4.6 Article

First-order phase transition and anomalous hysteresis of Bose gases in optical lattices

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 88, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.033624

Keywords

-

Funding

  1. JSPS [25800228]
  2. ARO [W911NF-09-1-0220]
  3. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25800228] Funding Source: KAKEN

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We study the first-order quantum phase transitions of Bose gases in optical lattices. A special emphasis is placed on an anomalous hysteresis behavior, in which the phase transition occurs in a unidirectional way and a hysteresis loop does not form. We first revisit the hardcore Bose-Hubbard model with dipole-dipole interactions on a triangular lattice to analyze accurately the ground-state phase diagram and the hysteresis using the cluster mean-field theory combined with cluster-size scaling. Details of the anomalous hysteresis are presented. We next consider the two-component and spin-1 Bose-Hubbard models on a hypercubic lattice and show that the anomalous hysteresis can emerge in these systems as well. In particular, for the former model, we discuss the experimental feasibility of the first-order transitions and the associated hysteresis. We also explain an underlying mechanism of the anomalous hysteresis by means of the Ginzburg-Landau theory. From the given cases, we conclude that the anomalous hysteresis is a ubiquitous phenomenon of systems with a phase region of lobe shape that is surrounded by the first-order boundary.

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