Article
Optics
Chin-Yao Cheng, Jia-Juan Lee, Zi-Yu Liu, Jiun-Shiuan Shiu, Yong-Fan Chen
Summary: Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) is a critical technology in photonic quantum information science. A resonant four-wave mixing system based QFC scheme can greatly suppress vacuum field noise and allow the converted photon to inherit the quantum state of the input photon with high fidelity, demonstrating that the wave function and quadrature variance of the converted photon are almost the same as the input probe photon if the conversion efficiency is close to 100%.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Kwasny, Pawel Mergo, Marek Napierala, Krzysztof Markiewicz, Urszula A. Laudyn
Summary: We demonstrate a partially degenerated intermodal four-wave mixing process in a few-mode nonlinear optical fiber, leading to the effective generation of visible light. By using a self-seeded configuration, high wavelength conversion efficiency can be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Kwasny, Pawel Mergo, Marek Napierala, Krzysztof Markiewicz, Urszula A. Laudyn
Summary: Our study investigated the partially degenerate intermodal four-wave mixing process in nonlinear multimode optical fibers with strain-induced birefringence. The difference in refractive index along two orthogonal directions significantly affected the frequency conversion and modal field profiles. The efficiency of the FWM process for different polarizations of the pump beam was also determined.
Article
Physics, Applied
Li-Guo Qin, Guo-Dong Yan, Jie-Hui Huang, Li-Li Wang, Hui-Ping Wang, Zhong-Yang Wang, Shang-Qing Gong
Summary: Future quantum networks will require reversible coherent conversion and modulation between microwave and optical photons to combine the quantum information-processing ability of microwaves with the long-distance distribution capability of optical photons. A scheme of bi-directional phase controllable four-wave mixing between microwave and optical fields has been presented, utilizing a nanomechanical optomechanical resonator as an intermediate interface. This hybrid optomechanical system offers potential for electro-optic modulation and a broad range of applications in optical communications and quantum networks.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Lan-Tian Feng, Yu-Jie Cheng, Xiao-Zhuo Qi, Zhi-Yuan Zhou, Ming Zhang, Dao-Xin Dai, Guang-Can Guo, Xi-Feng Ren
Summary: This study investigates the spontaneous four-wave mixing effect in cryogenically-operated silicon waveguides and demonstrates its effectiveness in generating quantum photonic sources. The generated cryogenic photon-pair source is verified over multiple frequency channels within a bandwidth of approximately 2 THz and is utilized to generate high-quality frequency-multiplexed energy-time entangled states. This work advances the development of cryogenic nonlinear photonics and scalable integrated photonics for quantum information processing.
Article
Optics
Yongyao Li, Jiantao Lu, Shenhe Fu, Ady Arie
Summary: The research explores the application of adiabatic geometric phase (AGP) in nonlinear frequency conversion, developing canonical Hamilton equations and geometric representations for four-wave mixing (FWM) processes. The study systematically investigates AGPs of idler and signal waves in different pump wave scenarios, demonstrating universal methods for AGP calculations applicable to shaping or encoding ultrafast light pulses through FWM processes.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yang Zhang, Jun Ye, Xiaoya Ma, Jiangming Xu, Tianfu Yao, Pu Zhou
Summary: Efficient frequency conversion with weak spectral broadening characteristics is achieved through Raman-assisted four-wave mixing in birefringent phosphosilicate fiber. The output power of the generated Stokes light reaches 12.05 W, with a conversion efficiency of 67.4%. The laser system has unique advantages in suppressing spectral broadening and the output linewidth is less than half of conventional Raman fiber lasers at the same power level. This work provides a reference for efficient narrow linewidth frequency conversion or amplification.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuanhongliu Gao, Xiaoyu Chen, Tonglei Cheng, Fang Wang, Xin Yan
Summary: This study demonstrates all-optical wavelength conversion using cascaded four-wave mixing (FWM) phenomena with graphene oxide (GO) and a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) device. The experimental results show that GO, with its strong third-order nonlinear effect, is an excellent material for nonlinear optical wavelength conversion. The amplification of HNLF and GO, along with the group velocity matching of pump and signal, promotes the cascaded nonlinear frequency mixing process. The maximum spacing between signal and pump is found to be 21 nm, and the order of cascaded FWM light increases as GO increases, leading to a maximum first-order FWM conversion efficiency of -14.5 dB. This is the first investigation of cascaded FWM-based all-optical wavelength conversion in HNLF-GO with wide wavelength selectivity, providing a new approach for fabricating high-performance nonlinear optical devices.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daquan Yang, Yuanyuan Guo, Wen Chen, Yanran Wu, Kunpeng Zhai, Xin Wang, Jiabin Cui, Huashun Wen, Chuan Wang
