Article
Pediatrics
Laura Lempinen, Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto, Antti A. Aarnisalo, Luis Bernardino, Heikki Peltola, Anne Pitkaranta, Tuula Pelkonen, Jussi Jero
Summary: This study investigated the bacterial etiology, hearing impairment, and outcome of childhood bacterial meningitis (BM) with or without otitis media (OM) in Angola. It was found that hearing impairment was common on day 7 of hospitalization, regardless of the presence of OM. Any hearing deficit on day 7 was associated with a higher risk of complicated or fatal clinical course.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ismail Mohamed Ali, Cihan Duman, Ilkay Bozdag, Abdihakim Artan Abdi, Mohamed Nor Abdi, Suleyman Emre Karakurt, Ozgur Yigit
Summary: This study aimed to determine the microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates obtained from patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Gram-negative bacteria were found to be more prevalent, with a high rate of resistance against penicillin antibiotics. Further research is needed to investigate the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of CSOM patients in Mogadishu and other parts of Somalia.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
J. P. Sevilla, Daria Burnes, Rehab Zakaria El Saie, Hammam Haridy, Matt Wasserman, Sarah Pugh, Johnna Perdrizet, David Bloom
Summary: This study evaluates the return on investment after the introduction of pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Egypt from the perspectives of healthcare payers and society. The findings demonstrate that the introduction of PCV13 yields higher benefits compared to no vaccination or vaccination with PCV10.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chinh C. Ngo, Helen M. Massa, Brent A. McMonagle, Christopher F. Perry, Michael D. Nissen, Theo P. Sloots, Ruth B. Thornton, Allan W. Cripps
Summary: This study identified Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), and rhinovirus as the predominant bacteria and viruses in the upper respiratory tract of children in South-East Queensland, Australia, with and without a clinical history of otitis media. The presence of bacterial otopathogens within the middle ear was found to be more predictive of concurrent upper respiratory tract infection than viruses. The study also confirmed the complex polymicrobial environment within adenoid tissues in children, regardless of otitis media history.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dong Gu Hur, Arwa Kurabi, Hyun Woo Lim, Meghan Spriggs, Kwang Pak, Allen F. Ryan
Summary: The study demonstrates the critical role of macrophages in resolving otitis media, with macrophage genes being significantly regulated during OM and macrophage depletion increasing the duration of middle ear infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Janna-Maija Mattila, Emilia Thomas, Pasi Lehtinen, Tytti Vuorinen, Matti Waris, Terho Heikkinen
Summary: Influenza viruses infect millions of children each year, with young children at the highest risk for hospitalizations. However, most young children are treated as outpatients, and limited data is available on the burden of influenza in these children. Effective strategies are needed to prevent influenza, particularly in infants under 6 months of age, to reduce the burden of disease in this age group.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Md Samsur Rahman, Bruce Colbourne, Faisal Khan
Summary: This paper evaluates the safety and economic aspects of the concept of an intermediate offshore resource centre (ORC) for marine logistics support in remote North Atlantic regions, aiming to reduce logistical risks and shorten response time. The study presents a risk-based cost-benefit analysis of the ORC using a probabilistic loss function model developed based on historical offshore blowout incidents and a Monte Carlo simulation.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Konstantinos Petridis, Nikolaos E. Petridis, Fouad Ben Abdelaziz, Hatem Masri
Summary: This article presents a new method for evaluating and ranking econometric techniques based on multiple error measures. The experimental results show that the ARMA and ARCH models rank higher in this method.
ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hong Lin, Yizhen Jia, Xiaohan Kong, Shiting Wang, Xiangyou Liu, Yang Liu, Yang Deng
Summary: This study developed antibiotics-loaded bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) that can improve the therapeutic effectiveness in the middle ear and reduce systemic drug exposure.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Janine Paynter, Anna S. Howe, Emma Best, Helen Petousis-Harris
Summary: This study used New Zealand's linkable, administrative health data to examine the comparative risk of otitis media (OM) and pneumonia hospitalisations among children receiving three different pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). The results showed that PCV10 was associated with a reduced risk for OM compared with PCV7. There were no significant differences between PCV10 and PCV13 in risk of hospitalisation with either otitis media or all-cause pneumonia amongst the transition 2 cohort. In the 18-month follow-up after transition 3, PCV13 was associated with a marginally higher risk of all-cause pneumonia and otitis media compared to PCV10.
Article
Microbiology
Maria Daniela Silva, Antonio Lima, Nuno Marcal, Luis Dias, Miguel Gama, Sanna Sillankorva
Summary: Understanding the bacterial causes of otitis media is crucial for effective treatment. This study analyzed samples from 49 children with otitis media in Portugal, finding a correlation between bacteria in the middle ear fluid and nasopharynx. The most commonly identified species were Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, but Haemophilus influenzae was more prevalent in the middle ear fluid. The study also revealed the importance of polymicrobial infections in otitis media.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthias Imohl, Stephanie Perniciaro, Andreas Busse, Mark van der Linden
Summary: This study analyzed middle ear fluid and nasopharyngeal swabs from children under 5 years with spontaneously ruptured acute otitis media in Germany. The research aimed to assess disease burden, bacterial etiology, compare MEF and NPS isolates, and analyze Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution. The study found a decrease in AOM cases over the years and impact of pneumococcal vaccination on prevalence and etiology.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zipei Zhang, Xiyu Li, Rong Yang, Kathleen Cullion, Laura Prugneau, Daniel S. Kohane
Summary: Inducing inflammation of the tympanic membrane can enhance drug delivery across it, providing a potential alternative to systemic antibiotic use for otitis media treatment.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Maria Camila Hoyos, Vitor Silva
Summary: This study conducted a benefit-cost analysis to identify the most suitable retrofitting interventions for the two most vulnerable building types in Central America. The analysis considered both direct and indirect costs associated with building damage and associated injuries and fatalities. Various retrofitting techniques were reviewed and vulnerability functions were derived considering the impact of each intervention on the strength, stiffness, and ductility of the structures. Probabilistic seismic risk analyses were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the retrofitting interventions. The results indicate that retrofitting these building types could be economically viable in specific areas along the western coast of Central America.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Stephen L. France, Yuying Shi, Mahyar Sharif Vaghefi, Huimin Zhao
Summary: In the current fragmented media landscape, online video is becoming an important outlet for content dissemination. This paper describes a decision support systems (DSS) based framework for online video channel management and content creation, contributing to DSS theory by proposing a flexible framework that incorporates behavioral and empirical work into the process of online video content creation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
(2021)