Article
Emergency Medicine
Frank Petruzella, Joshua S. Easter
Summary: Most children are treated at general Emergency Departments (EDs) instead of specialized pediatric EDs, so it is important for emergency medicine physicians to stay updated on developments in pediatric emergency medicine. Ten impactful and relevant studies were selected, covering topics such as status epilepticus, cardiac arrest, asthma, and more.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Jackie Tsao, Marcus Hook, Purvi Shah, Peter M. Bingham
Summary: The study evaluated changes in imaging practices for pediatric head trauma after the publication of PECARN guidelines, finding that more patients met criteria for head CT before the guidelines were published. Clinically insignificant incidental findings were often detected, prompting additional diagnostic testing or invasive intervention in some cases.
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. M. Elliott, D. M. Walton, S. R. Albin, D. M. Courtney, G. P. Siegmund, L. J. Carroll, K. A. Weber II, A. C. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to test whether widespread muscle fat infiltration is unique to those with poor recovery, present in the peritraumatic stage, and related to known risk factors.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Faraaz Ali Shah, Nuala J. Meyer, Derek C. Angus, Rana Awdish, Elie Azoulay, Carolyn S. Calfee, Gilles Clermont, Anthony C. Gordon, Arthur Kwizera, Aleksandra Leligdowicz, John C. Marshall, Carmen Mikacenic, Pratik Sinha, Balasubramanian Venkatesh, Hector R. Wong, Fernando G. Zampieri, Sachin Yende
Summary: Precision medicine focuses on identifying effective treatment strategies for groups of patients based on similar characteristics, and similar advances are possible in sepsis and ARDS with further research and investment. By creating knowledge networks, implementing novel trial designs, and continuing to innovate methods, precision medicine may offer better individualized therapies for patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tim W. H. Rijnhout, Femke Noorman, Oscar J. F. van Waes, Michaela van Bohemen, Michael H. J. Verhofstad, Rigo Hoencamp
Summary: This study assessed the knowledge of local massive transfusion protocols (MTP) and transfusion strategy in level 1 trauma centers in the Netherlands. The results showed that the majority of physicians dealing with trauma patients lacked awareness of the exact composition of MTP and there was low consensus regarding transfusion strategy and indication for platelet transfusion.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Narayan Iyer, Robinder Khemani, Guillaume Emeriaud, Yolanda. M. Lopez-Fernandez, Steven Kwasi Korang, Katherine M. Steffen, Ryan. P. Barbaro, Melania. M. Bembea
Summary: This article presents the methodology used for The Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2) which aimed to develop evidence-based clinical recommendations and expert-based consensus statements for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). Electronic searches were conducted and data extraction was done using a standardized form. The conference involved a multidisciplinary group of international experts and utilized the GRADE system and appropriateness method. The findings were disseminated through primary and supplemental publications.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jerome Rambaud, Ryan P. Barbaro, Duncan J. Macrae, Heidi Dalton
Summary: This article aims to systematically review and synthesize literature on children receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), with the goal of updating the recommendations from the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Based on the analysis of 18 studies, six clinical recommendations, three good practice statements, two policy statements, and one research statement were generated.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Prashant Nasa, Elie Azoulay, Ashish K. Khanna, Ravi Jain, Sachin Gupta, Yash Javeri, Deven Juneja, Pradeep Rangappa, Krishnaswamy Sundararajan, Waleed Alhazzani, Massimo Antonelli, Yaseen M. Arabi, Jan Bakker, Laurent J. Brochard, Adam M. Deane, Bin Du, Sharon Einav, Andres Esteban, Ognjen Gajic, Samuel M. Galvagno, Claude Guerin, Samir Jaber, Gopi C. Khilnani, Younsuck Koh, Jean-Baptiste Lascarrou, Flavia R. Machado, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Jordi Mancebo, Michael T. McCurdy, Brendan A. McGrath, Sangeeta Mehta, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Mervyn Mer, Michael Nurok, Pauline K. Park, Paolo Pelosi, John V. Peter, Jason Phua, David V. Pilcher, Lise Piquilloud, Peter Schellongowski, Marcus J. Schultz, Manu Shankar-Hari, Suveer Singh, Massimiliano Sorbello, Ravindranath Tiruvoipati, Andrew A. Udy, Tobias Welte, Sheila N. Myatra
