Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaipeng Hu, Yewei Tao, Yongjuan Ma, Lei Shi
Summary: Despite the evidence supporting cooperation, irrational decisions play a crucial role in promoting cooperation. Peer pressure, unique to social organisms, directly impacts individual cooperative behaviors during social interactions. Studies show that moderate punishment and pressure mechanisms can effectively enhance interdependent network reciprocity and promote cooperative behavior evolution.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yikang Lu, Yanan Wang, Yifan Liu, Jie Chen, Lei Shi, Junpyo Park
Summary: The paper investigates how a decision-making rule for vaccination can affect epidemic spreading. By utilizing the Bush-Mosteller model in reinforcement learning on complex networks, the study shows that higher sensitivity leads to higher vaccination coverage rates and delays the transition point from full vaccination to incomplete vaccination.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dandan Li, Kai Zhou, Mei Sun, Dun Han
Summary: Individual decisions are influenced by various factors such as past experiences, gains, and losses. This study proposes and analyzes an evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game model that incorporates individuals' historical memory. The results show that the proportion of individuals with memory, memory factor, memory length, and fitness sensitivity index all impact cooperative behavior in different types of relational networks. The study provides insights into the role of memory and relational networks in cooperative emergence.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Winny W. Y. Yue, Kiyofumi Miyoshi, Wendy W. S. Yue
Summary: Participants tend to conform to confederates with high confidence and are more likely to conform when their own confidence is low. Additionally, the most effective confidence boost occurs when same-sided confederates share a similar confidence level to theirs.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tianbo An, Jingrui Wang, Bowen Zhou, Xing Jin, Jian Zhao, Guanghai Cui
Summary: This study proposes a novel utility model of the vaccination game, considering the influence of strategy conformity on individual decision-making. The findings reveal that moderate strategy conformity and a high herd immunity threshold have a significant positive effect on promoting vaccination behavior when the initial vaccination fraction is low. For a high initial vaccination fraction, strong strategy conformity and high herd immunity threshold are more conducive to encouraging vaccination behavior.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Georgina Bartlett, Julie Gawrylowicz, Daniel Frings, Ian P. Albery
Summary: Memory conformity refers to the situation where a person's belief in another's memory report is stronger than their belief in their own. This study found that witnesses were less likely to believe and accept false information from intoxicated co-witnesses, but their ability to reject misinformation from them was not affected. Intoxication status influenced people's perception of the credibility of a source, but did not impact their ability to resist false suggestions. These findings emphasize the importance of minimizing co-witness discussion prior to interviews and not assuming that people automatically discount information provided by intoxicated co-witnesses.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bei Jiang, Lin Yuan, Rongcheng Zou, Rui Su, Yuqiang Mi
Summary: As the pandemic advances and universal immunization keeps slipping worldwide, understanding the mechanism behind this phenomenon is as important as pandemic control. This paper explores how migration patterns affect vaccination in the susceptible-infected-recovery (SIR) model. The study reveals that migration behaviors accelerate the disappearance of vaccinated patches when the mobility rate is below 0.2, leading to a vaccination dilemma. However, the dilemma remains unchanged when the migration rate exceeds 0.2, indicating the importance of controlling migration during the pandemic.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jie Lu, Peipei Zhang, Dandan Li
Summary: The study found that in the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game, an increase in temptation gain and the number of connected edges leads to a decrease in cooperators, while an increase in penalty cost, punishment intensity, and individual memory factor makes players more inclined to choose a cooperative strategy. Improving social subsidy is an effective way to promote cooperation, and the social subsidy must be greater than the temptation gain to significantly increase the density of cooperators.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Georgina Bartlett, Ian P. Albery, Daniel Frings, Julie Gawrylowicz
Summary: Witnesses discussing a crime together can affect memory accuracy, and intoxication can further decrease confidence, completeness, and accuracy of memory, but not increase the tendency to report false information. Correct post-event information improves memory accuracy regardless of the witness's intoxication status.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vladimir Pravosudov
Summary: New group members can facilitate the adoption of more efficient behaviors through population turnover, leading to the spread of these behaviors within the group. This study in birds demonstrates the importance of social learning in driving changes in group behavior.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Allan, Nir Oren, Jacqui Hutchison, Douglas Martin
