Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Austin Feindt, Montserrat Lara-Velazquez, Ahmad Alkhasawneh, Dinesh Rao, Raafat Makary, Keith Dombrowski, Daryoush Tavanaiepour, Gazanfar Rahmathulla
Summary: This case report presents a 72-year-old female patient who had undergone renal transplant 11 years ago and developed progressively worsening headaches and confusion. Imaging revealed brain edema in the frontal and temporal lobes. Surgical biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of Polymorphic PTLD. Early diagnosis is crucial for patient survival with PTLD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Mariam Markouli, Fauzia Ullah, Najiullah Omar, Anna Apostolopoulou, Puneet Dhillon, Panagiotis Diamantopoulos, Joshua Dower, Carmelo Gurnari, Sairah Ahmed, Danai Dima
Summary: PTLD is a severe complication with variable incidence and timing depending on factors related to patients, treatments, and transplants. The pathogenesis is complex, mainly associated with EBV infection and decreased T-cell immune surveillance due to immunosuppression. Treatment is based on histologic subtypes, but specific management guidelines are lacking due to limited clinical trials.
Article
Immunology
Juan Hu, Yong-Wei Yu, Dong-Sheng Han, Xue-Jie Li, Yi-Qi Zhang, Hong-Liu Cai, Yong-Hong Xiao, Xia Zheng
Summary: This study describes a lung transplant recipient who developed EBV-associated PTLD, highlighting the importance of monitoring EBV-DNA load as a sensitive indicator for early diagnosis and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Alastair Baker, Esteban Frauca Remacha, Juan Torres Canizales, Luz Yadira Bravo-Gallego, Emer Fitzpatrick, Angel Alonso Melgar, Gema Munoz Bartolo, Luis Garcia Guereta, Esther Ramos Boluda, Yasmina Mozo, Dorota Broniszczak, Wioletta Jarmuzek, Piotr Kalicinski, Britta Maecker-Kolhoff, Julia Carlens, Ulrich Baumann, Charlotte Roy, Christophe Chardot, Elisa Benetti, Mara Cananzi, Elisabetta Calore, Luca Dello Strologo, Manila Candusso, Maria Francelina Lopes, Manuel Joao Brito, Cristina Goncalves, Carmen Do Carmo, Xavier Stephenne, Lars Wennberg, Rosario Stone, Jelena Rascon, Caroline Lindemans, Dominik Turkiewicz, Eugenia Giraldi, Emanuele Nicastro, Lorenzo D'Antiga, Oanez Ackermann, Paloma Jara Vega
Summary: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in 13 European centers with 34 SOT programs on PTLD practices, revealing that decisions for preemptive treatment were often based on EBV viremia monitoring and clinical assessment, while reducing immunosuppression was a common initial treatment modality at diagnosis. A total of 126 PTLD cases were reported from 2012 to 2016, with an 88% survival rate among diagnosed cases.
Article
Immunology
Ayantika Sen, Jeanna Enriquez, Mahil Rao, Marla Glass, Yarl Balachandran, Sharjeel Syed, Clare J. Twist, Kenneth Weinberg, Scott D. Boyd, Daniel Bernstein, Amber W. Trickey, Dita Gratzinger, Brent Tan, Mary Gay Lapasaran, Mark A. Robien, Merideth Brown, Brian Armstrong, Dev Desai, George Mazariegos, Clifford Chin, Thomas M. Fishbein, Robert S. Venick, Akin Tekin, Heiner Zimmermann, Ralf U. Trappe, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Carlos O. Esquivel, Olivia M. Martinez, Sheri M. Krams
Summary: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication of solid organ transplantation, associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. This study found that miR-194 and several other miRs were significantly decreased in the tumors and circulation of PTLD patients, which may be associated with EBV. These findings suggest the importance of studying the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRs in PTLD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rabea Asleh, Hilmi Alnsasra, Thomas M. Habermann, Alexandros Briasoulis, Sudhir S. Kushwaha
Summary: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a spectrum of lymphoid conditions associated with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and immunosuppressive drugs. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation. EBV is a key driver in many PTLD cases, with B-cell proliferation and impaired T-cell immune surveillance playing a crucial role. This article reviews the pathogenesis, recent advances, and potential therapeutic targets to reduce the burden of PTLD after heart transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sophie Duignan, Aengus O'Marcaigh, John Russell, Rania Mehanna, Michael McDermott, Matthew Fenton, Colin J. McMahon
