Journal
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
Volume 88, Issue 2, Pages 241-248Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2012.03.015
Keywords
Oral cancer; Early detection; One-to-one; Leaflet; Self-regulatory model; Social Cognitive Theory
Funding
- Cancer Research UK [C19770/A6289, A8554]
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Objective: Prognosis for oral cancer is substantially improved when diagnosed early. This research aimed to evaluate an intervention to promote early presentation of oral cancer. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to a leaflet group (n = 42), a one-to-one group (n = 46) or a control group (n = 24). Participants in the leaflet group read a theory-based (Extended Self-Regulatory Model; Social Cognitive Theory) leaflet on how to spot oral cancer early. Those in the one-to-one group received a brief, interactional discussion on early presentation of oral cancer and were then asked to read the leaflet. Participants in the control group received no information about oral cancer. Results: The leaflet and the one-to-one instruction led to more accurate knowledge of oral cancer, decreased anticipated delay, and increased understanding, likelihood and confidence to perform self-examination. Neither intervention raised participants' anxiety. There were minimal differences between the two interventions, yet both were superior to the control group. Conclusion: This piloting indicates the initial effectiveness of an brief intervention purposefully designed for people at risk of developing oral cancer. Practice implication: A low cost intervention may be a useful tool to encourage early detection of oral cancer. This could be embedded into routine consultations or an early detection programme. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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