Article
Pediatrics
Rajendra Prasad Anne, Venkateshwarulu Vardhelli, Tejo Pratap Oleti, Srinivas Murki, Gopireddy Murali Mohan Reddy, Saikiran Deshabhotla, Venkat Reddy Kallem, Pravin Rao Vadije
Summary: This study compared mortality and major morbidities between very preterm SGA and AGA neonates, and found that SGA neonates had higher odds of developing necrotizing enterocolitis, abnormal composite outcome, hypoglycemia, and anemia compared to AGA neonates.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Beth Ellen Brown, Prakesh S. Shah, Jehier K. Afifi, Rebecca L. Sherlock, Mohammad A. Adie, Luis A. Monterrosa, Joan M. Crane, Xiang Y. Ye, Walid El-Naggar
Summary: This study compared the short-term neonatal outcomes of delayed cord clamping and early cord clamping in small for gestational age preterm infants, finding that delayed cord clamping was associated with reduced odds of mortality or major morbidity. Many benefits of delayed cord clamping in small for gestational age preterm infants were similar to those in non-small for gestational age preterm infants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacqueline F. Gould, Maria Makrides, Robert A. Gibson, Thomas R. Sullivan, Andrew J. McPhee, Peter J. Anderson, Karen P. Best, Mary Sharp, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Gillian F. Opie, Javeed Travadi, Jana M. Bednarz, Peter G. Davis, Karen Simmer, Lex W. Doyle, Carmel T. Collins
Summary: Limited research suggests that DHA supplementation in infants born before 29 weeks of gestation may have a positive impact on cognitive development.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Marta Diaz, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Mariona Jove, Meritxell Martin-Gari, Alexandra Bonmati-Santane, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Judit Bassols
Summary: In this study, differences in placental fatty acid composition and estimated desaturase and elongase activities were observed between appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. Placentas from SGA infants had lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids and higher omega-6/omega-3 ratios, as well as lower elongase and higher desaturase activity compared to AGA infants. Further studies on the omega-3 fatty acid status in SGA infants may be warranted for prenatal interventions.
Article
Pediatrics
Mads L. Larsen, Rikke Wiingreen, Andreas Jensen, Gija Rackauskaite, Bjarne Laursen, Bo M. Hansen, Christina E. Hoei-Hansen, Gorm Greisen
Summary: The risk and prevalence of cerebral palsy are affected differently by the degree of prematurity compared with epilepsy and special educational needs. Towards term birth, there is a clear log-linear decline in the prevalence of early childhood epilepsy and special educational needs. On the other hand, the risk of cerebral palsy is high at the earliest gestational age and declines notably only after week 29.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Sabita Uthaya, Nicholas Longford, Cheryl Battersby, Kayleigh Oughham, Julia Lanoue, Neena Modi
Summary: In this study, early initiation of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants did not show a significant impact on morbidity-free survival, but it was associated with higher rates of survival to discharge, late-onset sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, treated retinopathy of prematurity, surgical procedures, and greater drop in weight z-score. Further research with a randomized controlled trial is needed to investigate differences in important functional outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Qiong Jia, Xue Yu, Yanmei Chang, Yanxia You, Zekun Chen, Ying Wang, Bin Liu, Lijun Chen, Defu Ma, Yan Xing, Xiaomei Tong
Summary: Gut microbiota in preterm infants varies depending on gestational age. Alpha diversity of meconium decreases with increasing gestational age. Moderate to late preterm infants have the highest alpha diversity after 1 year. Opportunistic pathogens and probiotics show different colonization patterns in different gestational age groups.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Caecilie Bachdal Johansen, Alexander Egeberg, Espen Jimenez-Solem, Lone Skov, Simon Francis Thomsen
Summary: This study found that maternal psoriasis was not associated with an increased risk of SGA or PTB. However, the risk of term SGA was slightly increased in women with a history of psoriasis compared to matched controls. These infants are likely to be constitutionally small with no increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Walter Mihatsch, Miguel Angel Jimenez Varas, Lucia Lorenzino Diehl, Virgilio Carnielli, Rahel Schuler, Corinna Gebauer, Miguel Saenz de Pipaon Marcos
Summary: The present systematic review aims to update the available evidence and examine the impact of standardized PN vs. individualized PN on protein intake, immediate morbidities, growth, and long-term outcome in preterm infants. Recent studies suggest that standardized PN may improve growth through higher nutrient intake, particularly protein, and reduce the incidence of sepsis. However, there is no significant effect on mortality, NEC incidence, or days of PN.