Summary: Researchers suggest that social cognition mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating the influence of artificial intelligence. Experimental results show that, during interactions with AI, individuals tend to trust sources with higher credibility and pay more attention to the accuracy of the sources.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jan Willem Bolderdijk, Gert Cornelissen
Summary: The societal transition toward a more plant-based diet is slow, partly due to the hesitancy of vegetarians and vegans to express their meat-free preferences in fear of stigma. However, when supported by allies, they are more likely to publicly express their preferences, thus driving wider societal change.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alice Cho, Frauke Muecksch, Dennis Schaefer-Babajew, Zijun Wang, Shlomo Finkin, Christian Gaebler, Victor Ramos, Melissa Cipolla, Pilar Mendoza, Marianna Agudelo, Eva Bednarski, Justin DaSilva, Irina Shimeliovich, Juan Dizon, Mridushi Daga, Katrina G. Millard, Martina Turroja, Fabian Schmidt, Fengwen Zhang, Tarek Ben Tanfous, Mila Jankovic, Thiago Y. Oliveria, Anna Gazumyan, Marina Caskey, Paul D. Bieniasz, Theodora Hatziioannou, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Summary: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to evolving B cell responses over at least a year, while vaccination with mRNA vaccines results in high plasma neutralizing activity against various variants. Memory B cells from vaccinated individuals show increased neutralizing activity between prime and boost, but do not exhibit further expansion in potency or breadth.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Itsuki Nishimura, Md Rajib Arefin, Yuichi Tatsukawa, Shinobu Utsumi, Md. Anowar Hossain, Jun Tanimoto
Summary: A new SEIRS-based ODE model is developed, considering asymptomatic and symptomatic infections, hospitalized and immune states, as well as a time-variable vaccination rate defined by a behavior model. Social Efficiency Deficit (SED) is employed to quantify the occurrence of social dilemma behind the model dynamics. Numerical results suggest that the presence of social dilemma depends on the fraction of asymptomatic infected individuals, the discount ratio of infected force, vaccination cost, and immunity waning rate. The behavior model may cause a slight social dilemma even in disease-free region (R0 < 1), while a relatively strong social dilemma is indicated when the behavior model results in fewer vaccinated individuals than the social optimal state requires for disease remission.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuangmei Ma, Boyu Zhang, Shinan Cao, Jun S. Liu, Wen-Xu Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that optimal cooperation level occurs when subjects remember two previous rounds of information, and that cooperation increases abruptly from no memory capacity to minimal memory capacity. The results suggest a neural basis and evolutionary roots of cooperation beyond cultural influences.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyu Shi, Jian Zhang, Xia Jiang, Juan Chen, Wei Hao, Bo Wang
Summary: This study presents a novel framework using offline reinforcement learning to improve energy consumption in road transportation. By leveraging real-world human driving trajectories, the proposed method achieves significant improvements in energy consumption. The offline learning approach demonstrates generalizability across different scenarios.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Junhyuk Woo, Soon Ho Kim, Hyeongmo Kim, Kyungreem Han
Summary: Reservoir computing (RC) is a new machine-learning framework that uses an abstract neural network model to process information from complex dynamical systems. This study investigates the neuronal and network dynamics of liquid state machines (LSMs) using numerical simulations and classification tasks. The findings suggest that the computational performance of LSMs is closely related to the dynamic range, with a larger dynamic range resulting in higher performance.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Yang, Zhuoxuan Li, Jun Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Jinde Cao
Summary: This paper proposes an extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm based on residual correction and Tent chaos sequence (TRELM-DROP) for accurate prediction of traffic flow. The algorithm reduces the impact of randomness in traffic flow through the Tent chaos strategy and residual correction method, and avoids weight optimization using the iterative method. A DROP strategy is introduced to improve the algorithm's ability to predict traffic flow under varying conditions.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chengwei Dong, Min Yang, Lian Jia, Zirun Li
Summary: This work presents a novel three-dimensional system with multiple types of coexisting attractors, and investigates its dynamics using various methods. The mechanism of chaos emergence is explored, and the periodic orbits in the system are studied using the variational method. A symbolic coding method is successfully established to classify the short cycles. The flexibility and validity of the system are demonstrated through analogous circuit implementation. Various chaos-based applications are also presented to show the system's feasibility.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Viorel Badescu
