Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sadia Haider, Sara Fontanella, Anhar Ullah, Stephen Tumer, Angela Simpson, Graham Roberts, Clare S. Murray, John W. Holloway, John A. Curtin, Paul Cullinan, Syed Hasan Arshad, Guillem Hurault, Raquel Granell, Adnan Custovic
Summary: The study found significant variation in the patterns of eczema, wheeze, and rhinitis morbidity, with multimorbidity being rare but significantly overrepresented. Infantile eczema was associated with subsequent multimorbidity, but the majority of children with eczema did not progress to any comorbidities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Logan C. Dearborn, Marnie F. Hazlehurst, Christine T. Loftus, Adam A. Szpiro, Kecia N. Carroll, Paul E. Moore, Margaret A. Adgent, Emily S. Barrett, Ruby H. N. Nguyen, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Nicole R. Bush, Joel D. Kaufman, Catherine J. Karr
Summary: This study found that early life air pollution can influence the development of asthma and wheezing in children aged 4-6 years with a history of bronchiolitis. The research was conducted by observing and evaluating a longitudinal cohort from six US cities, estimating the exposure of these children to fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone pollution from ages 1 to 3 years, and controlling for other factors. The results showed that for every 2 ppb increase in ozone concentration, the risk of developing asthma in children increased by 1.4 times, and the risk of developing wheezing increased by 1.3 times.
Article
Pediatrics
Idun Holmdahl, Anastasia Filiou, Katarina Stenberg Hammar, Anna Asarnoj, Magnus P. Borres, Marianne van Hage, Gunilla Hedlin, Cilla Soderhall, Jon R. Konradsen
Summary: This study followed children with acute wheeze during early childhood to age 7 and found that acute wheeze caused by rhinovirus infection at inclusion was the main associated factor for developing persistent asthma. Cases who developed asthma also required more hospital time and care after inclusion.
Review
Allergy
Lubnaa Hossenbaccus, Sophia Linton, Rashi Ramchandani, Mallory J. Gallant, Anne K. Ellis
Summary: Parental history of allergic diseases, exposure to smoking, limited diet diversity, contact with antibiotics, and lifestyle factors may increase the risk of allergies, while household exposures, air pollution, and socioeconomic status may act as risk factors. Understanding the relationship between these factors can help to better understand and prevent the development of allergic diseases.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Euripide F. G. A. Avokpaho, Laure Gineau, Audrey Sabbagh, Eloic Atindegla, Arnauld Fiogbe, Sean Galagan, Moudachirou Ibikounle, Achille Massougbodji, Judd L. Walson, Adrian J. F. Luty, Andre Garcia
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of wheezing among children in Benin aged 6-14, with Ascaris lumbricoides infection being a significant risk factor for wheeze. Deworming, improving cooking methods to reduce household air pollution, modifying dietary habits to avoid overweight, and keeping animals out of the house were identified as important interventions to reduce children's risk of wheeze.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Arthur H. Owora, Yijia Zhang
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed childhood wheeze trajectory studies to identify childhood wheeze trajectory group-specific risk factors among children from birth through to adolescence.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Chloe I. Bloom, Courtney Franklin, Andrew Bush, Sejal Saglani, Jennifer K. Quint
Summary: The study found that preschool wheeze in the United Kingdom causes a significant healthcare burden, affecting around 7.7% of preschool children. Wheeze events were least common in August and most common in late-autumn/early-winter. Various factors such as wheeze frequency and severity, atopy, maternal asthma, were associated with progression to asthma in preschool children.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Julie Nyholm Kyvsgaard, Bo Lund Chawes, David Lyle George Horner, Laura Marie Hesselberg, Mathias Elsner Melgaard, Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen, Ann-Marie M. Schoos, Jonathan Thorsen, Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen, Nicklas Brustad, Klaus Bonnelykke, Hans Bisgaard, Jakob Stokholm
Summary: Asthma-like symptoms in young children are common, and this study investigated the risk factors and their age-related impact on the symptom burden. The results showed that male sex, maternal asthma, low birth weight, maternal antibiotic use, high asthma exacerbation polygenic risk score, and high airway immune score were associated with a higher number of episodes. The impact of certain risk factors increased with age, while others remained stable.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Myrtha E. Reyna, Ruixue Dai, Maxwell M. Tran, Vanessa Breton, Maria Medeleanu, Wendy Y. W. Lou, Rachel E. Foong, Melanie Emmerson, Christoffer Dharma, Kozeta Miliku, Diana L. Lefebvre, Elinor Simons, Meghan B. Azad, Moira Chan-Yeung, Allan B. Becker, Piush J. Mandhane, Stuart E. Turvey, Graham L. Hall, Theo J. Moraes, Malcolm R. Sears, Padmaja Subbarao
Summary: Despite advances in asthma therapeutics, the burden of asthma is still highest in preschool children. This study developed and evaluated a symptom-based screening tool to detect preschool children at high risk of asthma and persistent wheeze symptoms. The tool, called CHART, showed good predictive accuracy and could be easily incorporated into primary care settings.
