Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Huiqian Yu, Dantong Gu, Fangzhou Yu, Qingzhong Li
Summary: This study evaluates the additional benefits of social distancing in reducing the prevalence of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the implementation of social distancing measures in 2020 led to a 63.6% reduction in AOM outpatient attendance, indicating that social distancing, mask usage, and good hand hygiene can significantly decrease the incidence of AOM.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kyu Hyun Park, Seung-Ah Choe, Ju-Young Shin, Young June Choe
Summary: This study describes the changing patterns of antibiotic use in children with acute otitis media in South Korea. The prescription of amoxicillin has increased while cephalosporin and macrolide use has decreased. Multifaceted approaches are needed to control antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Elena Lia Spoiala, Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, Veronica Bild, Daniela Carmen Ababei, Cristina Gavrilovici
Summary: This paper focuses on the current insights into the antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, including preclinical evaluation, overview of new antimicrobial agents, and analysis of different guidelines. Treatment preference varies depending on the causative organism, with amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate combination being the preferred agents for Streptococcus pneumoniae-related AOM. The decision to prescribe antimicrobial treatment is based on symptom severity in most guidelines reviewed.
Article
Pediatrics
Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Tianyan Hu, Tanaz Petigara, Francesca Senese, Gian Marco Prandi, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, Carlo Giaquinto
Summary: This study aimed to assess the incidence trends of acute otitis media (AOM) in children following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Italy. The results showed a significant decrease in AOM incidence rates after the introduction of PCV13, with older children benefiting the most.
Article
Pediatrics
Esra Ekinci, Stefanie Desmet, Liesbet Van Heirstraeten, Colette Mertens, Ine Wouters, Philippe Beutels, Jan Verhaegen, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Heidi Theeten
Summary: A study in Belgium found similar rates of pneumococcal carriage and density in young children with AOM and healthy children in daycare centers. Certain serotypes not included in PCV vaccines were more frequently carried in children with AOM, suggesting a potential relationship between these serotypes and AOM.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Michael E. Pichichero, Timothy J. Chapman, Peter Bajorski
Summary: The study revealed that otitis-prone children are more susceptible to respiratory infections, showing higher rates of pneumonia, acute sinusitis, and influenza compared to non-otitis-prone children. This increased susceptibility was present from 6 months to 5 years of age, indicating the importance of monitoring and managing respiratory infections in otitis-prone children.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Cristina Gavrilovici, Elena-Lia Spoiala, Ingrith-Crenguta Miron, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Codruta Olimpiada Iliescu Halitchi, Irina Nicoleta Zetu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Carmen Panzaru
Summary: Acute otitis media (AOM) remains a major reason for antibiotic use in children, despite the availability of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. A study conducted in a pediatric emergency hospital in Romania found that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the most common bacteria associated with AOM. Alarmingly, a high proportion of the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were resistant to multiple drugs. This highlights the importance of addressing antimicrobial resistance to minimize the negative impact on healthcare costs.
Article
Pediatrics
Oren Ziv, Dana Adelson, Reem Sadeh, Sofia Kordeluk, Sabri El-Saied, Eugene Leibovitz, Mordechai Kraus, Daniel Kaplan
Summary: This retrospective cohort study showed that immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) significantly reduced the occurrence of recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) in infants following an early episode of acute otitis media (AOM).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Isabella O. Conway, Marcia Kurs-Lasky, Nader Shaikh
Summary: In this study, we compared the distribution of organisms in the nasopharynx and middle ear fluid in episodes of acute otitis media in young children. We found that Moraxella catarrhalis is isolated from middle ear fluid in only 11% of cases with nasopharyngeal colonization by this organism, in contrast to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Xu, Joshua Earl, Michael E. Pichichero
Summary: Analysis of microbiota composition in the nasopharynx of children revealed correlations between certain genera and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization, with Corynebacterium showing a consistent inverse relationship. Corynebacterium propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum were found to inhibit the growth of Spn serotype 22F strain in vitro.
Article
Immunology
Son H. McLaren, Nipam Shah, Suzanne M. Schmidt, Aijin Wang, Julia Thompson, Peter S. Dayan, Christopher M. Pruitt
Summary: Limited data on examination criteria for diagnosing acute otitis media in young infants. Clinicians typically diagnose acute otitis media by documenting tympanic membrane erythema with at least one other otologic abnormality (64.1%). Notable differences in ear examination findings used for diagnosis exist across age subgroups.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Gijs van Ingen, Carlijn M. P. le Clercq, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Henriette A. Moll, Liesbeth Duijts, Hein Raat, Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong, Marc P. van der Schroeff
Summary: This study identified three distinct trajectories of acute otitis media (AOM) in childhood and associated determinants, such as gender, daycare attendance, and breastfeeding, with specific AOM trajectories. Half of all AOM-prone children recovered after the age of 3 years. Further research is needed to predict which children will remain otitis-prone and tailor treatment accordingly.
CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Alexander Clark, David Forner, Christopher W. Noel, Gerard Corsten, Paul Hong
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether children with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) without middle ear effusion (MEE) ultimately received tympanostomy tube placement. The results showed that 91% of patients presenting without MEE did not require tympanostomy tubes. This suggests that adhering to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for RAOM may lead to a reduced need for surgery within the first year after the initial diagnosis.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Su Young Jung, Dokyoung Kim, Dong Choon Park, Eun Hye Lee, Yong-Sung Choi, Jeewon Ryu, Sang Hoon Kim, Seung Geun Yeo
Summary: Otitis media is caused by various factors including infections, anatomo-physiological abnormalities, allergies, and environmental influences. This study highlights the immune responses in otitis media patients, focusing on antibodies and transcription factors produced by B cells, as well as the important functions of B cells in immune defense.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Cristina Gavrilovici, Elena-Lia Spoiala, Anca-Viorica Ivanov, Adriana Mocanu, Violeta Streanga, Mirabela-Smaranda Alecsa, Ingrith Miron
Summary: Obesity may be associated with the incidence of otitis media (OM), and vice versa. The main mechanisms for developing OM in obese patients include alteration in cytokine profile, increased gastroesophageal reflux, and fat accumulation.
