Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Paola Andrea Rivera
Summary: The clinical effectiveness of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) versus placebo was assessed in children with perennial allergic rhinitis. The results showed that FFNS produced a statistically significant reduction in reflective total nasal symptoms scores (rTNSS) compared to placebo in long-term treatment studies, but the reduction did not reach the minimal clinically important difference. Safety outcomes with FFNS were similar to placebo. Overall, FFNS does not produce a meaningful clinical effect on nasal symptoms in children with perennial allergic rhinitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino, Fabio Bioletto, Tommaso Frigerio, Valentina D'Angelo, Filippo Ceccato, Francesco Ferrau, Rosario Ferrigno, Marianna Minnetti, Carla Scaroni, Salvatore Cannavo, Rosario Pivonello, Andrea Isidori, Fabio Broglio, Roberta Giordano, Maurizio Spinello, Silvia Grottoli, Emanuela Arvat
Summary: A clinical model, the Cushing score, was developed and validated to estimate the pre-test probability of hypercortisolism in high-risk population, showing remarkable predictive power for discriminating between patients with and without Cushing's syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jody A. Rusch, Brian T. Layden, Lara R. Dugas
Summary: Cognitive function in humans relies on the complex interplay between multiple body systems, including the HPA axis. The gut microbiota, which outnumbers human cells and has a greater genetic potential, plays a crucial role through the MGB axis, a bidirectional communication pathway. Stress can affect the MGB axis through the HPA axis and other pathways, and animal research has contributed to a paradigm shift in understanding the influence of microbiota on human health and disease. Preclinical and human trials are currently investigating the applicability of these findings in humans.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irene Cimino, Hanna Kim, Y. C. Loraine Tung, Kent Pedersen, Debra Rimmington, John A. Tadross, Sara N. Kohnke, Ana Neves-Costa, Andre Barros, Stephanie Joaquim, Don Bennett, Audrey Melvin, Samuel M. Lockhart, Anthony J. Rostron, Jonathan Scott, Hui Liu, Keith Burling, Peter Barker, Menna R. Clatworthy, E-Chiang Lee, A. John Simpson, Giles S. H. Yeo, Luis F. Moita, Kendra K. Bence, Sebastian Beck Jorgensen, Anthony P. Coll, Danna M. Breen, Stephen O'Rahilly
Summary: GDF15 plays a crucial role in activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; It is essential for the protective HPA response to toxins that do not induce a substantial cytokine response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Torpong Thongngarm, Chamard Wongsa, Phichayut Phinyo, Paraya Assanasen, Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn, Mongkhon Sompornrattanaphan
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of as-needed and regular use of INCS in patients with moderate to severe perennial allergic rhinitis. The results showed that both as-needed and regular use had similar improvements in nasal symptoms and quality of life scores. As-needed use resulted in half of the cumulative INCS dose compared to regular use.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peter T. Daley-Yates, Amanda Deans, Rashmi Mehta, Ana R. Sousa
Summary: This study investigates the pharmacokinetics and effects of mometasone furoate (MF), fluticasone propionate (FP), and fluticasone furoate (FF) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The results show that MF and FP have similar bioavailability and reduction in serum cortisol levels. However, MF results in greater systemic exposure and stronger cortisol reduction compared to FP at therapeutic doses. FF and FP have similar systemic bioavailability, but a higher dose of FF is required to achieve comparable cortisol suppression as MF at therapeutic doses.
PULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stina Willemoes Borresen, Marianne Klose, Dorte Glintborg, Torquil Watt, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Summary: Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency, caused by suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, is an important condition to diagnose due to the risk of adrenal crisis and impact on patients' quality of life. Current testing methods are often based on clinical suspicion, leading to a significant number of unrecognized cases. During glucocorticoid treatment, around 50% of patients may have adrenal insufficiency, but less than 1% undergo adrenal testing. The majority of cases are identified during acute hospital admission, where the diagnosis can be easily missed due to nonspecific symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Juan Pablo Damian, Leticia de Soto, Delfa Espindola, Jorge Gil, Elize van Lier
Summary: The study found that intranasal administration of oxytocin increased the stress response to social isolation in ewes, possibly by strengthening the social bond among them. This was evidenced by higher cortisol concentration, tendency to vocalize more, and lower globulin concentrations in oxytocin-treated ewes.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sergi Olvera-Maneu, Anais Carbajal, Jaume Gardela, Manel Lopez-Bejar
Summary: Monitoring the endocrine status of horses through hair samples can provide valuable information on their welfare and reproductive health. This study found that cortisol, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels in horse hair were significantly influenced by season, with varying hormone ratios between seasons. Seasonality should be considered when analyzing sexual and stress hormones in stallion hair to avoid misinterpretations.
Article
Pediatrics
Cynthia R. Rovnaghi, Joseph Rigdon, Jean-Michel Roue, Monica O. Ruiz, Victor G. Carrion, Kanwaljeet J. S. Anand
Summary: This study aimed to identify children at risk for altered HPA-axis function due to early life stress by examining longitudinal trajectories of hair cortisol concentrations. The results revealed different classes of children with distinct HCC profiles, suggesting varying impacts of ELS on HPA-axis function.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacinda C. Li, Molly A. Hall, Idan Shalev, Hannah M. C. Schreier, Tomas Gonzalez Zarzar, Isabel Marcovici, Frank W. Putnam, Jennie G. Noll
Summary: This study suggests a mechanistic association between HPA axis attenuation and obesity, with the attenuated cortisol growth rate mediating the effects of childhood sexual abuse on accelerated BMI accumulation and elevated adulthood obesity rates.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Qian Liu, Jianhui Wu, Liang Zhang, Xiaofang Sun, Qing Guan, Zhuxi Yao
Summary: This study found that, for the same level of stress, the subjective perceived level of control in young adults can influence the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Maria Doulaptsi, Tine Wils, Peter W. Hellings, Katleen Martens, Ricard Farre, Maria Vicario, Wytske Fokkens, Emmanuel Prokopakis, Brecht Steelant
Summary: The study compared the effects of fluticasone furoate and mometasone furoate on epithelial barrier function, finding that both drugs similarly restored epithelial integrity by increasing expression of TJ proteins. Both drugs had beneficial effects on mucosal permeability, eosinophilic infiltration, and cytokine levels in a mouse model of allergic asthma.
WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Juan P. Sanabria-Mazo, Ariadna Colomer-Carbonell, Meritxell Carmona-Cervello, Albert Feliu-Soler, Xavier Borras, Mar Grasa, Montserrat Esteve, Michael Maes, Silvia Edo, Antoni Sanz, Juan V. Luciano
Summary: This systematic review identified preliminary evidence of increased levels of certain immune-inflammatory and HPA axis biomarkers in individuals with NSLBP, but also noted inconsistent results for some biomarkers. Additionally, insufficient evidence was found for IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP levels in NSLBP when compared exclusively with healthy controls. The dysregulated functioning of cortisol in NSLBP patients further adds complexity to the understanding of the immune-inflammatory and HPA axis biomarkers in this population.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Soo Hyun Kim, Gi Hoon Son, Joo Young Seok, Sung Kook Chun, Hwayoung Yun, Jaebong Jang, Young-Ger Suh, Kyungjin Kim, Jong-Wha Jung, Sooyoung Chung
Summary: This study developed a new class of small molecules that can inhibit cortisol production and suppress cholesterol synthesis through gene regulation. The findings provide a new pharmacological strategy for treating conditions such as Cushing's syndrome.