Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Shaikh I. Ahmad, Jocelyn I. Meza, Maj-Britt Posserud, Erlend J. Brevik, Stephen P. Hinshaw, Astri J. Lundervold
Summary: The study found differential associations between childhood hyperactive/impulsive and inattention symptoms and adolescent peer problems across two diverse samples using a shared methodology. Higher levels of childhood hyperactive/impulsive symptoms independently predicted adolescent peer problems in the all-female clinical sample, while higher levels of inattention symptoms independently predicted preadolescent peer problems in the mixed-sex population sample. Associations between ADHD symptom dimensions and peer problems within the Norwegian sample were not moderated by child sex.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Morris, Mathew Ling, Jade Sheen, Emma Sciberras
Summary: Social impairment is common in adolescents with a history of ADHD, with significant differences in social functioning identified between those with and without ADHD. Four distinct social profiles were identified in adolescents with ADHD, with varying levels of social skills and associations with clinical features. Despite nearly half of adolescents with ADHD presenting with average or skilled social profiles, social functioning was still associated with worse symptomology and peer relationships.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen P. Becker, Melissa R. Dvorsky, Rosanna Breaux, Caroline N. Cusick, Katherine P. Taylor, Joshua M. Langberg
Summary: The study examined changes in adolescent sleep before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding that negative affect and health behaviors may impact sleep quality during this challenging time. Adolescents with ADHD did not experience the same benefits of increased sleep duration as adolescents without ADHD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kesten Bozinovic, Flannery McLamb, Katherine O'Connell, Natalie Olander, Zuying Feng, Sora Haagensen, Goran Bozinovic
Summary: ADHD is a growing health crisis in the United States, with a nationwide childhood prevalence of 8.7% and 62.1% of diagnosed children on medication. At the national and state level, there are positive correlations between ADHD diagnosis and unsafe school, unsafe neighborhood, and economic hardship, while a lack of ADHD diagnosis is negatively correlated with higher urban neighborhood amenities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Anne-Lise Juul Haugan, Anne Mari Sund, Per Hove Thomsen, Stian Lydersen, Torunn Stene Novik
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of ADHD symptoms, executive functions, and functional impairment on anxiety in clinical adolescents, and explore the mediating role of executive functions and functional impairment in this relationship. The results revealed that executive dysfunction is an important treatment target for alleviating anxiety in adolescents with impairing ADHD symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Li-Fan Pai, Der-Shiun Wang, Wan-Fu Hsu, Shao-Wei Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Shyi-Jou Chen, Wu-Chien Chien, Der-Ming Chu
Summary: This study found that children with ADHD have a higher risk of central precocious puberty. Early referral to a pediatric endocrinologist for evaluation can lead to correct diagnosis. Early intervention treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist may improve final height in children with central precocious puberty.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jung Tae Kim, Kibong Kim, Lin Ang, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Yong Choi, Myeong Soo Lee
Summary: This article describes a systematic review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for ADHD. The study will conduct literature searches in multiple databases and analyze the selected studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The findings of this review will be used to support relevant health policies and practices.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes Lieslehto, Jari Tiihonen, Markku Laehteenvuo, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Antti Tanskanen, Heidi Taipale
Summary: This study investigated the impact of pharmacotherapy on suicide risk in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The results indicated that ADHD medication may reduce the risk of suicide, while mood stabilizers and antidepressants may increase the risk. The findings suggest that benzodiazepines should be used with caution due to their association with increased suicide risk in patients with BPD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moses, Jeggan Tiego, Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study examined three potential endophenotypes for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): working memory function, response inhibition, and reaction time variability. The results showed that higher genetic risk for ADHD was associated with higher ADHD traits, as well as poorer working memory performance and increased reaction time variability. Lower working memory performance, poorer response inhibition, and increased reaction time variability were associated with more pronounced ADHD traits. Working memory and reaction time variability partially mediated the relationship between genetic risk for ADHD and ADHD traits, explaining 14% and 16% of the association, respectively.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikola Ferencova, Zuzana Visnovcova, Igor Ondrejka, Igor Hrtanek, Iveta Bujnakova, Veronika Kovacova, Andrea Macejova, Ingrid Tonhajzerova
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by immune dysregulation, and this study aimed to examine the pro- and anti-inflammatory activity/balance in these disorders during adolescence. The results showed that ASD adolescents had higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers and anti-inflammatory markers compared to controls, with males showing distinct immune dysregulation patterns. On the other hand, ADHD adolescents exhibited higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers and a higher pro-/anti-inflammatory ratio compared to controls, with females showing specific immune dysregulation patterns. These findings suggest that immune dysregulation differs between ASD and ADHD during adolescence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