Article
Allergy
Abdal J. Farhan, Dilini M. Kothalawala, Ramesh J. Kurukulaaratchy, Raquel Granell, Angela Simpson, Clare Murray, Adnan Custovic, Graham Roberts, Hongmei Zhang, S. Hasan Arshad
Summary: This study developed four risk score models to predict the development and persistence of asthma in childhood up to young adulthood. ASPIRE-1, ASPIRE-2, ASPIRE-3, and ASPIRE-4 were the four models generated, and they showed varying sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for predicting asthma at different ages. ASPIRE-1 and ASPIRE-3 scores were externally validated, and ASPIRE-1 can be used interchangeably with ASPIRE-2-4 while maintaining predictive accuracy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Derek Werthmann, Berna van Wendel de Joode, Michael T. Cuffney, Brian J. Reich, Manuel E. Soto-Martinez, Andrea Corrales-Vargas, Luis Palomo-Cordero, Jorge Penaloza-Castanedac, Jane A. Hoppin
Summary: This study evaluated the association between medical conditions and environmental exposures with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as a marker of airway inflammation. The results showed that rhinitis and wheeze were associated with elevated FeNO, and smoke from waste burning and para-occupational pesticide exposure may contribute to the increase of FeNO in rural communities.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Garthika Navaranjan, Miriam L. Diamond, Shelley A. Harris, Liisa M. Jantunen, Sarah Bernstein, James A. Scott, Tim K. Takaro, Ruixue Dai, Diana L. Lefebvre, Meghan B. Azad, Allan B. Becker, Piush J. Mandhane, Theo J. Moraes, Elinor Simons, Stuart E. Turvey, Malcolm R. Sears, Padmaja Subbarao, Jeffrey R. Brook
Summary: The study found an association between DEHP exposure in the first year of life and increased risks of asthma and recurrent wheezing among children at 5 years. These findings suggest the need to assess whether more stringent regulations are required to protect children's health, which can be informed by future work exploring the main sources of DEHP exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Katie Bonner, Elizabeth Scotney, Sejal Saglani
Summary: Preschool wheezing is associated with early life exposures, such as early allergen sensitization, respiratory infections, and the impact of the environment on shaping the airway microbiome and immune responses. While there is abundant associative data showing factors influencing wheeze onset and persistence, mechanistic and stratified interventional studies are needed to confirm these associations.
