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bida Zhu, MinSheng Huang, Zhenhuan Li, Juan Du, Yuanzun Sun, Manru He, Yixiong Zhang
Summary: The effects of irradiation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu64Zr36 metallic glasses were investigated through large-scale molecular dynamics simulations. Prolonged irradiation led to a decrease in density and Cu-centered full icosahedron clusters, altering the deformation mode and enhancing ductility of the samples. The irradiation-induced ductility enhancement was attributed to two mechanisms: strain energy release through STZ activation and shear band propagation restraint via the STZ-vortex mechanism.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Y. Song, Y. Teng, Z. D. Sha
Summary: It has been found that hydrogen microalloying can cause a transition in the failure mechanism of metallic glasses from shear banding to cracking. A theoretical model based on the concept of energetic model is proposed to rationalize this transition. Cracking behavior becomes more significant with increasing hydrogen content, advancing our understanding of the failure mechanism in hydrogen-alloyed metallic glasses.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lingyi Meng, Xiaohu Yao
Summary: Metallic glasses have short-range order but lack long-range order. The short-range order is mostly found in dominant clusters with higher local order metrics, while medium-range order is mainly represented by Bergman-type order centered on icosahedral clusters. With increasing length scale, the correlation between neighboring atoms decreases, including the icosahedral cluster network.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Jiang, Zhen Lu, Jie Shen, Takeshi Wada, Hidemi Kato, Mingwei Chen
Summary: The study reveals that high entropy metallic glasses exhibit a depressed dynamical glass transition phenomenon, with HEMGs having moderate calorimetric T-g showing the highest T-alpha and the maximum activation energy of alpha-relaxation. This decoupling of glass transitions from thermal and mechanical measurements demonstrates the impact of high configurational entropy on the structure and dynamics of supercooled liquids and metallic glasses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. Q. Zhou, Q. F. He, X. D. Liu, Q. Wang, J. H. Luan, C. T. Liu, Y. Yang
Summary: This study developed a hybrid machine learning model for compositional design of metallic glasses based on a database of -5000 different compositions, providing a new approach for MG design. The hybrid model was validated numerically and experimentally, enabling accelerated design and expanded applications of MGs.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Monika Antoni, Florian Spieckermann, Niklas Plutta, Christoph Gammer, Marlene Kapp, Parthiban Ramasamy, Christian Polak, Reinhard Pippan, Michael J. J. Zehetbauer, Juergen Eckert
Summary: The effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by means of high-pressure torsion (HPT) on Fe73.9Cu1Nb3Si15.5B6.6 and Fe81.2Co4Si0.5B9.5P4Cu0.8 iron-based metallic glasses were compared. HPT processing extended the consolidation and deformation ranges for Fe73.9Cu1Nb3Si15.5B6.6, and achieved consolidation and deformation with minimum cracks for Fe81.2Co4Si0.5B9.5P4Cu0.8 for the first time. Various analyses revealed that Fe81.2Co4Si0.5B9.5P4Cu0.8 exhibited HPT-induced crystallization phenomena, while Fe73.9Cu1Nb3Si15.5B6.6 did not crystallize even at high HPT-deformation degrees.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sidra Jilani, Leah S. Koloadin, David M. Miskovic, Kevin J. Laws
Summary: Magnesium-based metallic glasses have been developed with high casting thicknesses and excellent mechanical properties, suitable for use as resorbable biological implant materials. The alloys exhibit promising potential in the field of biomaterials.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuzuru Miyazaki, Naoki Igawa, Kunio Yubuta
Summary: The study analyzed the crystal structure of alpha'-type layered sodium cobalt oxide NaxCoO2 using the (3+1)-dimensional superspace approach, revealing that the Na atoms undergo displacive modulation resulting in a transformation of NaO6 octahedra coordination to trigonal prismatic coordination through capped trigonal prismatic NaO7 coordination.
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Himanshu Kaushik, Al Ramanathan, Mohd Soheb, Monica Sharma Shamurailatpam, Kalyan Biswal, Arindan Mandal, Chetan Singh
Summary: The study revealed that Lato Lake has expanded significantly over the past 50 years, with the lake area increasing while the glacier area decreasing. The lake water is slightly alkaline, with dominant ions including HCO3-, Ca2+, and SO42-. The hydrogeochemistry of the lake water is primarily controlled by rock weathering.
Article
Geography, Physical
Thupstan Angchuk, Alagappan Ramanathan, I. M. Bahuguna, Arindan Mandal, Mohd Soheb, Virendra Bahadur Singh, Somdutta Mishra, Sarvagya Vatsal
Summary: Improving knowledge of Himalayan glaciers mass balance is crucial for understanding current and past atmospheric variations, as well as future water availability. The study of Patsio Glacier in the western Himalayas revealed a cumulative mass balance over seven years with consistent winter mass balance values, showing a positive correlation with annual and winter precipitation in the region. Monitoring seasonal mass balance and considering non-climatic parameters like debris and aspect are important for accurate estimation of glacier-wide mass balance.
