Article
Ecology
Odbayar Tumendemberel, Joel M. Tebbenkamp, Andreas Zedrosser, Michael F. Proctor, Erik J. Blomberg, Dana J. Morin, Frank Rosell, Harry V. Reynolds, Jennifer R. Adams, Lisette P. Waits
Summary: The brown bear population in the Gobi Desert of southwestern Mongolia, known as the Gobi bear, is one of the smallest and most isolated populations in the world. Genetic sampling conducted in 2009, 2013, and 2017 revealed a stable population trend, but with a very low population size and skewed sex ratio towards males, raising concerns for future persistence. Conservation efforts are needed to protect this isolated bear population.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tzoulia-Maria Tsalazidou-Founta, Evangelia A. Stasi, Maria Samara, Yorgos Mertzanis, Maria Papathanassiou, Pantelis G. Bagos, Spyros Psaroudas, Vasiliki Spyrou, Yorgos Lazarou, Athanasios Tragos, Yannis Tsaknakis, Elpida Grigoriadou, Athanasios Korakis, Maria Satra, Charalambos Billinis
Summary: This study estimated the population size, genetic status, and gene flow of brown bear sub-populations in three National Parks in Greece. The results showed high levels of inbreeding in some sub-populations and a distinct genetic structure in one sub-population. Significant gene flow was also observed between certain sub-populations.
Article
Zoology
Delgerchimeg Davaasuren, Chinchuluu Nominchuluu, Sukhbaatar Lkhagvatseren, Harry Reynolds, Odbayar Tumendemberel, Jon E. Swenson, Andreas Zedrosser
Summary: This study presents the first survey of ecto- and endoparasites in brown bears in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The findings include the presence of Dermacentor nutalli and Hyalomma asiaticum ticks, as well as eggs of Strongyloides spp. parasites.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nikolina Kelava Ugarkovic, Miljenko Konjacic, Josip Malnar, Kristijan Tomljanovic, Nikica Sprem, Damir Ugarkovic
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of sex and age on the proximate chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and lipid indices of brown bear meat. Results showed that age had an effect on the traits analyzed, while no significant differences were found related to sex.
Article
Forestry
Angela Anna Rositi, Giovanna Jona Lasinio, Paolo Ciucci
Summary: The availability of hard mast and soft-mast producing species is influenced by forest typology, historical forestry practices, and topographical features. Herb cover is negatively affected by terrain steepness and basal area, while ant richness is associated with forest volume and density. These findings provide valuable information for forest management practices to support the conservation of Apennine bears in the long term.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Neda Bogdanovic, Andreas Zedrosser, Anne G. Hertel, Alejandra Zarzo-Arias, Dusko Cirbvic
Summary: Natural habitats are being degraded and fragmented due to human expansion, threatening the survival of many species. Understanding species distribution and identifying movement corridors is crucial for conservation. Serbia's geographical position plays a significant role in connecting bear metapopulations. The study predicts suitable habitats and proposes measures for habitat permeability to benefit not only bears but also other species in the region.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Vincenzo Buono, Salvatore Burgio, Nicole Macri, Giovanni Catania, Heidi C. Hauffe, Nadia Mucci, Francesca Davoli
Summary: An assessment of the genetic diversity and structure of two endangered brown bear populations in Italy was conducted to propose a cost-effective management protocol for populations with low genetic variation. By analyzing microsatellite loci, the study identified the most effective STR marker sets for evaluating genetic diversity and individual discrimination. The findings indicate that the Uam population should be considered a conservation priority due to its depleted genetic variability.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ana Balseiro, Laura Polledo, Jose Tunon, Juan Francisco Garcia Marin
Summary: A captive female Eurasian brown bear in her 24th year of age gave birth to a stillborn cub with multiple malformations resulting from anomalous neural tube development. These malformations, including anencephaly, hypoplasia, micromyelia, severe myelodysplasia, syringomyelia, and spina bifida, have not been previously reported in bears. The cause of the malformations remains unknown, but the mother's advanced age and/or folic acid deficiency may be possible factors. Supplementing the mother with folate before and during early pregnancy could help prevent the occurrence of neural tube defects in captive bears, thus safeguarding the future generations of this endangered species.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James P. Kilfoil, Thomas P. Quinn, Aaron J. Wirsing
