Cryotherapeutic Topical Analgesics for Pediatric Intravenous Catheter Placement

Vapocoolant spray vs subcutaneous lidocaine injection for reducing the pain of intravenous cannulation: a randomized, controlled, clinical trial

(2010) D.E. Page et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA

Validation of the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale in Pediatric Emergency Department Patients

(2009) Gregory Garra et al.   ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE

Peripheral Difficult Venous Access in Children

(2009) Daniel Rauch et al.   CLINICAL PEDIATRICS

Analgesic pretreatment for antibiotic skin test: vapocoolant spray vs ice cube

(2008) Woo Yong Yoon et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE

The effect of vapocoolant spray on pain due to intravenous cannulation in children: a randomized controlled trial

(2008) K. J. Farion et al.   CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL

Mitigation of pain during intravenous catheter placement using a topical skin coolant in the emergency department

(2008) B H Hartstein et al.   EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL

Reduction of Topical Anesthetic Onset Time Using Ultrasound: A Randomized Controlled Trial Prior to Venipuncture in Young Children

(2008) William T. Zempsky et al.   PAIN MEDICINE

Pharmacologic Approaches for Reducing Venous Access Pain in Children

(2008) William T. Zempsky   PEDIATRICS