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Monica Sharma Shamurailatpam, Om Kumar, AL. Ramanathan
Summary: The study used multi-proxy analysis of sediment from Chandratal lake in the northwestern Himalayas to reconstruct climate variability over the past 6300 years, revealing changes in monsoon patterns and the presence of the Holocene Climate Optimum period.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohd Soheb, Alagappan Ramanathan, Anshuman Bhardwaj, Lydia Sam
Summary: Tourism-driven economic transformation has led to increased exploitation of scarce natural resources in Ladakh region. This study reveals significant environmental changes in rural Ladakh, including decrease in glacier area and vegetation cover, and increase in built-up and lake area. Recognizing these changes, strategies should be devised to ensure sustainable resource use and management.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryotaro Aso, Hajime Hojo, Yoshio Takahashi, Tetsuya Akashi, Yoshihiro Midoh, Fumiaki Ichihashi, Hiroshi Nakajima, Takehiro Tamaoka, Kunio Yubuta, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Hisahiro Einaga, Toshiaki Tanigaki, Hiroyuki Shinada, Yasukazu Murakami
Summary: In this study, we directly identified the charge state of individual platinum nanoparticles supported on titanium dioxide using ultrahigh sensitivity and precision electron holography. The analysis revealed the number and sense of the charge per platinum NP, and the underlying mechanism of platinum charging was explained by work function differences between platinum and titanium dioxide and first-principles calculations.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Anshula Dhiman, A. L. Ramanthan, Mark Macklin, Shailesh Yadav, Stuti Kushwaha, Amogh Mudbhatkal, Venkatramanan Senapathi
Summary: This study focuses on the distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in river water, bed sediment, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) along the Ganga River basin. The study found that the concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in river water, aluminum (Al) and zinc (Zn) in bed sediment, and aluminum (Al) and chromium (Cr) in SPM exceeded the limits. The study also highlighted that SPM acts as a sink for metals.
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoni Zhang, Miwa Hikichi, Takushi Iimori, Yuki Tsujikawa, Mei Yuan, Masafumi Horio, Kunio Yubuta, Fumio Komori, Masahiro Miyauchi, Takahiro Kondo, Iwao Matsuda
Summary: We propose an improved method for synthesizing borophane sheets. By incorporating hydrochloric acid into the ion-exchange reaction, we significantly increased the production yield from 20% to over 50%. Through a thorough examination, we gained insights into the underlying mechanisms and discovered that hydrochloric acid accelerates borophene production and isolates high-purity products. This method has the potential to enable the production of novel topological 2D materials with potential industrial applications.
Article
Water Resources
Anshul Sud, Rahul Kanga, Suraj Kumar Singh, Gowhar Meraj, Shruti Kanga, Pankaj Kumar, A. L. Ramanathan, Sudhanshu Sudhanshu, Vinay Bhardwaj
Summary: This study used the MIF technique combined with geospatial models to evaluate potential groundwater zones in the Bilaspur district. The results classified the potential groundwater areas into five categories: nil-very low, very low-low, low-moderate, moderate-high, and high-very high. This study provides valuable insights for long-term planning and water resource management in the region.
Article
Water Resources
Arif H. Ansari, Veeru Kant Singh, Pankaj Kumar, Mukund Sharma, Anupam Sharma, Satyakam Patnaik, Gurumurthy P. Gundiga, Ishwar Chandra Rahi, Mohammad Arif Ansari, A. L. Ramanathan
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of trace elements, major cations, and anions in three physicochemically distinct hotspring sites in the Ladakh region. The results were integrated with the existing geochemical and isotopic data to address the research problem more effectively. The study found that the extreme concentrations of boron, sodium, chlorine, potassium, and tungsten in the hotspring waters were primarily governed by magmatic fluid inputs.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Kunio Yubuta, Akira Yasuhara, Akiko Nomura, Toetsu Shishido, Kazumasa Sugiyama, Kaoru Kouzu, Shigeru Okada, Takao Mori
Summary: Self-flux grown alpha-HoAlB4 and alpha-ErAlB4 single crystals exhibit spin glass magnetic behavior. Spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques reveal substitutions in the Al atom sites, which play a significant role in stabilizing the YCrB4-type compounds.
SOLID STATE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Arindan Mandal, Thupstan Angchuk, Mohd Farooq Azam, Alagappan Ramanathan, Patrick Wagnon, Mohd Soheb, Chetan Singh
Summary: This study analysed a meteorological dataset from a weather station located in the western Himalayas to investigate the drivers of surface energy balance (SEB) at the glacier/snow surface. The results showed that cloud cover plays a crucial role in limiting short-wave radiation and turbulent heat flux, thereby reducing snow sublimation. Turbulent latent heat flux was the dominant component of SEB during winter, and cloud cover modulated the near-surface boundary layer conditions, affecting the favourable conditions for turbulent latent heat flux.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mohd Soheb, Alagappan Ramanathan, Anshuman Bhardwaj, Millie Coleman, Brice R. Rea, Matteo Spagnolo, Shaktiman Singh, Lydia Sam
Summary: This study presents a multi-temporal inventory of glaciers in the Ladakh region, covering four Upper Indus sub-basins and three internal drainage basins. The inventory includes data from 1977, 1994, 2009, and 2019, and records information on 2257 glaciers. Results show the highest concentration of glaciers in the higher elevation zones.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Makoto Tokuda, Kunio Yubuta, Toetsu Shishido, Kazumasa Sugiyama
Summary: The crystal structures of rare-earth trirhodium diborides, namely PrRh3B2, NdRh3B2, and SmRh3B2, were refined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The structures of these compounds are isotypic with that of CeRh3B2. The analysis of the obtained data allowed for the modeling of all atoms with anisotropic displacement parameters (ADPs) and the discussion of their features in relation to RERh3B2-type and analogous structures.
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shruti Dutta, A. L. Ramanathan
Summary: Glaciers serve as natural indicators of climate change and natural buffers of the water cycle. A study on the Chandra-Bhaga basin showed a 16.7% loss in glacier area, with smaller and medium-sized glaciers melting at a faster rate compared to larger ones.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)