Summary: A study was conducted using the Delphi process to develop clinical practice statements on the respiratory management of COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure. A total of 27 management strategies were agreed upon by experts, leading to the development of 20 expert clinical practice statements. Experts unanimously agreed that COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome is clinically similar to other forms of ARDS.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongxin Zheng, Jinping Wang, Zhaoyi Ling, Jiamei Zhang, Yuan Zeng, Ke Wang, Yu Zhang, Lingbo Nong, Ling Sang, Yonghao Xu, Xiaoqing Liu, Yimin Li, Yongbo Huang
Summary: The consensus of multiple machine learning algorithms identified 5 genes that could distinguish ALI from septic patients. The diagnostic model could identify high-risk ALI patients and provide potential therapeutic targets for sepsis-induced ALI.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Mira Reichman, Jafar Bakhshaie, Victoria A. Grunberg, James D. Doorley, Ana-Maria Vranceanu
Summary: Integrating psychosocial resources into orthopaedic clinics can enhance patient satisfaction, reduce psychological distress and opioid use. Orthopaedic healthcare professionals' attitudes toward patient psychosocial factors are related to their beliefs, reasonings, and experiences. Attitudes differ between physicians and nonphysician healthcare professionals.
CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Thomas F. Moriarty, Noreen J. Hickok, Kordo Saeed, Thomas P. Schaer, Antonia F. Chen, Edward M. Schwarz
Summary: This article reports on the international consensus meeting on musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) conducted by the Orthopaedic Research Society's Research Interest Group after the 2023 Annual Meeting. The work products of this meeting include a list of questions with recommendations and rationales, voting results, and consensus articles. The article also summarizes the 3-year Delphi process used in the meeting, as well as the challenges that were addressed and the remaining work.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Peter Reynolds, Porus Bustani, Colm Darby, Jose Ramon Fernandez Alvarez, Grenville Fox, Steve Jones, Sara Jane Robertson, Vimal Vasu, Charles Christoph Roehr
Summary: Less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) is a method for RDS treatment that can be successfully implemented by training multidisciplinary teams and following guidelines. The procedure should be completed within 30 minutes of deciding to administer surfactant, with consideration for infant comfort and the need to maintain non-invasive respiratory support.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Kerry McCans, Selina Varma, Sriram Ramgopal, Christian Martin-Gill, Sylvia Owusu-Ansah
Summary: This study compared statewide emergency medical services protocols for the management of pediatric respiratory distress in the United States. The findings showed consistency in recommendations for albuterol use for wheezing and epinephrine use for anaphylaxis, but wide variability in other uses for epinephrine, steroid administration, continuous positive airway pressure use, and specific treatments for croup and epiglottitis.
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Carmen Mikacenic, Lynn A. Fussner, Jasmine Bell, Ellen L. Burnham, Linda L. Chlan, Sarah K. Cook, Robert P. Dickson, Francis Almonor, Fengming Luo, Karan Madan, Luisa Morales-Nebreda, Kara J. Mould, A. John Simpson, Benjamin D. Singer, Renee D. Stapleton, Chris H. Wendt, D. Clark Files
Summary: Bronchoscopy for research purposes is a valuable tool to understand lung-specific biology in humans. This study provides recommendations for patient selection, hospital staff protection, sample procurement, and sample preparation. The committee concludes that research bronchoscopy is valuable and safe in appropriately selected patients.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Jun Liu, Md Khadem Ali, Yuqiang Mao
Summary: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-translated RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and play important roles in biological processes. LncRNA MALAT1 has been extensively studied in various lung diseases and has been found to be involved in their pathogenesis through different mechanisms. This article discusses the roles and molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, COVID-19, ARDS, lung cancers, and pulmonary hypertension.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Mollie C. Marr, Ruth Gerson, Mia Lee, Amy Storfer-Isser, Sarah M. Horwitz, Jennifer F. Havens
Summary: This study examined the prevalence of suicidality and traumatic exposures in children and adolescents presenting to a dedicated pediatric psychiatric emergency department. The results showed that traumatic experiences were common in youth with suicidal thoughts, but often overlooked in treatment settings. Routine screening for traumatic exposures in children presenting with suicidality should be implemented in emergency departments for more effective treatment.
