Article
Cell Biology
Haitian Fu, Jiachen Lu, Xinxin Zhang, Bo Wang, Yifan Sun, Yao Lei, Feihu Shen, Kokouvi Kassegne, Eun-Taek Han, Yang Cheng
Summary: Plasmodium vivax-infected erythrocytes may evade splenic clearance by interacting with splenic fibroblasts (HSF) in the spleen, with PvSRA potentially changing HSF cell function to participate in immune evasion of P. vivax.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Pankaj Chandley, Ravikant Ranjan, Sudhir Kumar, Soma Rohatgi
Summary: Malaria is a global infectious disease with significant morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The outcomes of malaria are influenced by various environmental, host, and parasite factors. The immune response against Plasmodium is complex and differs between humans and mosquitoes. The Plasmodium parasite's ability to evade the host's immune response contributes to its virulence. Drug resistance poses a challenge, necessitating the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Akihito Sakoguchi, Hisashi Arase
Summary: Plasmodium falciparum infection causes severe malaria. Recent studies have shown that the P. falciparum-derived erythrocyte surface antigen RIFIN suppresses host immune cell activation by interacting with human inhibitory immune receptors. Specialized antibodies targeting host-P. falciparum-derived molecule interactions have led to the discovery of host immune response to P. falciparum.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Yonathan Arfi, Carole Lartigue, Pascal Sirand-Pugnet, Alain Blanchard
Summary: Mycoplasmas are small, genome-reduced bacteria with the ability to colonize a wide range of host species. They can exist as commensal microbiota or cause pathogenic inflammatory diseases. These bacteria have evolved strategies to evade the host's immune response, including the expression of immunoglobulin-binding proteins to prevent antibody-antigen interaction. Understanding these immune evasion mechanisms is crucial for studying mycoplasma diseases and improving vaccine efficacy.
Article
Immunology
Ran Wei, Xin Li, Xiaocen Wang, Nan Zhang, Yuru Wang, Xichen Zhang, Pengtao Gong, Jianhua Li
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) activate the TLR2-AKT signaling pathway to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, thereby escaping the host's immune response. Kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 (KMP-11) in EVs is related to the promotion of T.evansi infection via AKT pathway.
Review
Immunology
Galia Ramirez-Toloza, Lorena Aguilar-Guzman, Carolina Valck, Smrithi S. Menon, Viviana P. Ferreira, Arturo Ferreira
Summary: Chagas' disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a parasitic ailment primarily transmitted by triatomine insects, affecting over 6 million people in Latin America. This disease elicits complex immune responses in hosts, with some individuals developing a syndrome affecting various body systems. Understanding the parasite's evasion strategies and potential interventions, such as targeting calreticulin, could be crucial in inhibiting T. cruzi infectivity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guy Karlebach, Bruce Aronow, Stephen B. Baylin, Daniel Butler, Jonathan Foox, Shawn Levy, Cem Meydan, Christopher Mozsary, Amanda M. Saravia-Butler, Deanne M. Taylor, Eve Wurtele, Christopher E. Mason, Afshin Beheshti, Peter N. Robinson
Summary: Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, can manipulate cellular splicing processes to evade antiviral responses. In this study, the authors investigated the differential alternative splicing patterns in cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. They found that these splicing changes affect a diverse set of genes and biological functions, many of which are closely related to virus biology. The results also suggest that the isoform distribution of differentially spliced genes is correlated with viral load in clinical COVID-19 samples. Moreover, the differential splicing in betacoronaviruses infection affects a significant number of ribosomal genes and is associated with the absence of RNA-binding protein binding sites.
