Journal
PEDIATRICS
Volume 131, Issue 1, Pages E73-E80Publisher
AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1049
Keywords
diabetic ketoacidosis; MRI; diffusion weighted imaging; cerebral edema; cerebral injury
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01 NS048610]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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OBJECTIVE: Previous studies show that vasogenic cerebral edema (CE) occurs during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) treatment in children, but the role of intravenous fluids in contributing to CE is unclear. We used magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging to quantify subclinical CE in children with DKA randomized to 2 intravenous fluid regimens. METHODS: Children with DKA were randomized to receive fluids at a more rapid rate (n = 8) or a slower rate (n = 10), with all other aspects of DKA treatment kept identical. Children underwent diffusion weighted imaging 3 to 6 hours and 9 to 12 hours after beginning DKA treatment and after recovery from DKA (>= 72 hours after beginning treatment). We calculated brain apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as the average of measurements in the basal ganglia, thalamus, frontal white matter, and hippocampus and determined the mean brain ADC value during DKA treatment by averaging data from the 3- to 6-hour and 9- to 12-hour measurements. The difference in mean brain ADC between DKA treatment and postrecovery was used as an index of the severity of CE during DKA treatment. RESULTS: Mean brain ADC values during DKA treatment were significantly higher than postrecovery values, consistent with vasogenic CE (842 +/- 38 vs 800 +/- 41X10(-6) mm(2)/second, P = .002). We did not detect significant differences in ADC elevation in children treated with more rapid versus slower rehydration (beta coefficient 0.11 for 1 SD change in ADC, 95% confidence interval: -0.91 to 1.13). CONCLUSIONS: ADC changes during DKA treatment (reflective of vasogenic CE) do not appear to be substantially affected by the rate of intravenous fluid administration. Pediatrics 2013;131:e73-e80
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