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Jennifer F. Havens, Mollie C. Marr, Emily Hirsch
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
E. Brooke Lerner, Lorin R. Browne, Jonathan R. Studnek, N. Clay Mann, Mengtao Dai, Christopher K. Hoffman, Diane Pilkey, Kathleen M. Adelgais, Kathleen M. Brown, Joshua B. Gaither, Julie C. Leonard, Christian Martin-Gill, Daniel K. Nishijima, Sylvia Owusu Ansah, Zaeem S. Shah, Manish I. Shah
Summary: This study described the process of creating a PECARN specific NEMSIS dataset and compared it to national NEMSIS data. Results showed that PECARN data was similar to national data, though under-represented racial/ethnic minorities and some primary impressions. The study also found differences in how EMS activations were initiated and transported in PECARN areas compared to national data, likely due to the type of participating agencies and the communities they serve.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Philip C. Spinella, Julie C. Leonard, Barbara A. Gaines, James F. Luther, Stephen R. Wisniewski, Cassandra D. Josephson, Christine M. Leeper
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of antifibrinolytic drugs on children with life-threatening hemorrhage and finds that administering antifibrinolytic medication during the bleeding event significantly improves 6-hour and 24-hour survival rates. The study suggests that the use of antifibrinolytics should be considered in pediatric patients with life-threatening hemorrhage.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeffrey S. Bennett, David M. Gordon, Uddalak Majumdar, Patrick J. Lawrence, Adrianna Matos-Nieves, Katherine Myers, Anna N. Kamp, Julie C. Leonard, Kim L. McBride, Peter White, Vidu Garg
Summary: This study used a machine learning approach to predict pathogenic LMNA variants and identified a novel LMNA variant associated with conduction system disease. The results suggest that machine learning methods can assist in identifying high-risk variants of uncertain significance.
Article
Emergency Medicine
M. I. Harris, K. M. Adelgais, S. W. Linakis, C. F. Magill, R. Brazauskas, M. I. Shah, D. K. Nishijima, G. S. Lowe, K. Chadha, T. P. Chang, E. B. Lerner, J. C. Leonard, H. P. Schwartz, J. B. Gaither, J. R. Studnek, L. R. Browne
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of prehospital pain interventions on emergency department care. The results showed that children who received prehospital opioid analgesia experienced a significant reduction in pain severity upon arrival at the emergency department, and they were more likely to receive higher doses of opioid analgesia earlier and throughout their emergency department care.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Jordee M. Wells, Jonathan Rodean, Lawrence Cook, Marion R. Sills, Mark Neuman, Aaron E. Kornblith, Shobhit Jain, Alexander W. Hirsch, Monika K. Goyal, Eric W. Fleegler, Amy M. DeLaroche, Paul L. Aronson, Julie C. Leonard
Summary: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, pediatric injury-related visits to children's hospital emergency departments in the United States decreased overall, but there was a relative increase in injuries with the highest severity, which requires further investigation.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Robert T. Russell, Melania M. Bembea, Matthew A. Borgman, Randall S. Burd, Barbara A. Gaines, Mubeen Jafri, Cassandra D. Josephson, Christine M. Leeper, Julie C. Leonard, Jennifer A. Muszynski, Kathleen K. Nicol, Daniel K. Nishijima, Paul A. Stricker, Adam M. Vogel, Trisha E. Wong, Philip C. Spinella
Summary: Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in children and adolescents, and hemorrhagic shock is a common preventable cause of death in pediatric trauma patients. The lack of high-quality evidence hinders the guidance on specific aspects of hemorrhage control in this population, and further research is needed to address this knowledge gap.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Robert T. Russell, Joseph R. Esparaz, Michael A. Beckwith, Peter J. Abraham, Melania M. Bembea, Matthew A. Borgman, Randall S. Burd, Barbara A. Gaines, Mubeen Jafri, Cassandra D. Josephson, Christine Leeper, Julie C. Leonard, Jennifer A. Muszynski, Kathleen K. Nicol, Daniel K. Nishijima, Paul A. Stricker, Adam M. Vogel, Trisha E. Wong, Philip C. Spinella
