Article
Transplantation
Vandana S. Mathur, Elizabeth Li, Donald E. Wesson
Summary: Veverimer effectively treats metabolic acidosis in patients with diabetes and CKD, significantly improving their quality of life and physical function.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Vandana S. Mathur, Donald E. Wesson, Navdeep Tangri, Elizabeth Li, David A. Bushinsky
Summary: The study found that veverimer is effective in treating metabolic acidosis in women with CKD and significantly improves their physical function.
Article
Transplantation
Vandana S. Mathur, David A. Bushinsky, Lesley Inker, Gerrit Klaerner, Elizabeth Li, Dawn Parsell, Vlado Perkovic, Yuri Stasiv, Michael Walker, Donald E. Wesson, David C. Wheeler, Navdeep Tangri
Summary: The VALOR-CKD trial aims to evaluate the impact of veverimer on the progression of kidney disease in patients with metabolic acidosis and CKD. The trial has recruited a large population of high-risk CKD patients to study the development of kidney disease and loss of kidney function. It will assess the efficacy of veverimer as a treatment option.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nilufar Mohebbi, Alexander Ritter, Anna Wiegand, Nicole Graf, Suzan Dahdal, Daniel Sidler, Spyridon Arampatzis, Karine Hadaya, Thomas F. Mueller, Carsten A. Wagner, Rudolf P. Wuethrich
Summary: This study examined the effects of sodium bicarbonate treatment on graft function in kidney transplant recipients. The results showed that treatment with sodium bicarbonate for two years did not affect the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Therefore, sodium bicarbonate treatment is not generally recommended for preserving GFR in kidney transplant recipients with chronic kidney disease and metabolic acidosis.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ujjawal Bairagi, Simran Kaur Rainu, Neetu Singh, Josemon Jacob
Summary: We report on cytocompatible, charged polyzwitterionic nanogels (PZNGs) that can efficiently fix and release bicarbonate anions for the treatment of metabolic acidosis. The PZNGs show good stability and cytocompatibility, and exhibit sustained release of bicarbonate anions for up to 168 hours.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Marcin Adamczak, Stanislaw Surma
Summary: Metabolic acidosis in CKD patients is common and can contribute to disease progression and various complications, worsening patient prognosis. Currently, sodium bicarbonate is the main treatment for metabolic acidosis. The role of the new drug veverimer in metabolic acidosis therapy requires further study.
Article
Physiology
Clayton T. Brady, Aniko Marshall, Chen Zhang, Mark D. Parker
Summary: The sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe1) has three primary variants: NBCe1-A, -B and -C. NBCe1-A is essential for reclaiming filtered bicarbonate in renal proximal tubules, while NBCe1-B and -C play a role in the respiratory and renal responses to metabolic acidosis (MAc). In this study, KOb/c mice lacking NBCe1-B and -C were used to investigate their response to MAc. The respiratory response to MAc was impaired in KOb/c mice, leading to a greater severity of acidemia, but the recovery of plasma pH after 3 days of MAc remained intact. KOb/c mice showed greater renal acid-excretion during MAc, indicating a shift of the burden of work from the respiratory system to the kidneys.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wenlin Liu, Lili Li, Xuemei Zhang, Haonan Dong, Miaomiao Lu
Summary: Veverimer is effective in increasing bicarbonate levels and improving physical function in CKD patients with metabolic acidosis, compared to placebo, with similar safety profiles. Further research is needed to compare long-term veverimer use with traditional alkali therapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Antonia Zhu, Reid H. Whitlock, Thomas W. Ferguson, Mohammad Nour-Mohammadi, Paul Komenda, Claudio Rigatto, David Collister, Clara Bohm, Nancy L. Reaven, Susan E. Funk, Navdeep Tangri
Summary: Metabolic acidosis is associated with a higher risk of acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease. AKI should be considered as an outcome in studies of treatments for patients with metabolic acidosis.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ary Serpa Neto, Tomoko Fujii, Mairead Mcnamara, James Moore, Paul J. Young, Sandra Peake, Michael Bailey, Carol Hodgson, Alisa M. Higgins, Emily J. See, Paul Secombe, Lewis Campbell, Meredith Young, Mikihiro Maeda, David Pilcher, Alistair Nichol, Adam Deane, Elisa Licari, Kyle White, Craig French, Yahya Shehabi, Anthony Cross, Matthew Maiden, Umesh Kadam, Khaled El Khawas, Jamie Cooper, Rinaldo Bellomo, Andrew Udy
Summary: This study aims to identify the best population, intervention design, and assess between-group biochemical separation in preparation for a future phase III trial. The study includes 30 patients aged 18 and above who were admitted to the ICU within 48 hours, receiving vasopressor treatment, and presenting metabolic acidosis. The findings confirm the feasibility of a larger phase III trial on sodium bicarbonate.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nina Grede, Anja Rieckert, Julia Muth, Joana Steinbuck, Sabine Weissbach, Annika Schneider, Beate Weber-Schicker, Ellen Freiberger, Nikita Jegan, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff, Andreas Soennichsen
Summary: The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of volunteer-supported outdoor walking on improving physical function and quality of life in older people through a randomized controlled intervention, assessing various health-related outcomes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Afroditi Stathi, Colin J. Greaves, Janice L. Thompson, Janet Withall, Peter Ladlow, Gordon Taylor, Antonieta Medina-Lara, Tristan Snowsill, Selena Gray, Colin Green, Heidi Johansen-Berg, Claire E. Sexton, James L. J. Bilzon, Jolanthe DeKoning, Jessica C. Bollen, Sarah J. Moorlock, Max J. Western, Naiara Demnitz, Poppy Seager, Jack M. Guralnik, W. Jack Rejeski, Melvyn Hillsdon, Kenneth R. Fox
Summary: The REACT trial demonstrated that a 12-month physical activity and behavioral maintenance program for older adults could prevent decline in physical function over a 24-month period.
LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomasz Golebiowski, Mariusz Kusztal, Andrzej Konieczny, Magdalena Kuriata-Kordek, Ada Gawrys, Hanna Augustyniak-Bartosik, Krzysztof Letachowicz, Dorota Zielinska, Magdalena Wisniewska, Magdalena Krajewska
Summary: This study evaluated the usability of acid-base balance parameters in blood from CKD patients, finding that Δ-HCO3- has diagnostic value for predicting eGFR < 10 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and is positively correlated with eGFR. A lower Δ-HCO3- than 0.5 mmol/L may predict exhaust buffer capacity and should be tested in a larger population.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Philip J. J. Herrod, Jonathan N. Lund, Bethan E. Phillips
Summary: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially in older adults. This study found that supervised high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or isometric handgrip training (IHG) can lead to significant reductions in resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) in healthy older adults within just 6 weeks. This highlights the potential of time-efficient exercise interventions to effectively reduce blood pressure in older populations.
Review
Physiology
Hafsa Tariq, Mirela Dobre
Summary: Metabolic acidosis is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and even after kidney transplantation, some recipients still suffer from this disease. Kidney allografts are vulnerable to metabolic acidosis due to similar reasons as non-transplant CKD, as well as transplant specific causes.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Subbra Palaniappan, Roy L. Soiza, Siobhan Duffy, Susan J. Moug, Phyo Kyaw Myint
Summary: This study confirms the prognostic role of frailty in the emergency surgical setting, showing that increasing frailty is associated with increased mortality and longer hospital stay in adults of all ages. Although the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) performs better, the clinical frailty score (CFS) remains predictive and has the advantage of being calculated preoperatively, aiding decision-making and treatment planning.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Natalie Staplin, Jonathan R. Emberson, Mark Campbell, Enti Spata, Leon Peto, Nigel J. Brunskill, Simon Tiberi, Victor Chew, Thomas Brown, Hasan Tahir, Beate Ebert, David Chadwick, Tony Whitehouse, Rahuldeb Sarkar, Clive Graham, J. Kenneth Baillie, Buddha Basnyat, Maya H. Buch, Lucy C. Chappell, Jeremy Day, Saul N. Faust, Raph L. Hamers, Thomas Jaki, Edmund Juszczak, Katie Jeffery, Wei Shen Lim, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, Guy Thwaites, Marion Mafham, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, aspirin was not associated with reductions in 28-day mortality or in the risk of progressing to invasive mechanical ventilation or death, but was associated with a small increase in the rate of being discharged alive within 28 days.
Article
Immunology
Paul T. Heath, Eva P. Galiza, David Neil Baxter, Marta Boffito, Duncan Browne, Fiona Burns, David R. Chadwick, Rebecca Clark, Catherine A. Cosgrove, James Galloway, Anna L. Goodman, Amardeep Heer, Andrew Higham, Shalini Iyengar, Christopher Jeanes, Philip A. Kalra, Christina Kyriakidou, Judy M. Bradley, Chigomezgo Munthali, Angela M. Minassian, Fiona McGill, Patrick Moore, Imrozia Munsoor, Helen Nicholls, Orod Osanlou, Jonathan Packham, Carol H. Pretswell, Alberto San Francisco Ramos, Dinesh Saralaya, Ray P. Sheridan, Richard Smith, Roy L. Soiza, Pauline A. Swift, Emma C. Thomson, Jeremy Turner, Marianne Elizabeth Viljoen, Louis Fries, Iksung Cho, Irene McKnight, Greg Glenn, E. Joy Rivers, Andreana Robertson, Katia Alves, Kathy Smith, Seth Toback
Summary: In a phase 3 trial, a 2-dose regimen of the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine provided a high level of protection against asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe COVID-19 for more than 6 months postvaccination. The vaccine showed 100% efficacy against severe disease and 76.3% efficacy against asymptomatic disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Rehabilitation
Gavin Wylie, Thilo Kroll, Miles D. Witham, Jacqui Morris
Summary: This scoping review examined interventions to increase physical activity levels in older care home residents. The results showed that current interventions mainly focused on individual resident level factors, with little consideration for broader social and environmental aspects. The interventions were not fully described and lacked a clear theoretical foundation. Future interventions should address contextual care home factors and provide clear descriptions according to intervention description guidelines.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roy L. Soiza
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ahmed Abdirizak Ahmed, Paul McNamee