Summary: This case describes a rare presentation of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in a 4 year-old boy who had undergone heart transplantation. The PTLD developed in an unusual site, the larynx, and required a novel treatment approach including elective tracheostomy and EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) therapy. The treatment was successful and the patient achieved negative biopsy results, allowing for decannulation and discharge.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Constantin J. Thieme, Malissa Schulz, Patrizia Wehler, Moritz Anft, Leila Amini, Arturo Blazquez-Navarro, Ulrik Stervbo, Jochen Hecht, Mikalai Nienen, Anna -Barbara Stittrich, Mira Choi, Panagiota Zgoura, Richard Viebahn, Michael Schmueck-Henneresse, Petra Reinke, Timm H. Westhoff, Toralf Roch, Nina Babel
Summary: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder is a severe complication of immunosuppression following transplantation. This study investigated the impact of different immunosuppressants on EBV-antigen-specific T cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines. The results showed that rapamycin and mycophenolic acid inhibited lymphoblastoid cell-line proliferation, prednisolone and rapamycin-treated T cells exhibited normal cytokine production, and tacrolimus and cyclosporin A suppressed T-cell function.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Vibeke K. J. Vergote, Christophe M. Deroose, Steffen Fieuws, Wim Laleman, Ben Sprangers, Anne Uyttebroeck, Johan Van Cleemput, Gregor Verhoef, Robin Vos, Thomas Tousseyn, Daan Dierickx
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed 196 cases of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation and found that EBV status and year of diagnosis may have an impact on patient prognosis.
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tatsuya Okamoto, Hideaki Okajima, Elena Yukie Uebayashi, Eri Ogawa, Yosuke Yamada, Katsutsugu Umeda, Hidefumi Hiramatsu, Etsurou Hatano
Summary: With the advancement of immunosuppressive strategies, liver transplantation outcomes have improved significantly in children. However, Epstein-Barr virus infection and post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLD), such as malignant lymphoma, remain serious complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality. Recently, early diagnosis through quantitative PCR and PET-CT testing, as well as treatment with rituximab, have shown promising results in achieving long-term remission. However, determining the optimal immunosuppression protocol after PTLD remission and finding treatments for refractory PTLD (e.g., PTL-NOS) are still areas of focus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Hui Zhang, Shuliang Zhao, Zhijun Cao
Summary: EBV infection may lead to severe complications in IBD patients, highlighting the importance of screening and monitoring; immunosuppressive therapy may increase the susceptibility of IBD patients to EBV infection; withdrawal of immunosuppressants may be helpful in achieving remission in diseases caused by EBV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Emad Ababneh, Anas M. Saad, Genevieve M. Crane
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a highly prevalent gamma herpesvirus worldwide, with a small percentage of infected individuals developing EBV-associated neoplasms. Advances in understanding EBV-host interactions and mechanisms of lymphomagenesis are helping to improve diagnostic methods for EBV-related tumors.
Review
Oncology
Cecilia Nakid-Cordero, Marine Baron, Amelie Guihot, Vincent Vieillard
Summary: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are life-threatening complications after solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplants, commonly associated with EBV infection and immunosuppressive therapy. While most PTLD cases are B cell-originated, rare cases involve T cell or NK cell origin. The impaired anti-viral and anti-tumoral immunosurveillance due to long-term immunosuppression is believed to contribute to PTLD pathogenesis, with T cell impairment being critical in EBV-linked complications post-transplantation, while the role of NK cells remains less understood and may vary between EBV-positive and EBV-negative PTLDs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rabea Asleh, Darko Vucicevic, Tanya M. Petterson, Walter K. Kremers, Naveen L. Pereira, Richard C. Daly, Brooks S. Edwards, D. Eric Steidley, Robert L. Scott, Sudhir S. Kushwaha
Summary: This study found that the use of sirolimus (SRL)-based immunosuppression after heart transplantation is associated with a lower risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) compared to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based regimen.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Antonio F. Caballero-Bermejo, Ignacio Darnaude-Ximenez, Myriam Aguilar-Perez, Alicia Gomez-Lopez, Aranzazu Sancho-Lopez, Cristina Lopez Garcia-Gallo, Gema Diaz Nuevo, Elena Diago-Sempere, Belen Ruiz-Antoran, Cristina Avendano-Sola, Piedad Ussetti-Gil
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of Isavuconazole (ISA) in lung transplant recipients and found that ISA achieves adequate concentrations in the lung with a tolerable safety profile.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)