Article
Microbiology
Maude Dagenais, Jared Q. Gerlach, Timothy G. Geary, Thavy Long
Summary: S. mansoni EVs are coated with host glycoproteins, which may contribute to immune evasion and cell adhesion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerard Kian-Meng Goh, Vladimir N. Uversky
Summary: This article discusses the significant impact of intrinsic disorder in the outer shell of HIV on vaccine development and proposes a new model for vaccine design. Traditional viruses typically do not have high levels of intrinsic disorder in their outer shells, allowing for successful establishment of effective vaccines.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Gui Qian, Yihua Zhang, Yinan Liu, Manman Li, Bowen Xin, Wenyi Jiang, Wendong Han, Yu Wang, Xian Tang, Liuyan Li, Lingyan Zhu, Tao Sun, Bo Yan, Yongtang Zheng, Jianqing Xu, Baoxue Ge, Zheng Zhang, Dapeng Yan
Summary: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes Y-form cDNA of HIV-1 and initiates antiviral immune response, but the p6 protein of HIV-1 suppresses IFN-I expression and promotes immune evasion. Glutamylated p6 inhibits STING interaction with TRIM32 or AMFR, suppressing STING activation by inhibiting K27 and K63 polyubiquitination at K337. CoCl2, a CCP agonist, counteracts p6 glutamylation and inhibits HIV-1 immune evasion.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuli Zhang, Linlin Hou
Summary: Sox proteins, known as crucial transcription factors, are not limited to transcription initiation but also involved in regulating alternative splicing networks and translational control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jacob R. Hambrook, Patrick C. Hanington
Summary: Human schistosomes have evolved various immune evasion strategies, such as molecular mimicry of host antigens and the utilization of an immune resistant outer tegument, to survive in both snail and human hosts. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of novel therapeutics and treatment plans.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Fangazio, Erik Ladewig, Karen Gomez, Laura Garcia-Ibanez, Rahul Kumar, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, Davide Rossi, Ioan Filip, Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom, Giorgio Inghirami, Renzo Boldorini, German Ott, Annette M. Staiger, Bjorn Chapuy, Gianluca Gaidano, Govind Bhagat, Katia Basso, Raul Rabadan, Laura Pasqualucci, Riccardo Dalla-Favera
Summary: The loss of MHC-I in DLBCL is associated with somatic inactivation of HLA-I loci and has a significant impact on neoantigen and mutational burden. There is a multistep process of HLA-I loss in DLBCL development involving both germline and somatic events.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Xiaoyang Wang, Robert Lopez, Rebecca A. Luchtel, Sassan Hafizi, Benjamin Gartrell, Niraj Shenoy
Summary: This article reviews the advancements in targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment landscape of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) over the last decade, emphasizing the importance of understanding the mechanisms adopted by RCC cells to evade immune killing and exploring current clinical trials and future directions in the field.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hadas Ner-Gaon, Ronnie Peleg, Roi Gazit, Anat Reiner-Benaim, Tal Shay
Summary: Most human genes code for multiple transcripts, which can have different ratios in different cell types or states. These differential transcript use (DTUs) events provide an additional layer of regulation and protein diversity. By analyzing publicly available RNA sequencing datasets, we identified 282 DTU events in five human healthy immune cell types, with patterns mostly specific to cell types or lineages and correlated with the expression of potential regulators. Only sepsis affected gene splicing in a few genes and only in innate immune cells. This study maps the landscape of DTUs in human immune cells and provides insights into transcript use changes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rahaba Marima, Rodney Hull, Mandisa Mbeje, Thulo Molefi, Kgomotso Mathabe, Abdulrahman M. Elbagory, Demetra Demetriou, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Precision oncology in the African population faces challenges due to the lack of genetic reference information from the African genome. Non-coding RNAs play an important role in the molecular pathways of tumorigenesis. Sub-Saharan Africa has high incidence and mortality rates of endometrial and prostate cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Botle Precious Damane, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Sayed Shakeel Kader, Pragalathan Naidoo, Suzana D. D. Savkovic, Zodwa Dlamini, Zilungile Lynette Mkhize-Kwitshana
Summary: The progress in HIV treatment has resulted in longer life expectancy, but people living with HIV are more prone to developing colorectal cancers due to chronic inflammation. Infections, especially parasitic infections, increase the risk of cancer and contribute to chronic inflammation, thereby promoting oncogenesis.
Article
Oncology
Kartikey Kumar Gupta, Kamal Kant Sharma, Harish Chandra, Himalaya Panwar, Nitin Bhardwaj, Najla A. Altwaijry, Aisha A. Alsfouk, Zodwa Dlamini, Obaid Afzal, Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi, Shahanavaj Khan, Abhay Prakash Mishra
Summary: Xanthohumol has demonstrated significant binding affinity to multiple targets within breast cancer-related signaling pathways in in silico analysis, offering new research possibilities for breast cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Zodwa Dlamini, Richard Khanyile, Thulo Molefi, Botle Precious Damane, David Owen Bates, Rodney Hull
Summary: This review discusses how the processes of angiogenesis and neurogenesis are involved in cancer progression and are associated with poorer patient survival. These processes share signaling pathways and are often initiated together. Both processes require tissue changes and cell migration. They contribute to cancer progression by supplying nutrients and facilitating communication within the tumor. Additionally, they provide routes for cancer cells to migrate from the initial site to other areas of the body, leading to metastasis. The interplay between these processes in cancer development suggests the potential for targeted therapies.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mohammed Alaouna, Clement Penny, Rodney Hull, Thulo Molefi, Nkhensani Chauke-Malinga, Richard Khanyile, Malose Makgoka, Meshack Bida, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype that lacks certain receptors. Phytochemicals, such as curcumin, resveratrol, and EGCG, show promise in inhibiting TNBC pathways. However, their limited bioavailability and lack of clinical evidence pose challenges for their use as single therapies. More research is needed to understand the role of phytochemicals in TNBC therapy and develop effective delivery mechanisms. This review discusses the potential of phytochemicals as a treatment option for TNBC.