Summary: In this study, a packaged silica microrod resonator (PSMR) with ultrahigh-Q of 9.0 x 10(8) is experimentally demonstrated. The PSMR shows high stability of resonant wavelength shift within 0.032 pm and has the potential to be a platform for optical signal processing and quantum photonics.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yanbo Lou, Yingxuan Chen, Jiabin Wang, Shengshuai Liu, Jietai Jing
Summary: By experimentally implementing quantum squeezing enhancement based on phase-sensitive cascaded four-wave mixing (CFWM) processes, the intensity-difference squeezing (IDS) between the two outputs was enhanced to about 7.42 dB compared with IDS generated by the single four-wave mixing (FWM) process (about 3.31 or 4.01 dB). This enhancement is enabled by the intrinsic interference nature of phase-sensitive CFWM processes and the contribution of more gain from the two FWM processes. The internal phase plays an important role in IDS enhancement.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dan Yang, Yongqing Huang, Xiaofeng Duan, Kai Liu, Yisu Yang, Xiaomin Ren
Summary: This work investigates the optoelectronic mixing characteristics of the uni-traveling carrier photodetector (UTC-PD). Three different types of optoelectronic mixing modes are analyzed, and methods to improve the power of the mixing output signal are proposed. The results show that adjusting the peak-to-peak value of the RF signal and increasing the power of the optical signal are effective ways to enhance the output power of the mixing product.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Federico Andrea Sabattoli, Houssein El Dirani, Laurene Youssef, Francesco Garrisi, Davide Grassani, Luca Zatti, Camille Petit-Etienne, Erwine Pargon, J. E. Sipe, Marco Liscidini, Corrado Sciancalepore, Daniele Bajoni, Matteo Galli
Summary: The study presents a method for generating identical photon pairs with high signal-to-noise ratio in a ring resonator system, by eliminating parasitic noise through a novel system design. This paves the way for the development of integrated devices exploiting the unique properties of identical photon pairs in the same optical mode.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong Wu, Li Shen, Haonan Ren, Meng Huang, Cosimo Lacava, Joseph Campling, Shiyu Sun, Thomas W. Hawkins, Ursula J. Gibson, Periklis Petropoulos, John Ballato, Anna C. Peacock
Summary: Silicon core fibers have shown promise for nonlinear signal processing, with advancements in parametric amplification, wavelength conversion, and all-optical signal processing, showcasing their potential for future telecommunications systems.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Vishal Sharma, Surinder Singh, Lovkesh, Elena A. Anashkina, Alexey V. Andrianov
Summary: In this study, a wide and flat optical frequency comb is achieved by utilizing highly nonlinear fiber, and its performance is further enhanced by passing the comb through a longer fiber.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shota Ishimura, Hidenori Takahashi, Takehiro Tsuritani, Masatoshi Suzuki
Summary: Angle modulation, such as phase and frequency modulation (FM/PM), can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of analog optical links. This paper proposes an optical implementation using four-wave mixing (FWM) in an optical fiber to increase the bandwidth of an optical angle-modulated signal. Two types of FWM-based methods are proposed, which can enhance the SNR of the original signal by 6 dB and 9.5 dB, respectively.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xiaodong Shi, Weichen Fan, Yaoqin Lu, Anders Kragh Hansen, Mingjun Chi, Ailun Yi, Xin Ou, Karsten Rottwitt, Haiyan Ou
Summary: This study reports on four-wave mixing experiments with different polarization and spatial modes in a single 4H-silicon carbide photonic device. The device shows potential for high-dimensional multiplexing in optical communication and high-dimensional entanglement in quantum networks. Additionally, the research demonstrates the polarization dependence of the third-order nonlinearity in 4H-silicon carbide.
Article
Optics
Joao M. B. Pereira, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Karsten Rottwitt, Graham Town, Fredrik Laurell, Walter Margulis
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of the electrooptic effect to control the propagation constant of guided modes in silicate few mode fibers with internal electrodes. By inducing a perturbation of the fiber's refractive index profile, intermodal interference can be controlled. Poling the silicate fibers increases the electrooptic effect, resulting in a nanosecond response time.
Article
Optics
Neethu Mariam Mathew, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Zepeng Wang, Lars Sogaard Rishoj, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: A new LP02 mode converter is developed by tapering a bundle of single-mode fibers, which can excite the LP02 mode effectively over a broad wavelength range.