EXPERT REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Kathleen Lee-Sarwar, Sandra Dedrick, Babak Momeni, Rachel S. Kelly, Robert S. Zeiger, George T. O'Connor, Megan T. Sandel, Leonard B. Bacharier, Avraham Beigelman, Nancy Laranjo, Diane R. Gold, Jessica Lasky-Su, Augusto A. Litonjua, Yang-Yu Liu, Scott T. Weiss
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between gut microbiome and metabolome and wheeze frequency in children with asthma. The results showed that specific microbial taxa and metabolites were associated with high wheeze proportion in children. This finding suggests the impact of the gut microbiome on asthma morbidity in children.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chuang-Ming Wang, Shun-Ting Yang, Cheng-Chia Yang, Hsiao-Yu Chiu, Hsiang-Yu Lin, Ming-Luen Tsai, Hung-Chih Lin, Yu-Chia Chang
Summary: By analyzing data from two databases, it was found that perinatal factors were associated with the development of asthma phenotypes. Prematurity, male gender, ventilator use, antibiotics use, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were among the risk factors identified. It is important to identify specific risk factors for different asthma phenotypes in order to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Luis Garcia-Marcos, Manuel Sanchez-Solis
JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Clara Suarez-Martinez, Genoveva Yague-Guirao, Marina Santaella-Pascual, Patricia Peso-Echarri, Jesus Vioque, Eva Morales, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Carmen Martinez-Gracia
Summary: This study assessed the adherence to the Mediterranean diet among pregnant women and found that younger mothers with more previous deliveries were more likely to have a low adherence. Additionally, mothers with university education and those who engaged in sports activities for two or more hours per week had a lower risk of low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The NELA cohort was classified as having a medium level of adherence according to the three indices used in the study. The results suggest the potential for intervention strategies and dietary recommendations to improve the health of both mothers and offspring.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Luis Garcia-Marcos
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
George Antonogeorgos, Kostas N. Priftis, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Philippa Ellwood, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Evangelia Liakou, Alexandra Koutsokera, Pavlos Drakontaeidis, Marina Thanasia, Maria Mandrapylia, Konstantinos Douros
Summary: The study found that adolescents with high consumption of fruits and vegetables are less likely to have asthma, especially in families with parents with higher education. Parental education level plays an important role in the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and adolescent asthma.
Article
Respiratory System
Luis Garcia-Marcos, M. Innes Asher, Neil Pearce, Eamon Ellwood, Karen Bissell, Chen-Yuan Chiang, Asma El Sony, Philippa Ellwood, Guy B. Marks, Kevin Mortimer, A. Elena Martinez-Torres, Eva Morales, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, Steven Robertson, Charlotte E. Rutter, Richard J. Silverwood, David P. Strachan
Summary: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in school children worldwide. The results demonstrate significant variations in the burden of these diseases among the countries studied, with a considerable burden observed in all regions.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Rosa A. Sola-Martinez, Manuel Sanchez-Solis, Gema Lozano-Terol, Julia Gallego-Jara, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Manuel Canovas Diaz, Teresa de Diego Puente
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the volatilome and lung function in healthy infants, and found a significant association between VOCs related to oxidative stress and lung function.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Kevin Mortimer, Maia Lesosky, Luis Garcia-Marcos, M. Innes Asher, Neil Pearce, Eamon Ellwood, Karen Bissell, Asma El Sony, Philippa Ellwood, Guy B. Marks, Antonela Martinez-Torres, Eva Morales, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, Steven Robertson, Charlotte E. Rutter, Richard J. Silverwood, David P. Strachan, Chen-Yuan Chiang
Summary: This study aims to fill the evidence gap regarding the burden of asthma, hay fever, and eczema in adults in multiple countries. The results show a substantial burden of these diseases, highlighting their major public health importance.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
George Antonogeorgos, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Kostas N. Priftis, Evangelia Liakou, Alexandra Koutsokera, Pavlos Drakontaeidis, Marina Thanasia, Maria Mandrapylia, Dafni Moriki, Philippa Ellwood, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Konstantinos Douros
Summary: This study found that parental education level moderates the association between adolescents' diet and physical activity and atopic diseases. Adolescents with higher educated parents showed a stronger relationship between healthy dietary and physical activity habits and reduced likelihood of atopic diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rosa A. Sola-Martinez, Gema Lozano Terol, Julia Gallego-Jara, Eva Morales, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Jose Antonio Noguera-Velasco, Manuel Canovas Diaz, Teresa de Diego Puente
Summary: Physicians are particularly concerned about the impact of exposure to indoor air pollutants and household dampness on respiratory/allergic health. This study used the measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as a method to monitor environmental exposures. The results showed that exposure to household humidity significantly influenced the levels of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in the exhaled breath of mothers. For infants, some VOC levels were associated with home dampness exposure, but did not reach statistical significance. It was also found that the eosinophil counts of mothers exposed to home dampness were significantly elevated compared to non-exposed mothers. These findings suggest that exposure to home dampness may have an impact on VOC patterns in exhaled breath.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Valverde-Molina, Luis Garcia-Marcos
Summary: The importance of the microbiome and the gut-lung axis in the development and persistence of asthma is currently being investigated. The colonization of microbes in the first three years of life, especially the first hundred days, plays a crucial role in determining health. Early microbial dysbiosis caused by factors such as cesarean delivery, artificial lactation, and antibiotic therapy have been associated with the later development of asthma in children.
