Journal
PEDIATRICS
Volume 132, Issue 1, Pages E9-E16Publisher
AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1909
Keywords
adolescence; incidence; migraine headache; tension-type headache; risk factors
Categories
Funding
- Taiwan National Science Council [100-2314-B-010-019-MY2, 100-2314-B-010-018-MY3]
- Taipei-Veterans General Hospital [VGHUST101-G7-1-1, V101C-106, V101E7-003]
- NSC support for the Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Taiwan [NSC 100-2911-I-008-001]
- Brain Research Center at National Yang-Ming University
- Ministry of Education
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OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of chronic daily headache (CDH) and its major subtypes in young adolescents. METHODS: A field cohort of 3342 adolescents aged 13 to 14 was established in 3 middle schools in Taitung, Taiwan, from 2005 to 2007. Participants without CDH at baseline were annually followed up for 1 to 2 years using the same questionnaires, including the Adolescent Depression Inventory and Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment. The neurologists made the headache diagnoses based on clinical interviews and headache diaries. The person-time incidence rates and risk factors of incident CDH and its subtypes (ie, chronic migraine [CM] and chronic tension-type headache [CTTH]) were calculated by using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The cohort completed 5586 person-years (PYs) of follow-up. Sixty-three subjects (21 boys/42 girls) developed incident CDH with an incidence rate of 1.13 per 100 PYs, including 37 with CM (0.66 per 100 PYs) and 22 with CTTH (0.39 per 100 PYs). Thirty-three subjects (52%) had a baseline diagnosis of migraine. The independent risk factors for incident CDH included female gender, acute family financial distress, obesity, higher headache frequency, and a baseline diagnosis of migraine. A higher headache frequency was the only identical risk factor for CDH, CM, and CTTH. A baseline diagnosis of migraine and obesity were significant predictors for both CM and CDH. Female gender was a significant predictor for both CTTH and CDH. CONCLUSIONS: Incident CDH was common in young adolescents. Some risk factors for incident CM and CTTH were different.
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