Article
Physics, Applied
S. Honari, S. Haque, T. Lu
Summary: By adding a chemo-mechanical polishing procedure to conventional photolithography, a silica microdisk with ultra-high quality factors (>10^8) can be fabricated. At the 1550 nm wavelength, water molecule absorption at the cavity surface supersedes Rayleigh scattering as the dominant factor for quality factor degradation.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rafal Oldziejewski, Alessio Chiocchetta, Johannes Knoerzer, Richard Schmidt
Summary: Excitons in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides confined to a one-dimensional geometry undergo a crossover from a Tonks-Girardeau to a charge density wave regime. Realistic system parameters are taken into account to predict the effective exciton-exciton interaction potential, showing key signatures of many-body crossover even at small exciton numbers. Photoluminescence spectra are found to provide accessible experimental fingerprints of strongly correlated quantum many-body states.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qian Liang, Xuekai Ma, Teng Long, Jiannian Yao, Qing Liao, Hongbing Fu
Summary: We demonstrate an organic circularly polarized (CP) laser from a pure organic crystal-filled microcavity without any chiral molecules or chiral structures. The giant anisotropy and excellent laser gain of organic crystals can induce the optical Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling effect, which is conductive to the CP laser in such microcavities. The maximum dissymmetry factor of the CP lasing with opposite helicities reaches 1.2. Our strategy may provide a new idea for the design of CP lasers towards future 3D laser displays, information storage, and other fields.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haowen Zhou, William E. Perreault, Nandini Mukherjee, Richard N. Zare
Summary: The collision dynamics between a pair of aligned molecules in the presence of a partial-wave resonance provide a sensitive probe of long-range anisotropic forces. By controlling the collision temperature and geometry, the cold rotationally inelastic scattering of optically state-prepared D-2 molecules was studied.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pei-Ji Zhang, Qing-Xin Ji, Qi-Tao Cao, Heming Wang, Wenjing Liu, Qihuang Gong, Yun-Feng Xiao
Summary: The study demonstrates the single-mode lasing behavior of the supermode Raman laser in a whispering-gallery microcavity, with improved performance using self-injection to manipulate the lasing supermodes, resulting in increased side-mode suppression ratio and reduced laser linewidth.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanqiang Li, Xu Zhang, Yang Zhou, Weiqi Huang, Yipeng Song, Han Wang, Minjuan Li, Maochun Hong, Junhua Luo, Sangen Zhao
Summary: A new anisotropic crystal CsH2C6N9•H2O with large birefringence has been successfully synthesized, showing potential for highly efficient manipulation of optics and light in optical modulation devices.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kristen A. Colwell, Megan N. Jackson, Rodolfo M. Torres-Gavosto, Sudi Jawahery, Bess Vlaisavljevich, Joseph M. Falkowski, Berend Smit, Simon C. Weston, Jeffrey R. Long
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using noncoordinating buffers to independently control reaction pH during metal-organic framework synthesis, showing the role of coordinators in governing crystal morphology. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that crystal growth along a specific direction can be controlled by varying the coordination strength, ultimately impacting gas diffusion pathways.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenjie Wang, Yao Wang, Runze He, Xiaozheng Wang, Zheng Shen, Xiaocang Han, Alicja Bachmatiuk, Wen Wen, Mark H. Rummeli, Pan Liu, Mengqi Zeng, Lei Fu
Summary: This article reports a peculiar single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation from organic crystals to inorganic crystals, achieving a drastic change in structure, connectivity, and dimension. This transformation expands the research scope of single-crystal transformations and provides a novel pathway for the synthesis of crystalline materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ran Ding, Gao-Da Ye, Jing Feng
Summary: This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in linearly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (LP-OLEDs), which are roughly divided into three categories: mechanical treatment, structural assistance, and self-assembled materials. The study is expected to provide updated information on high efficiency and high polarization LP-OLEDs for scientists in a multi-disciplinary field and increase attention to this growing research field.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Zihao Chu, Huanqing Chen, Xinrui Mao, Yanping Li, Wanjin Xu, Guangzhao Ran
Summary: In this study, high-quality two-dimensional single-crystalline perovskite thin films were successfully grown, and an anisotropic exciton-polariton microcavity was constructed. Strong exciton-photon coupling with a large coupling strength was observed. The anisotropic perovskite microcavity showed crystal birefringence, indicating its potential as a platform for characterizing material anisotropic properties and as a room-temperature polaritonic device.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Bluschke, Rourav Basak, Andi Barbour, Ashley N. Warner, Katrin Fursich, Stuart Wilkins, Sujoy Roy, James Lee, Georg Christiani, Gennady Logvenov, Matteo Minola, Bernhard Keimer, Claudio Mazzoli, Eva Benckiser, Alex Frano
Summary: In this work, we demonstrate the extension of Bragg coherent diffractive imaging using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering to study the mesoscopic texture of an antiferromagnetic order parameter. We successfully extracted the arrangements and sizes of antiferromagnetic domains in PrNiO3 and showed that the approach could be applied to study the motion of dilute domains or topological defects in antiferromagnetic spin textures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lisa M. van Wyk, Leigh Loots, Leonard J. Barbour
