Review
Immunology
Joanne Boldison, F. Susan Wong
Summary: Regulatory B cells (Bregs) play an anti-inflammatory role through both cytokine secretion and cell-contact mediated mechanisms. While IL-10 secretion is a hallmark feature of Bregs, IL-35 and TGF beta-producing B cells have also been identified. Reports identifying impaired frequency or function of Bregs in individuals with type 1 diabetes are limited, leading to a restricted understanding of the role played by these Breg subsets in the pathogenesis of the condition.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michelle G. Nevins, Jennifer N. Apell
Summary: The study investigated the impact of cloud cover on solar irradiance, revealing a non-linear relationship between cloud cover and irradiance with minimal impact at lower cloud cover percentages. Machine learning models were used to predict irradiance under different cloud conditions, showing that the degradation rates are proportional to the decrease in irradiance.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D. Mastrandrea, Lucy S. K. Walker
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and individuals with this disease rely on insulin for survival. Despite advancements, the burden of this disease remains high. Research shows that blocking the immune attack on beta cells holds promise in preserving endogenous insulin production.
Article
Microbiology
Bethan Kultschar, Ed Dudley, Steve Wilson, Carole Anne Llewellyn
Summary: UV-A exposure significantly influences metabolite levels in C. fritschii, showing an overall increase within 24 hours. UV-A is more similar to PAR compared to UV-B, indicating the importance of amino acids glutamate, phenylalanine, and leucine in UV stress response. Palmitic and stearic acids exhibit positive log2 fold-change in UV-A and PAR experiments, while showing negative log2 fold-change in UV-B experiments, suggesting the more harmful effect of UV-B on primary metabolism.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aaron E. Lee, Cherry Chiu, Aurelne Thian, Brittany Suann, Shelley Gorman
Summary: Higher levels of solar radiation and rainfall in Australian postcodes were associated with reduced prevalence of type-2 diabetes. Solar radiation showed a small relative contribution to the prevalence, while other covariates such as socioeconomic status, mean age, remoteness, and rainfall also showed significant correlations with the prevalence.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Fasolino, Gregory W. Schwartz, Abhijeet R. Patil, Aanchal Mongia, Maria L. Golson, Yue J. Wang, Ashleigh Morgan, Chengyang Liu, Jonathan Schug, Jinping Liu, Minghui Wu, Daniel Traum, Ayano Kondo, Catherine L. May, Naomi Goldman, Wenliang Wang, Michael Feldman, Jason H. Moore, Alberto S. Japp, Michael R. Betts, Robert B. Faryabi, Ali Naji, Klaus H. Kaestner, Golnaz Vahedi
Summary: This study provides a single-cell atlas of pancreatic islets in patients with type 1 diabetes, revealing potential immune cell activities and cell types. It offers important insights for studying the etiology of diabetes and developing new treatment approaches.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alaa Taha-Khalde, Alon Haim, Isabella Karakis, Sagi Shashar, Ron Biederko, Alexandra Shtein, Eli Hershkovitz, Lena Novack
Summary: The study suggests that exposure to high levels of ozone and solar radiation during gestation may be related to Type 1 diabetes, but more scientific evidence is needed to support this finding.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shivani K. Patel, Cindy S. Ma, Spiros Fourlanos, Jerry R. Greenfield
Summary: Studying autoantibody-negative T1D reveals the challenges and limitations in understanding this group, as they are excluded from immunomodulatory trials, hindering improvements in diagnostics and therapies for the disease.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nasim Rafiei, Ali Fatehizadeh, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Hamid Reza Pourzamani, Afshin Ebrahimi, Ensiyeh Taheri, Tejraj M. Aminabhavi
Summary: The study found that the coexisting anions had an impact on the degradation performance of UV/chlorine processes for dye-containing wastewater. Increasing pH reduced the efficiency, while increasing chlorine dose improved removal efficiency. HCO3 and Br ions were found to be the main inhibitors and promoters, respectively.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Olof Eriksson, Irina Velikyan, Torsten Haack, Martin Bossart, Iina Laitinen, Philip J. Larsen, Jan Erik Berglund, Gunnar Antoni, Lars Johansson, Stefan Pierrou, Joachim Tillner, Michael Wagner
Summary: In this study, an optimized and simplified scanning protocol for 68Ga-exendin4 was developed to enable reproducible imaging of GLP1R in the pancreas. 68Ga-exendin4 PET may enable quantification of longitudinal changes in pancreatic GLP1R during the development of type 2 diabetes, as well as target engagement studies of novel glucagonlike peptide-1 agonists.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Fernandes Bezerra, Celestino Neves, Joao Sergio Neves, Davide Carvalho
Summary: In this cross-sectional analysis of patients with T1D using intermittent scanned CGM, TIR and HbA1c were associated with complications of diabetes. TIR may be a better predictor than HbA1c of any complication and microvascular complications, while HbA1c may be a better predictor of macrovascular complications.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
H. Chen, Y. Yin, J. Niu, J. M. Kwak, M. Du
Summary: The Ultraviolet Resistance Locus 8 (UVR8) in plants plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth through signal transduction events triggered by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light. This study focuses on analysing the UVR8 in monocotyledon crops, specifically Brachypodium distachyon. The results show that BdUVR8 is a photoreceptor that perceives UV-B in B. distachyon.
Article
Immunology
Yikai Liu, Zhiying Chen, Junlin Qiu, Hongzhi Chen, Zhiguang Zhou
Summary: Our study revealed altered Tim-1 and IL-10 expression in regulatory B cells in T1D patients. Tim-1, as shown by the study, is associated with islet function and blood glucose levels, indicating that Tim-1(+) Bregs and IL-10(+) Bregs are involved in the pathogenesis of T1D.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Richard B. Greaves, Dawei Chen, E. Allison Green
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a result of sustained autoreactive T and B cell response towards insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. Among the many investigations addressing genetic or cellular changes related to central tolerance, thymic B cells have emerged as a new cellular player with a significant impact on the deletion of autoreactive T cells during their development. These thymic B cells can expand in T1D and other autoimmune conditions, leading to the secretion of autoantibodies that bind selective mTECs and induce their death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
James Alexander Pearson, F. Susan Wong, Li Wen
Summary: Microbiota play a crucial role in modulating susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes, with the association of microbiota composition with genetic risk and immune responses. The role of inflammasomes in Type 1 diabetes and the development of inhibitors for therapeutically targeting inflammasomes are areas that require further study.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