Article
Pediatrics
Elena Priante, Giovanna Verlato, Matteo Stocchero, Giuseppe Giordano, Paola Pirillo, Luca Bonadies, Silvia Visentin, Laura Moschino, Eugenio Baraldi
Summary: This study aimed to compare the urinary metabolomic profile between infants with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and non-IUGR very preterm infants in order to investigate the biochemical adaptations of neonates affected by early-onset-restricted intrauterine growth. The results showed a distinctive urinary metabolic profile in neonates with IUGR, suggesting derangements in biochemical pathways associated with growth restriction.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cai-Hong Zhang, Ping-Li Zhang
Summary: The incidence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnancy is increasing. GDM is associated with adverse outcomes for mothers, fetuses, and newborns. This study compared the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes between women with and without GDM, as well as the morbidity and mortality rates of preterm infants born to women with and without GDM. The results showed that GDM was associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women and a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in infants born preterm.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Kwi Moon, Elizabeth Mckinnon, Kevin Croft, Delia Hendrie, Sanjay Patole, Karen Simmer, Shripada Rao
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the benefits and risks of early versus late parenteral nutrition in term and late preterm infants. The optimal time to commence PN in these infants is currently uncertain due to different guidelines and variations in clinical practice.
Article
Immunology
Archana Kulkarni-Munje, Nandini Malshe, Sonali Palkar, Aniket Amlekar, Sanjay Lalwani, Akhilesh Chandra Mishra, Vidya Arankalle
Summary: Research shows that preterm infants in India may have lower immune response to pentavalent vaccine and may require additional doses for robust immune protection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max T. Aung, Pahriya Ashrap, Deborah J. Watkins, Bhramar Mukherjee, Zaira Rosario, Carmen M. Velez-Vega, Akram N. Alshawabkeh, Jose F. Cordero, John D. Meeker
Summary: Maternal lipidomic signatures associated with preterm birth and neonatal anthropometric parameters were characterized, revealing potential biomarkers for pregnancy outcomes. Fine omics-scale analysis of the maternal lipidome may offer more informative insights compared to whole class level lipid analysis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Parvesh Mohan Garg, Isabella A. Pittman, Md Abu Yusuf Ansari, Chin Wen Yen, Robbin Riddick, Jennifer G. Jetton, Andrew M. South, William B. Hillegass
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the gestational age-specific risk factors and outcomes of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The results showed that infants with gestational age less than 27 weeks had double the rate of severe AKI compared to those with gestational age greater than 27 weeks, and surgical intervention was a significant risk factor for AKI in infants with gestational age less than 27 weeks.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Massimo Luca Castellazzi, Carlo Agostoni, Elisabetta Iofrida, Maria Angela Pavesi, Laura Dell'Era
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Jonabell Dolor, Marina Macchi, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Paola Marchisio, Carlo Agostoni
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlo Agostoni, Mattia Baglioni, Adriano La Vecchia, Giulia Molari, Cristiana Berti
Summary: The pandemics of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change pose severe threats to child health. They are interconnected and have detrimental effects on various aspects of children's well-being. They are driven by common underlying factors.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa Ponti, Luca Gabutti, Pietro B. Fare, Simone Janett, Mario G. Bianchetti, Peter J. Schulz, Sebastiano A. G. Lava, Carlo Agostoni, Gregorio P. Milani
Summary: This report investigates the daily vitamin D supply provided by multivitamins containing vitamin D sold on Amazon marketplaces in Western and Southern Europe. The study found that most multivitamins had insufficient vitamin D-3 supply, and only a few products met the recommended dosage for high-risk individuals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina De Cosmi, Sonia Cipriani, Giovanna Esposito, Francesco Fedele, Irene La Vecchia, Giuseppe Trojano, Fabio Parazzini, Edgardo Somigliana, Carlo Agostoni
Summary: This study explored the relationship between intake of antioxidants, vitamins, and carotenoids and outcomes of assisted reproduction techniques. The results showed that age was associated with the number of good quality oocytes, and moderate physical activity in the prior 5 years was associated with a higher rate of achieving clinical pregnancy. Smoking, alcohol intake, and caffeine consumption showed no associations with any outcome, and there were no associations found between intake of vitamins C, D, E, and alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and folate.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Poli, Carlo Agostoni, Francesco Visioli
Summary: Among polyunsaturated fatty acids, the n-3 series (ALA, EPA, and DHA) have been extensively studied for their cardiovascular health benefits, while recent research is focusing on n-6 PUFAs, especially linoleic acid (LA). Although n-6 PUFAs are criticized for being pro-inflammatory, growing evidence suggests their positive effects on cardiovascular health. This review discusses the role of n-6 PUFAs in inflammation, human health, and prognosis, concluding that adequate intakes of n-6 fatty acids are associated with better cardiovascular health and child development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Borasio, Valentina De Cosmi, Veronica D'Oria, Silvia Scaglioni, Marie-Louise Eva Syren, Stefano Turolo, Carlo Agostoni, Marilena Coniglio, Massimo Molteni, Alessandro Antonietti, Maria Luisa Lorusso
Summary: The study investigates the associations between PUFA blood levels, nutritional status, and reading ability. Significant correlations were found between PUFA levels and reading scores, with fatty acids mediating the association between reading speed and nutritional status. Additionally, reading speed performances moderated the associations between blood PUFA levels and dietary intake. The findings suggest that reading skills are influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including fatty acids and nutritional status.