Summary: The thermal expansion behavior of a series of 1D coordination polymers has been investigated, showing that variation of the metal center allows tuning of the thermal expansion behavior. Preparation of solid solutions can further increase the magnitude of the anomalous thermal expansion, producing species with supercolossal anisotropic thermal expansion.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Torsten Wieduwilt, Ronny Foerster, Mona Nissen, Jens Kobelke, Markus A. Schmidt
Summary: In this work, the authors demonstrate the potential of fiber-assisted nanoparticle-tracking-analysis for characterizing very small nanoparticles (<20nm) with high precision. Through experimental studies and statistical analysis, they were able to characterize diffusing nanoparticles as small as 9nm, reaching the fundamental limit of Nanoparticle-Tracking-Analysis. The obtained results outperform other realizations and have implications for various applications such as nanoparticle growth and pharmaceutical control.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuri Shvyd'ko, Ralf Roehlsberger, Olga Kocharovskaya, Jorg Evers, Gianluca Aldo Geloni, Peifan Liu, Deming Shu, Antonino Miceli, Brandon Stone, Willi Hippler, Berit Marx-Glowna, Ingo Uschmann, Robert Loetzsch, Olaf Leupold, Hans-Christian Wille, Ilya Sergeev, Miriam Gerharz, Xiwen Zhang, Christian Grech, Marc Guetg, Vitali Kocharyan, Naresh Kujala, Shan Liu, Weilun Qin, Alexey Zozulya, Jorg Hallmann, Ulrike Boesenberg, Wonhyuk Jo, Johannes Moeller, Angel Rodriguez-Fernandez, Mohamed Youssef, Anders Madsen, Tomasz Kolodziej
Summary: Resonant oscillators with stable frequencies and large quality factors are important for precise time measurement. The search for more stable and convenient reference oscillators is ongoing, with nuclear oscillators being superior to atomic oscillators due to their higher quality factors and resilience against external perturbations. A promising case is the ultra-narrow nuclear resonance transition in Sc-45, which requires accelerator-driven, high-brightness X-ray sources for resonant excitation. Recent advancements using a state-of-the-art X-ray free-electron laser have allowed for the determination of the transition energy with an uncertainty two orders of magnitude smaller than before. These advances open up possibilities for the application of Sc-45 in extreme metrology, nuclear clock technology, ultra-high-precision spectroscopy, and similar fields.
Article
Optics
Takenori Tanno, Ryo Shimada, Takumu Takaya, Wataru Sasaki, Manabu Yamada, Emi Adachi, Shinichi Yodokawa, Toru Kurabayashi
Summary: A terahertz linear polarizer was developed using a single crystal of methyl 4-nitrobenzoate, with flat molecules arranged in parallel efficiently absorbing terahertz waves with high anisotropy. The highest degree of polarization of 76% was achieved at 2.74 THz, establishing a new category of polarizer that can be manufactured in a simple process at low cost.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eunice Y. Paik, Long Zhang, Shaocong Hou, Haonan Zhao, Yu-Hsun Chou, Stephen R. Forrest, Hui Deng
Summary: This study presents a method to assemble high quality-factor microcavities for van der Waals materials using high reflectance top mirrors. The method can be generalized to other photonic structures and will facilitate research using van der Waals materials.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haonan Zhao, Jongchan Kim, Kan Ding, Mina Jung, Yongxi Li, Harald Ade, Jun Yeob Lee, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: By incorporating a sterically bulky, electron-transporting host material into a conventional single host-guest emissive layer, the phase separation of the host matrix can be suppressed, leading to improved efficiency and operational lifetime of deep-blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs). This bulky host allows for homogeneous mixing of the emissive layer molecules while preventing single host aggregation and nonradiative recombination. The controlled amorphous phase morphology of the mixed-host device reduces nonradiative exciton decay and enhances external quantum efficiency by 120 +/- 6% compared to a similar single-host device. Additionally, the mixed host facilitates the conduction of both charge carriers, reducing the probability of exciton annihilation and doubling the operational lifetime of deep-blue PHOLEDs.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhiyi Chen, Boning Qu, Baoyang Jiang, Stephen R. Forrest, Jun Ni
Summary: Tension control is critical for maintaining good product quality in roll-to-roll (R2R) production systems. This study proposes a robust linear parameter-varying model predictive control (LPV-MPC) scheme to enhance tension tracking performance in a pilot R2R system. By separately handling disturbances caused by model uncertainties and dynamics changes, the controller achieves fast transient response and offset-free tension tracking.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Li, Chengyu Zou, Chen Chen, Sixuan Li, Ziyu Zhu, Qiuyue Fan, Rui Pang, Fengshi Li, Zengai Chen, Zhenghong Wang, Weifeng Yu, Junying Yuan, Peiying Li