Summary: Humans can significantly alter the temporal activity of wildlife, and the ecological consequences of such shifts can lead to reduced fitness, increased competition, and trophic cascades. This study examined the potential of human disturbance as a temporal-shield for brown bears foraging on sockeye salmon in southwestern Alaska. The results showed that all bears avoided peak times of human activity, but socially-subordinate subadult bears had higher overlap with humans compared to females with cubs and single adults. The findings suggest that human-disturbance can have complex effects on large carnivores and may provide increased foraging opportunities for socially subordinate, but more human-tolerant individuals.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Francesco Maroso, Giada Padovani, Victor Hugo Munoz Mora, Francesco Giannelli, Emiliano Trucchi, Giorgio Bertorelle
Summary: Reduction in population size and its predicted effects on population fitness is a major concern for endangered species. Genetic rescue (GR) is a controversial approach that introduces compatible individuals to reduce the genetic load and restore fitness of declining populations. The study on Apennine brown bears showed that introducing individuals with higher fitness and lower levels of deleterious mutations can rapidly increase fitness but also result in some loss of ancestry. Doubling the population size without genetic rescue gradually improved fitness without losing ancestry, making it the best strategy for Apennine brown bear conservation.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mathew S. Sorum, Matthew D. Cameron, Anthony Crupi, George K. Sage, Sandra L. Talbot, Grant V. Hilderbrand, Kyle Joly
Summary: A study conducted in the interior Brooks Range mountains of northern Alaska revealed that the use of salmon-bearing streams by brown bears is more prevalent than previously believed. By collecting hair samples and conducting DNA analysis, it was estimated that 24 brown bears used a 7 km section of one stream. Additionally, a higher level of relatedness was found among bears that used the same stream. Potential mitigation measures to reduce human-bear conflicts related to brown bear use of salmon-bearing streams are proposed based on these findings.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manuela Thienel, Johannes B. Mueller-Reif, Zhe Zhang, Vincent Ehreiser, Judith Huth, Khrystyna Shchurovska, Badr Kilani, Lisa Schweizer, Philipp E. Geyer, Maximilian Zwiebel, Julia Novotny, Enzo Luesebrink, Gemma Little, Martin Orban, Leo Nicolai, Shaza El Nemr, Anna Titova, Michael Spannagl, Jonas Kindberg, Alina L. Evans, Orpheus Mach, Matthias Vogel, Steffen Tiedt, Steffen Ormanns, Barbara Kessler, Anne Dueck, Andrea Friebe, Peter Godsk Jorgensen, Monir Majzoub-Altweck, Andreas Blutke, Amin Polzin, Konstantin Stark, Stefan Kaab, Doris Maier, Jonathan M. Gibbins, Ulrich Limper, Ole Frobert, Matthias Mann, Steffen Massberg, Tobias Petzold
Summary: This study identified a mechanism of thromboprotection in immobilized brown bears and spinal cord injury patients, involving the down-regulation of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in platelets. This resulted in attenuated immune cell activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation, providing potential therapeutic targets for antithrombotic treatments.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sarah N. Sells, Cecily M. Costello, Paul M. Lukacs, Lori L. Roberts, Milan A. Vinks
Summary: Habitat and corridor mapping are crucial for conservation programs. This study used integrated step selection functions (iSSFs) developed from GPS-collared grizzly bears to predict areas of connectivity and evaluate conservation goals in the US.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maja Lazarus, Agnieszka Sergiel, Maja Ferencakovic, Tatjana Orct, Luciene Kapronczai, Lana Paden, David M. Janz, Slaven Reljic, Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica, Filip Zieba, Nuria Selva, Duro Huber
Summary: Environmental contaminants like arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) or lead (Pb) may disrupt hormone levels in wildlife, leading to negative effects on reproduction and stress response. However, there is a lack of data on the impact of these contaminants on large terrestrial carnivores.
Article
Ecology
Adrian Orihuela-Torres, Zebensui Morales-Reyes, Juan M. Perez-Garcia, Lara Naves-Alegre, Jose A. Sanchez-Zapata, Esther Sebastian-Gonzalez
Summary: This study in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia discovered several vertebrate scavenger species through camera trap monitoring and observation points, with larger carcasses attracting more scavengers. The findings emphasize the importance of scavenging by raptors and other vertebrate scavengers in ecosystems with extreme climatic conditions.
JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Katherine C. Kendall, Amy C. Macleod, Kristina L. Boyd, John Boulanger, J. Andrew Royle, Wayne F. Kasworm, David Paetkau, Michael F. Proctor, Kim Annis, Tabitha A. Graves
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
(2016)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Marc Cattet, Gordon B. Stenhouse, David M. Janz, Luciene Kapronczai, Joy Anne Erlenbach, Heiko T. Jansen, O. Lynne Nelson, Charles T. Robbins, John Boulanger
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Boulanger, Scott E. Nielsen, Gordon B. Stenhouse
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Marc Cattet, Gordon B. Stenhouse, John Boulanger, David M. Janz, Luciene Kapronczai, Jon E. Swenson, Andreas Zedrosser
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Ecology
Murray G. Efford, John Boulanger
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Odbayar Tumendemberel, Andreas Zedrosser, Michael F. Proctor, Harry Reynolds, Jennifer R. Adams, Jack M. Sullivan, Sarah J. Jacobs, Tumennasan Khorloojav, Tuya Tserenbataa, Mijiddorj Batmunkh, Jon E. Swenson, Lisette P. Waits
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine C. Kendall, Tabitha A. Graves, J. Andrew Royle, Amy C. Macleod, Kevin S. McKelvey, John Boulanger, John S. Waller
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Isobel Phoebus, John Boulanger, Hans Geir Eiken, Ida Floystad, Karen Graham, Snorre B. Hagen, Anja Sorensen, Gordon Stenhouse
Article
Ecology
John Boulanger, Kim G. Poole, Anne Gunn, Jan Adamczewski, Jack Wierzchowski
Summary: Our study found that seasonal ranges of caribou around diamond mines in NWT, Canada contracted due to decline in herd size from 2009 to 2017. Significant ZOIs were observed in 9 of 15 years from 2003 to 2017 when both mines were in full operation, with distances ranging from 6.1 to 18.7 km.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenjun Chen, Sylvain G. Leblanc, Peter H. White, Andrea Patenaude, Karin Clark, Bruno Croft, Jody S. Pellissey, Laura Meinert, John Boulanger, Anne Gunn
Summary: Mining activities in Canada's Arctic could introduce local sources of airborne PM2.5, affecting caribou. By analyzing PM2.5 with a portable monitor, researchers found that background PM2.5 levels fluctuated with rain events and wind direction. The study revealed that the spatial distribution of elevated PM2.5 around mines expanded with time after rain and wind direction, highlighting the impact of anthropogenic and natural sources on air quality in remote Arctic regions.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Odbayar Tumendemberel, Joel M. Tebbenkamp, Andreas Zedrosser, Michael F. Proctor, Erik J. Blomberg, Dana J. Morin, Frank Rosell, Harry V. Reynolds, Jennifer R. Adams, Lisette P. Waits
Summary: The brown bear population in the Gobi Desert of southwestern Mongolia, known as the Gobi bear, is one of the smallest and most isolated populations in the world. Genetic sampling conducted in 2009, 2013, and 2017 revealed a stable population trend, but with a very low population size and skewed sex ratio towards males, raising concerns for future persistence. Conservation efforts are needed to protect this isolated bear population.
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Wenjun Chen, Sylvain G. Leblanc, H. Peter White, Andrea Patenaude, Karin Clark, Bruno Croft, Jody S. Pellissey, Laura Meinert, John Boulanger, Anne Gunn
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Delgerchimeg Davaasuren, Chinchuluu Nominchuluu, Sukhbaatar Lkhagvatseren, Harry Reynolds, Odbayar Tumendemberel, Jon E. Swenson, Andreas Zedrosser
Summary: This study presents the first survey of ecto- and endoparasites in brown bears in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The findings include the presence of Dermacentor nutalli and Hyalomma asiaticum ticks, as well as eggs of Strongyloides spp. parasites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Odbayar Tumendemberel, Sarah A. Hendricks, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Jack Sullivan, Andreas Zedrosser, Mona Saebo, Michael F. Proctor, John L. Koprowski, Lisette P. Waits
Summary: Phylogeographic studies using whole-genome sequencing reveal the genetic differentiation and evolutionary history of brown bears worldwide, providing crucial insights for conservation. The study identified unique evolutionary lineages of brown bears in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and the Himalayas of Pakistan, which showed low genetic diversity and high levels of inbreeding. Furthermore, the effective population size of brown bears has been decreasing over the past 70,000 years. These findings confirm the importance of conserving the genetically distinct and ancient brown bear subspecies in these regions.
Review
Ecology
Amgalan Luvsamjamba, Harry Reynolds, Adiya Yansanjav, Tuya Tserenbataa, Bayasgalan Amgalan, Odbayar Tumendemberel