Article
Pediatrics
Antonio Corsello, Carlo Agostoni
Summary: The ongoing debate on the optimal duration of breastfeeding in high-income countries is challenging, as it involves multifaceted considerations such as nutritional needs, psychological factors, and cultural influences. The impact on maternal health, sleep routines, and family dynamics should also be carefully weighed.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dafni Athanasaki, John Lakoumentas, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Carlo Agostoni, Florian Berghea, Marcela Daniela Ionescu, Emilia Vassilopoulou
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa (ON) risk in Greek dietetics students and its relationship with diet, eating disorder risk, body mass index (BMI), body image flexibility, and parental attachment. The results showed that ON risk was significantly associated with BMI, exercise frequency, anxiety level, eating disorder risk, body image inflexibility, and inversely with the affectionate constraint of maternal bonding. Identifying and preventing potential ON during childhood can help eliminate these concerns and improve the lives of dietetics students.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrea Santangelo, Antonio Corsello, Giulia Carla Immacolata Spolidoro, Chiara Maria Trovato, Carlo Agostoni, Alessandro Orsini, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Diego Giampietro Peroni
Summary: The ketogenic diet restricts carbohydrate consumption and increases the production of ketone bodies, which has shown potential benefits in weight management, blood sugar control, and certain neurological conditions. However, the long-term efficacy and potential for inducing dysbiosis are still uncertain. Additional research is needed to comprehensively assess the impact of the ketogenic diet on nutritional status and gut microbiota.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Mattinzoli, Stefano Turolo, Masami Ikehata, Simone Vettoretti, Giovanni Montini, Carlo Agostoni, Costanza Conti, Matteo Benedetti, Piergiorgio Messa, Carlo Maria Alfieri, Giuseppe Castellano
Summary: During CKD progression, there is an increase in FGF23 and a positive correlation between FGF23 and n-6 PUFAs. However, our study found that the relationship between FGF23, PUFAs, and MCP1 may differ in CKD and KTx patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carmen Monge-Montero, Liandre F. van der Merwe, Silvia Tagliamonte, Carlo Agostoni, Paola Vitaglione
Summary: This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons why mothers choose mixed milk feeding (MMF). The study identified and categorized 13 different drivers/reasons for MMF, including perceived choice, necessity, and pressure. Factors such as perceived breast milk insufficiency, breastfeeding difficulties, and returning to work were commonly reported reasons for MMF.
Article
Pediatrics
Kodak Raul Marroda, Cristiana Berti, Adriano La Vecchia, Carlo Agostoni, Bruno Nazim Baroni, Silvia Bettocchi, Mattia Baglioni
Summary: This pilot study examined the feeding practices among children aged 0-23 months in Namuno, Mozambique, and identified key drivers. The study found that the infant and young child feeding practices in the district did not meet the WHO/UNICEF indicators and recommendations, emphasizing the need for interventions to promote exclusive breastfeeding.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Gregorio P. Milani, Claudio Rosa, Naz Tuzger, Ilaria Alberti, Chiara Ghizzi, Stefania Zampogna, Angela Amigoni, Carlo Agostoni, Diego Peroni, Paola Marchisio, Elena Chiappini
Summary: This study investigates the management of acute pharyngitis in emergency units in Italy. The results show that about half of the units use a scoring system to diagnose pharyngitis, with the McIsaac score being the most commonly used. Most emergency units do not provide rapid antigen diagnostic tests, but they are more readily available in units with higher patient volume. Despite the lack of microbiologically confirmed cases, about half of the units prescribe antibiotics for children with pharyngitis.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Chiara Maria Corso, Paola Marchisio, Carlo Agostoni, Giovanni Casazza, Giorgio Costantino, Gregorio P. Milani
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