Summary: This article discusses the maximum work extraction from confined particles energy, considering both reversible and irreversible processes. The results vary for different types of particles and conditions. The concept of exergy cannot be defined for particles that undergo spontaneous creation and annihilation. It is also noted that the Carnot efficiency is not applicable to the conversion of confined thermal radiation into work.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. M. Centres, D. J. Perez-Morelo, R. Guzman, L. Reinaudi, M. C. Gimenez
Summary: In this study, a phenomenological investigation of epidemic spread was conducted using a model of agent diffusion over a square region based on the SIR model. Two possible contagion mechanisms were considered, and it was observed that the number of secondary infections produced by an individual during its infectious period depended on various factors.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zuan Jin, Minghui Ma, Shidong Liang, Hongguang Yao
Summary: This study proposes a differential variable speed limit (DVSL) control strategy considering lane assignment, which sets dynamic speed limits for each lane to attract vehicle lane-changing behaviors before the bottleneck and reduce the impact of traffic capacity drop. Experimental results show that the proposed DVSL control strategy can alleviate traffic congestion and improve efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthew Dicks, Andrew Paskaramoorthy, Tim Gebbie
Summary: In this study, we investigate the learning dynamics of a single reinforcement learning optimal execution trading agent when it interacts with an event-driven agent-based financial market model. The results show that the agents with smaller state spaces converge faster and are able to intuitively learn to trade using spread and volume states. The introduction of the learning agent has a robust impact on the moments of the model, except for the Hurst exponent, which decreases, and it can increase the micro-price volatility as trading volumes increase.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zhouzhou Yao, Xianyu Wu, Yang Yang, Ning Li
Summary: This paper developed a cooperative lane-changing decision system based on digital technology and indirect reciprocity. By introducing image scoring and a Q-learning based reinforcement learning algorithm, drivers can continuously evaluate gains and adjust their strategies. The study shows that this decision system can improve driver cooperation and traffic efficiency, achieving over 50% cooperation probability under any connected vehicles penetration and traffic density, and reaching 100% cooperation probability under high penetration and medium to high traffic density.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Josephine Nanyondo, Henry Kasumba
Summary: This paper presents a multi-class Aw-Rascle (AR) model with area occupancy expressed in terms of vehicle class proportions. The qualitative properties of the proposed equilibrium velocity and the stability conditions of the model are established. The numerical results show the effect of proportional densities on the flow of vehicle classes, indicating the realism of the proposed model.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Oliver Smirnov
Summary: This study proposes a new method for simultaneously estimating the parameters of the 2D Ising model. The method solves a constrained optimization problem, where the objective function is a pseudo-log-likelihood and the constraint is the Hamiltonian of the external field. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using models of different shapes and sizes to evaluate the performance of the method with and without the Hamiltonian constraint. The results demonstrate that the proposed estimation method yields lower variance across all model shapes and sizes compared to a simple pseudo-maximum likelihood.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Przemyslaw Chelminiak
Summary: The study investigates the first-passage properties of a non-linear diffusion equation with diffusivity dependent on the concentration/probability density through a power-law relationship. The survival probability and first-passage time distribution are determined based on the power-law exponent, and both exact and approximate expressions are derived, along with their asymptotic representations. The results pertain to diffusing particles that are either freely or harmonically trapped. The mean first-passage time is finite for the harmonically trapped particle, while it is divergent for the freely diffusing particle.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hidemaro Suwa
Summary: The choice of transition kernel is crucial for the performance of the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A one-parameter rejection control transition kernel is proposed, and it is shown that the rejection process plays a significant role in determining the sampling efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xudong Wang, Yao Chen
Summary: This article investigates the joint influence of expanding medium and constant force on particle diffusion. By starting from the Langevin picture and introducing the effect of external force in two different ways, two models with different force terms are obtained. Detailed analysis and derivation yield the Fokker-Planck equations and moments for the two models. The sustained force behaves as a decoupled force, while the intermittent force changes the diffusion behavior with specific effects depending on the expanding rate of the medium.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)