Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 88, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.010304
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Funding
- Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP110103473, DP120103776]
- Overseas Team Program of the Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61179030]
- ARC Future Fellowship [FT120100449]
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In this Rapid Communication, we consider the open problem of the minimum cost of two-qubit gates for simulating the Toffoli gate and show that five two-qubit gates are necessary. Before our work, it was known that five two-qubit gates are sufficient to implement the Toffoli gate, and numerical evidence indicates that five two-qubit gates are also necessary. The idea introduced here can also be used to solve the problem of optimal simulation of Deutsch three-qubit gates.
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