Review
Plant Sciences
Abdulrahman M. Elbagory, Rodney Hull, Mervin Meyer, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Plants have potential as a source of phytomedicines with chemopreventive properties against prostate cancer. However, their incorporation as anticancer agents has been hindered by poor bioavailability. The use of phytochemicals as nanoparticles can overcome this issue and improve biocompatibility. Furthermore, phytochemicals can serve as targeting agents for tumor sites.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo, Ifongo Bombil, Arian Mokhtari, Maeyane Stephens Moeng, Demetra Demetriou, Claire Sanders, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is a common and aggressive type of thyroid cancer that requires thorough histopathological analysis for accurate diagnosis and identification of aggressive markers. While small tumors can be treated with thyroid lobectomy, larger tumors and those with aggressive mutations require more comprehensive management strategies. The application of multi-omics approaches plays a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of FTC.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorraine Tshegofatso Maebele, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Madhavan Yasasve, Zodwa Dlamini, Botle Precious Damane
Summary: Cancer is a global health concern characterized by increasing incidence, morbidity, and mortality. The interaction between tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment is facilitated by immunomodulatory proteins. Alternative splicing, regulated by splicing factors, produces multiple immunomodulatory proteins with varying functions from a single mRNA transcript. Dysregulation of alternative splicing contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer progression by generating abnormal mRNA transcripts encoding isoforms with altered functions. This review highlights the significance of understanding immunomodulatory gene splicing dysregulation in cancer and suggests utilizing specific immunomodulatory splicing isoforms to enhance current immunotherapies or develop novel cancer treatments.
Review
Oncology
Thabiso Victor Miya, Rahaba Marima, Botle Precious Damane, Elisa Marie Ledet, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death in men worldwide. The human microbiome and its metabolites have been found to play a significant role in carcinogenesis and affect the efficacy of anticancer treatments. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a type of metabolite, have been shown to have a profound impact on the progression of prostate cancer.
Review
Oncology
Mosebo Armstrong Manabile, Rodney Hull, Richard Khanyile, Thulo Molefi, Botle Precious Damane, Nigel Patrick Mongan, David Owen Bates, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with increasing incidence in developing countries. Dysregulated alternative splicing processes in colorectal cancer can promote its development and progression by producing proteins that activate cancer-promoting genes or deactivate cancer-inhibiting genes. It is important to identify these dysregulated alternative splicing genes in order to develop targeted treatments and diagnostics to stop cancer development and progression.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Zodwa Dlamini, Thulo Molefi, Richard Khanyile, Mahlori Mkhabele, Botle Damane, Alexandre Kokoua, Meshack Bida, Kamal S. Saini, Nkhensani Chauke-Malinga, Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo, Rodney Hull
Summary: Breast cancer in South Africa is facing significant challenges in terms of disparities in screening, treatment, and survival along ethnic and socioeconomic lines. Ethnic disparities exacerbate the issue, leading to delayed diagnosis among Black patients and highlighting healthcare inequities. Tackling these disparities requires a multifaceted strategy, including robust screening efforts, expedited treatment initiation, and tailored interventions for HIV-related complexities.
ONCOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nida Khan, Mohd Afsahul Kalam, Mohd Tauseef Alam, Syed Anam Ul Haq, Wasia Showket, Zahoor A. Dar, Nida Rafiq, Waseem Mushtaq, Towseef Amin Rafeeqi, Mohammad Yunis Dar, Seema Akbar, Tariq Ahmad Butt, Riehana Gani, Uzma Majeed, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Hassan Ahmed Rudayni, Mohammed Al-Zharani, Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh, Ammena Yahia Binsaleh, Azza A. K. El-Sheikh, Zodwa Dlamini, Shabir Hussain Wani, Shahanavaj Khan, Khalid Z. Masoodi
Summary: Cancer, especially adenocarcinoma of prostate, is a major challenge globally. Medicinal plants, such as Matricaria chamomilla, are commonly used for cancer treatment. This study evaluated the pharmacognostic parameters of M. chamomilla and analyzed its antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The results showed that M. chamomilla extracts met the drug standardization parameters and exhibited good antioxidant and anticancer activities. The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest anticancer activity, followed by aqueous, hydroalcoholic, petroleum benzene, and methanol extracts. The wound healing assay also demonstrated the significant effect of the ethyl acetate extract on prostate cancer cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Botle Precious Damane, Rahaba Marima, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Several studies have shown a higher incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young black men, with most of them already having metastatic CRC. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in CRC metastasis and drug resistance by continuously dividing into different phenotypes. Changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) further contribute to cancer development, relapse, and therapeutic resistance. Targeting different CSC phenotypes may help in combating CRC.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandisa Mbeje, Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu, Clement Penny, Mmamoletla Kgoebane-Maseko, Zodwa Dlamini, Rahaba Marima
Summary: This study aimed to compare the aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Using a panel of PCa lncRNA genes and bioinformatics analysis, it was found that certain lncRNAs are involved in oncogenic pathways and interact with miRNAs, promoting the progression of prostate cancer. Understanding the interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs may help in the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Zodwa Dlamini, Clement Penny, Rodney Hull, Mohammed Alouna