Summary: Hemorrhagic shock in pediatric trauma patients is a challenging yet preventable cause of death. This study aimed to provide clinical recommendations, expert consensus, and good practice statements for the care of these difficult patients.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Leah K. Middelberg, Julie C. Leonard, Junxin Shi, Arturo Aranda, Julie C. Brown, Christina L. Cochran, Kasi Eastep, Maya Haasz, Jennifer A. Hoffmann, Alexander Koral, Abdulraouf Lamoshi, Steven Levitte, Yu Hsiang J. Lo, Taylor Montminy, Sara Myer, Nathan M. Novotny, Raphael H. Parrado, Wenly Ruan, Amanda M. Stewart, Saurabh Talathi, Melissa M. Tavarez, Peter Townsend, Julia Zaytsev, Bryan Rudolph
Summary: This study found that over 90% of subjects were unaware of the presence of warning labels on high-powered magnet products or failed to read them if they were present. Additionally, almost half of the subjects believed that high-powered magnets were children's toys. Therefore, warning labels are unlikely to effectively prevent injuries in children.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Hoi See Tsao, Rachael Alter, Erica Kane, Toni Gross, Lorin R. Browne, Marc Auerbach, Julie C. Leonard, Lorah Ludwig, Kathleen M. Adelgais
Summary: This study reports on the structure and outcomes of a Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinator Learning Collaborative conducted among nine states. Over a 6-month collaborative, a substantial number of Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinators were successfully recruited. Financial and time constraints were significant barriers to statewide recruitment, but these issues can potentially be addressed by EMS agency recognition programs.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Colleen J. Bressler, Lauren Malthaner, Nicholas Pondel, Megan M. Letson, David Kline, Julie C. Leonard
Summary: The objective of this study was to use natural language processing to query EMS electronic health records to identify variables associated with child maltreatment. The study found associations between certain variables and child maltreatment reports. This research demonstrates that risk factors for child maltreatment can be identified through EMS EHRs.
CHILD MALTREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Daniel K. Nishijima, Daniel J. Tancredi, Kathleen M. Adelgais, Kunal Chadha, Todd P. Chang, Matthew I. Harris, Julie C. Leonard, E. Brooke Lerner, Seth W. Linakis, Geoffrey S. Lowe, Christyn F. Magill, Hamilton P. Schwartz, Manish I. Shah, Lorin R. Browne
Summary: This study examined racial and ethnic disparities in the use of opioids during emergency transport for injured children. The results showed no significant statistical associations between race or ethnicity and the use of opioids. Factors associated with receiving opioids included the presence of a fracture, the type and experience of emergency medical services providers, patient age, and study site.
JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Callie Marshall, Cassandra D. Josephson, Julie C. Leonard, Stephen R. Wisniewski, Christine M. Leeper, James F. Luther, Philip C. Spinella
Summary: This study explores the lack of prospective data on optimal empiric massive transfusion strategies in non-traumatic massive haemorrhage in children. The findings suggest that high plasma or platelet to RBC ratios or lower deficits do not decrease mortality.
Article
Social Work
Mollie C. Marr, Samuel R. Bunting, Bradley A. Blansky, Lexi Dickson, Aayush Gabrani, Nelson F. Sanchez
Summary: LGBTQ+ adults face unique challenges in accessing healthcare, which may be amplified among older LGBTQ+ individuals due to marginalized identities. To meet the healthcare needs of older LGBTQ+ adults, graduate medical education must include training on their specific needs. A national survey found that a significant percentage of internal medicine residencies and geriatrics fellowships reported content relevant to the health of older LGBTQ+ adults. LGBTQ+ health education in these programs is crucial for providing culturally competent healthcare and creating an inclusive environment for older LGBTQ+ patients.
JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN SOCIAL SERVICES
(2023)