Summary: Failure to achieve international HIV pandemic targets indicates the need for more effective public health strategies. New behavioral economics-based strategies are being tested with promising results. However, interpreting the diverse evidence base is challenging for policymakers. This paper synthesizes existing evidence from a systematic review of behavioral economics-based interventions for HIV prevention, testing, and treatment, revealing potential strategies to increase uptake of HIV testing and improve prevention and treatment outcomes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natthaya Eiamampai, Euan A. Ramsay, Roy L. Soiza, David A. McDonald, Susan J. Moug, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: This study found that the time taken to receive care has an impact on outcomes in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and laparoscopy, particularly those with suspected infection. Faster time to care was associated with shorter length of stay and decreased risk of intensive care unit stay.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Miles D. D. Witham, Antoneta Granic, Ewan Pearson, Sian M. M. Robinson, Avan A. A. Sayer
Summary: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle strength and mass, has common mechanisms with accelerated ageing seen in diabetes mellitus. Drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus may have relevance to the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Cellular and animal models suggest potential beneficial effects of diabetes drugs on skeletal muscle function, particularly metformin and SGLT2 inhibitors. Intervention studies are needed to investigate the balance of benefit and risk in older individuals with sarcopenia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christine Roberts, Louise Phillips, Clare Cooper, Stuart Gray, Roy Soiza, Julia Allan
Summary: Different physical activity types have varying levels of cognitive, physical, and social demands. This study quantified these demands for 61 common activity types and created a formal Physical Activity Demand (PAD) typology. Three clusters of activities with low, moderate, and high non-metabolic demands were identified. This typology can be used to investigate the effects of different combinations of demands on health outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christos Rossios, Tufail Bashir, Marcus Achison, Simon Adamson, Asangaedem Akpan, Terry Aspray, Alison Avenell, Margaret M. Band, Louise A. Burton, Vera Cvoro, Peter T. Donnan, Gordon W. Duncan, Jacob George, Adam L. Gordon, Celia L. Gregson, Adrian Hapca, Cheryl Hume, Thomas A. Jackson, Simon Kerr, Alixe Kilgour, Tahir Masud, Andrew Mckenzie, Emma Mckenzie, Harnish Patel, Kristina Pilvinyte, Helen C. Roberts, Avan A. Sayer, Karen T. Smith, Roy L. Soiza, Claire J. Steves, Allan D. Struthers, Divya Tiwari, Julie Whitney, Miles D. Witham, Paul R. Kemp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphisms and muscle mass, strength, in individuals with sarcopenia. The results indicated an over-representation of the D allele in the study cohort, particularly in men. Men with the I allele had greater leg strength, and individuals with the DD genotype showed an increase in quadriceps strength over 12 months.
Meeting Abstract
Psychiatry
Adele Mazzoleni, Shreya Bhatia, Maria Anna Bantounou, Niraj S. Kumar, Monika Dzalto, Roy L. Soiza
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas A. Stubbs, William J. Doherty, Andrew Chaplin, Sarah Langford, Mike R. Reed, Avan A. Sayer, Miles D. Witham, Antony K. Sorial
Summary: This study assessed the ability of pre-fracture mobility to predict post-operative outcomes in hip fracture patients. Patients with worse mobility had higher mortality, longer length of hospital stay, higher likelihood of living in a care home, and higher likelihood of complications. Including mobility assessment in risk scores can improve casemix adjustment and prognostication following hip fracture.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anagha Chinmayee, Selvarani Subbarayan, Phyo Kyaw Myint, Antonio Cherubini, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Mirko Petrovic, Adalsteinn Gudmundsson, Stephen Byrne, Denis O'Mahony, Roy L. Soiza
Summary: This study compared the severity and type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) between older multimorbid patients with and without diabetes, and evaluated the impact of ADRs on mortality, rehospitalization, and length of stay. The results showed that diabetic patients had significantly higher rates of ADRs, particularly symptomatic hypoglycemia and acute kidney injury. They also had higher mortality, which was mediated by ADRs causing AKI.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Euan A. Ramsay, Ben Carter, Roy L. Soiza, Siobhan Duffy, Susan J. Moug, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: This study, using Scottish audit data, found that frailty was associated with longer waiting times throughout almost all stages of the preoperative emergency general surgical pathway. Frailty and ASA fitness grade were also found to be good indicators of mortality in this cohort.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Marion Mafham, Leon Peto, Mark Campbell, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Enti Spata, Natalie Staplin, Jonathan R. Emberson, Benjamin Prudon, Paul Hine, Thomas Brown, Christopher A. Green, Rahuldeb Sarkar, Purav Desai, Bryan Yates, Tom Bewick, Simon Tiberi, Tim Felton, J. Kenneth Baillie, Maya H. Bitch, Lucy C. Chappell, Saul N. Faust, Thomas Jaki, Katie Jeffery, Edmund Juszczak, Wei Shen Lim, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, David M. Weinreich, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of casirivimab and imdevimab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The results showed that this combination therapy reduced the 28-day mortality rate in patients without detectable antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline, but not in those with detectable antibodies.