Summary: This study demonstrates that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promotes endothelial cell (EC) death under inflammatory conditions, thus contributing to blood-brain barrier disruption.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Claire Arneson, Xinjing Huang, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: This study demonstrates a method for achieving tunable white light through the side-by-side positioning of monochromatic blue and yellow phosphorescent OLED stripes using a high-resolution mechanical peel-off patterning method. The results show a peak luminous power efficiency of 17.1 lm W-1 and an external quantum efficiency of 11.8%, as well as the ability to adjust the color temperature and color rendering index of the light source. The peel-off technique used in this method ensures a comparable device lifetime to conventionally patterned devices.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yongxi Li, Xinjing Huang, Hafiz K. M. Sheriff Jr, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: The narrow and intense absorption spectra of organic materials offer the possibility to develop efficient organic photovoltaic devices that are different from other solar cell technologies. By selectively absorbing light in specific ranges, these materials can be used for power-generating windows that are semitransparent in the visible range but absorb strongly in the ultraviolet and infrared regions, providing a sustainable solution for clean energy generation.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yongxi Li, Xinjing Huang, Austin R. Mencke, Sunil Kumar Kandappa, Tonghui Wang, Kan Ding, Zuo-Quan Jiang, Aram Amassian, Liang-Sheng Liao, Mark E. Thompson, Stephen R. Forrest Abe
Summary: In order to improve the performance and lifetime of organic photovoltaic devices, precise control over the purity, composition, and structure of organic semiconductors is necessary. Ternary-blend organic photovoltaics have shown promise in improving solar spectral coverage and reducing energy losses. However, the blending process compromises the purity of the ternary blend, leading to impurities that affect device reproducibility and long-term reliability.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiuyang Li, Adam Alfrey, Jiaqi Hu, Nathanial Lydick, Eunice Paik, Bin Liu, Haiping Sun, Yang Lu, Ruoyu Wang, Stephen Forrest, Hui Deng
Summary: A method based on 1-dodecanol encapsulation and gold-tape-assisted exfoliation is developed for the synthesis of large-area and high-quality transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers. The encapsulated monolayers show uniform exciton energy, linewidth, and quantum yield over the whole area, and can be integrated with photonic crystal cavities to enhance light-matter coupling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boning Qu, Zhiyi Chen, Lucas Lahann, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: White organic light emitting devices (WOLEDs) have advantages as solid state lighting sources, offering high energy efficiency, superior color quality, and a flexible, thin profile. Recent advances suggest that mass production of WOLED panels is approaching. This research estimates the cost of white WOLED panel production and predicts that with incremental costs reduction and improved luminance, WOLED lighting can be more affordable and suitable for various premium lighting applications.
Article
Physics, Applied
Jihun Lim, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: Air-bridge thermophotovoltaic (ABTPV) devices achieve nearly 99% utilization of out-of-band (OOB) photons. The thermodynamic limit for single junction ABTPVs is determined to be 55.5% at an emitter temperature of 1400 K, compared to the reported efficiency of 32%. A technology computer-aided design model predicts that reducing surface-recombination velocity improves the efficiency limit to 48.6%. Free-carrier absorption and shadowing effects have been analyzed for their impact on TPV performance.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jihun Lim, Bosun Roy-Layinde, Bin Liu, Andrej Lenert, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: An air-bridge thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell is demonstrated to achieve nearly complete utilization of out-of-band (OOB) photons. By using a flat In0.53Ga0.47As TPV membrane, the cell achieves an OOB reflectance (R (OOB)) of 98.9 +/- 0.1% under 1279 K blackbody illumination. The flat TPV cell exhibits improved spectral efficiency and power conversion efficiency compared to the buckled cell.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bin Liu, Jason Lynch, Haonan Zhao, Ben R. Conran, Clifford McAleese, Deep Jariwala, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), a subclass of 2D layered materials, show promise as a platform for photonic and optoelectronic devices. This study demonstrates centimeter-scale monolayers of WS2 grown using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, with polariton propagation lengths of up to 60 μm. The polaritons are formed through the coupling of excitons with Bloch surface waves (BSWs) supported by all-dielectric photonic structures. The results provide a practical approach for engineering long-range energy transport in TMD layers mediated by exciton-polaritons, enabling room temperature TMD-based polaritonic devices.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiuyang Li, Adam Alfrey, Jiaqi Hu, Nathanial Lydick, Eunice Paik, Bin Liu, Haiping Sun, Yang Lu, Ruoyu Wang, Stephen Forrest, Hui Deng
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boning Qu, Haonan Zhao, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: A comprehensive numerical model is developed to quantitatively analyze the charge and exciton distributions in phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). The model is validated by direct measurement of the exciton distribution in monochromatic phosphorescent OLEDs and accurately predicts the intensity and current-dependent spectral shifts in complex, multilayer WOLEDs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinjing Huang, Yongxi Li, Stephen R. Forrest
Summary: Blending dipolar NFA molecules in ternary organic photovoltaics (OPVs) reduces the operational stability due to the reorganization and reorientation of these molecules, which increases the dielectric constant of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and decreases the electric field, leading to a larger reduction in charge collection efficiency over time.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2023)