Article
Allergy
Sinead Maire Langan, Amy R. Mulick, Charlotte E. Rutter, Richard J. Silverwood, Innes Asher, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Eamon Ellwood, Karen Bissell, Chen-Yuan Chiang, Asma El Sony, Philippa Ellwood, Guy B. Marks, Kevin Mortimer, A. Elena Martinez-Torres, Eva Morales, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, Steven Robertson, Hywel C. Williams, David P. Strachan, Neil Pearce
Summary: The prevalence of eczema has increased over the past 27 years, with significant variations in income and region. Understanding the reasons behind these differences can inform prevention strategies.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dafni Moriki, George Antonogeorgos, Despoina Koumpagioti, Despoina Chaloutsi, Philippa Ellwood, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Kostas N. Priftis, Konstantinos Douros, Demosthenes Panagiotakos
Summary: The association between adherence to an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern and the prevalence of atopic diseases among adolescents was examined. It was found that adolescents with high adherence to an anti-inflammatory diet were 58% less likely to have asthma symptoms. This suggests that an anti-inflammatory diet may be related to the prevalence of asthma in adolescents and should be promoted among pediatricians and other healthcare providers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paola C. Fernandez-Paredes, Eva Morales, Concepcion Lopez-Soler, Luis Garcia-Marcos, NELA Study Grp
Summary: The study found that there is no significant association between asthma and the psychological wellbeing of pregnant women. Asthmatic pregnant women and non-asthmatic pregnant women showed no significant differences in test scores.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira, Lucas Pitrez Mocelin, Philippa Ellwood, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Laura Simon, Pietro Rinelli, Herberto Jose Chong-Neto, Dirceu Sole
Summary: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and factors associated with it in adolescents and their parents/guardians. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1,058 adolescents and 896 parents/guardians in Uruguaiana, Brazil. The results showed that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 28.0% in adolescents and 31.7% in adults. Factors such as low physical exercise, having only one older sibling, and daily meat consumption were associated with allergic rhinitis in adolescents, while exposure to fungi at home and weekly meat consumption were associated with allergic rhinitis in adults.
REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Angelita Cabrera, Cesar Picado, Alejandro Rodriguez, Luis Garcia-Marcos
Summary: In the last two decades, the prevalence of asthma and eczema symptoms has significantly declined in adolescent population in Quito, while the prevalence of rhinitis symptoms has increased. Compared to ISAAC results, the GAN study found lower prevalence of wheeze and eczema symptoms but higher prevalence of rhinitis symptoms. Significant associations were observed between symptoms of asthma-rhinitis-eczema and sex, race/ethnicity, smoking habit, physical exercise, and sedentary activities. Further studies are needed to evaluate the changing trends in asthma and allergic diseases in the country.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)