Article
Optics
Xiaodong Shi, Jingjing Zhang, Weichen Fan, Yaoqin Lu, Nianhua Peng, Karsten Rottwitt, Haiyan Ou
Summary: This study proposes a compact coupling scheme for silicon carbide polarization beam splitter, which enables efficient low-birefringence polarization splitting by modulating the magnetic mode distribution. The performance of the device is experimentally validated.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lars Gruener-Nielsen, Michael Stuebert Berger, Mads Nielsen, Neethu Mariam Mathew, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: This article presents a converter that converts singlemode fiber to the fundamental mode of a multimode fiber (OM2, OM3, OM4, or OM5) and successfully transmits 100 GbE over a 1600 m multimode fiber using commercial transceivers without any detected errors. The converter achieves this by splicing a short length of few-mode fiber between the singlemode fiber and the multimode fiber. The few-mode fiber is designed to have a good mode overlap with the fundamental mode of the multimode fiber and is equipped with an optimized bend-based mode stripper to suppress any higher order modes. The converter has a low loss of 0.35 dB, which is lower than previous solutions, and it does not include any free space part or mechanical connections, ensuring low loss, low cross talk, and good long-term stability.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Neethu Mariam Mathew, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Mads Lillieholm, Michael Galili, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: This paper presents the fabrication steps for an air-clad photonic lantern that can excite the first two LP mode groups in a multimode fiber. Experimental results show excellent performance of the fabricated lantern in terms of multiplexing crosstalk, demultiplexing crosstalk, and MDM transmission.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaodong Shi, Yaoqin Lu, Nianhua Peng, Karsten Rottwitt, Haiyan Ou
Summary: This study proposes polarization-independent optical devices based on a quantum material platform of silicon carbide (SiC), which are used for single-photon manipulation with unknown polarization states. The experimental results demonstrate excellent performance of these devices for both high-power and ultra-low power incident light.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Zepeng Wang, Mads Holmark Vandborg, Tomin Joy, Neethu Mariam Mathew, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Lars Sogaard Rishoj, Jesper Bjerge Christensen, Thorben Jostmeier, Benjamin Marx, Wieland Hill, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: This study presents a numerical and experimental investigation on the deformation of probe pulses in a forward-pumped distributed Raman amplifier on a 40-km standard single mode fiber. While distributed Raman amplification improves the range of OTDR-based sensing systems, it may cause pulse deformation. However, this deformation can be mitigated by using a smaller Raman gain coefficient, and the sensing performance can be maintained by compensating for the decrease in gain coefficient through increased pump power. The study predicts the tunability of the Raman gain coefficient and pump power levels, while ensuring the probe power remains below the modulation instability limit.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaodong Shi, Yaoqin Lu, Didier Chaussende, Karsten Rottwitt, Haiyan Ou
Summary: In this work, we propose two methods to improve the 4H-SiC thin film quality for SiC integrated photonic chips, including wet-oxidation-assisted CMP and high-temperature annealing. Wet-oxidation-assisted CMP significantly reduces surface roughness and mitigates light scattering loss, while high-temperature annealing helps decrease material absorption loss. Experimental results show that these methods effectively increase the intrinsic quality factor of 4H-SiC optical microring resonators.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jacob G. Koefoed, Ronny R. Muller, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: Silicon photonics is a promising platform for quantum information applications. Intermodal four-wave mixing in silicon waveguides can be used to create entangled photon pairs that are purely entangled in their transverse waveguide mode. By analyzing the state of produced photon pairs numerically, a theoretical fidelity of 99.6% to a true Bell state in the transverse mode with no spectral correlations is achieved.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Karsten Rottwitt, Jacob Gade Koefoed, Lars Sogaard Rishoj
Summary: We investigate the potential to generate photons with high-dimensional entanglement in their orbital angular momentum through multiple simultaneous four-wave-mixing processes. A realistic fiber design is studied, and it is shown that states with high entanglement negativity can be obtained.
2023 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICALS MEETING SERIES, SUM
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Denis Bolotov, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Karsten Rottwitt, Lars Sogaard Rishoj
Summary: We demonstrate effective frequency conversion through intermodal Bragg scattering. Conversion efficiency up to -3.6 dB is achieved between waves spanning almost 600 nm. All-fiber mode conversion is achieved using a long-period grating with an efficiency of 98%.
2023 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICALS MEETING SERIES, SUM
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Mads Holmark Vandborg, Neethu Mariam Mathew, Jesper Bjerge Christensen, Lars Sogaard Rishoj, Lars Gruner-Nielsen, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: Using a stochastic model, the characteristics of spontaneously initiated Brillouin scattering in a single-mode optical fiber are successfully reproduced.
2022 EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL COMMUNICATION (ECOC)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Parisah Akrami, Lars Gruner Nielsen, Lars Sogaard Rishoj, Karsten Rottwitt
Summary: Recent progress has been made on the fabrication of heat induced long period gratings (LPGs) in few mode fibers for stable mode conversion, demonstrating a simple, effective, and low-cost method for manufacturing LPGs compared to more complex approaches. The physical mechanisms for the refractive index change are believed to be caused by a combination of residual stress relaxation and fiber tapering, with grating periods as low as 622 μm demonstrated and even smaller periods considered feasible.
NEXT-GENERATION OPTICAL COMMUNICATION: COMPONENTS, SUB-SYSTEMS, AND SYSTEMS X
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Davide Bacco, Ilaria Vagniluca, Daniele Cozzolino, Soren M. M. Friis, Lasse Hogstedt, Andrea Giudice, Davide Calonico, Francesco Saverio Cataliotti, Karsten Rottwitt, Alessandro Zavatta
Summary: Despite the potential crucial impact of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) in the next decades, challenges such as the co-propagation of quantum signals and high-speed data traffic within the same optical fiber still exist. To address these challenges, a new method based on up-conversion assisted receiver has been proposed, showing higher tolerance for noise and enabling the distribution of secret keys under conditions of 4 dB-higher classical power.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
