Article
Parasitology
Zahra Rezaei, Bahman Pourabbas, Sadaf Asaei, Shima Sepehrpour, Sara Ahmadnia Motlagh, Parham Pourabbas, Samaneh Abdolahi Khasibi, Abdolvahab Alborzi
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Leishmania infection among livestock in endemic areas of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Fars province, southern Iran. The results showed a relatively high prevalence of Leishmania infection among livestock, indicating the potential role of livestock in the parasite's lifecycle and the epidemiology of Leishmania infection.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Louise Bach Kmetiuk, Thais Cristina Tirado, Leandro Meneguelli Biondo, Alexander Welker Biondo, Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
Summary: Leishmaniasis has a significant impact on indigenous communities in periurban and rural areas. The lack of surveillance and insufficient health services contribute to the underestimation of the disease's prevalence in these communities.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiruni Wijesooriya, Nilakshi Samaranayake, Nadira Karunaweera
Summary: This study investigates the response of key innate immune cells in patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and suggests that the clinical phenotype of LCL is the result of a balanced immune response between pro-inflammatory and regulatory mediators.
Article
Microbiology
Franziska Weinreich, Felix Weinreich, Andreas Hahn, Ralf Matthias Hagen, Holger Rohde, Fred Stephen Sarfo, Torsten Feldt, Albert Dompreh, Shadrack Osei Asibey, Richard Boateng, Hagen Frickmann, Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of Schistosoma and Leishmania infections in immunocompromised individuals in Ghana. The results showed that the occurrence of Schistosoma infections in these patients was influenced by factors other than HIV status, such as age and gender. Additionally, weak associations were observed between schistosomiasis and factors related to HIV infection, but further prospective research is needed to confirm these associations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Crhisllane Rafaele dos Santos Vasconcelos, Antonio Mauro Rezende
Summary: Leishmaniasis, a neglected infectious disease, was studied using computational methods to evaluate potential drug targets in the predicted proteomes of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum, revealing several untested proteins with potential therapeutic value.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sarah Kymberly Santos de Lima, Jessica Adriana Jesus, Cristiano Raminelli, Marcia Dalastra Laurenti, Luiz Felipe Domingues Passero
Summary: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the leishmanicidal activity of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that 8-HQ eliminated promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of all species studied, and it was more selective than miltefosine. Treatment with 8-HQ significantly reduced tissue parasite numbers in infected animals and led to a reduction in inflammatory reaction in the skin. Therefore, 8-HQ is a promising alternative for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
Article
Parasitology
Sonia Carmen Lopo Costa, Jessica de Souza Freitas, Fabio Santos Carvalho, Maria Julia Salim Pereira, Matheus Dias Cordeiro, Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca, Marcia Mariza Gomes Jusi, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Alexandre Dias Munhoz
Summary: The study revealed the presence of various potential zoonotic pathogens in equids, with relatively high detection rates of Borrelia spp., Leishmania spp., and Rickettsia spp. Factors such as male sex, donkeys, and mules were associated with infection, while younger age was identified as a risk factor. This highlights the importance of equids as sentinels for assessing zoonotic pathogens in the region.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Diksha Kumari, Kuljit Singh
Summary: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by different species of Leishmania parasite, still poses a global concern. This review focuses on the immunological perspectives of the disease, discussing the role of host immune cells in countering parasite infection and highlighting recent discoveries in leishmanicidal molecules/compounds. The knowledge gained from this review can contribute to the identification of biomarkers, novel therapeutics, and vaccine candidates against leishmaniasis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nnamdi M. Ikeogu, Chidalu A. Edechi, Gloria N. Akaluka, Aida Feiz-Barazandeh, Romaniya R. Zayats, Enitan S. Salako, Somtochukwu S. Onwah, Chukuwunonso Onyilagha, Ping Jia, Zhirong Mou, Lianyu Shan, Thomas T. Murooka, Abdelilah S. Gounni, Jude E. Uzonna
Summary: This study reveals that Sema3E negatively regulates CD4(+) Th1 immunity in mice infected with L. major, with neutralization potentially being a therapeutic option for individuals suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camila Alves Mota, Daniele Stefanie Sara Lopes Lera-Nonose, Aline Avila Brustolin, Giovanna Chiqueto Duarte, Maria Carolina Mota dos Santos, Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni, Thais Gomes Verzignassi Silveira
Summary: This study investigated the expression pattern of HIF-1α gene during Leishmania infection in hamsters. The results showed that HIF-1α mRNA was down-regulated during chronic infection, but the inhibition was less pronounced in hamsters infected with L. lainsoni and L. naiffi. The expression of arginase gene was increased in animals infected with L. braziliensis, while IFN-γ and IL-10 gene expression were increased in animals infected with L. lainsoni and L. naiffi. Animals infected with L. lainsoni and L. naiffi showed better control of the disease.
Article
Parasitology
Camila Freire Araujo, Iara Barreto Neves Oliveira, Muriel Vilela Teodoro Silva, Ledice Inacia de Araujo Pereira, Sebastiao Alves Pinto, Murilo Barros Silveira, Miriam Leandro Dorta, Simone Gonsalves Fonseca, Rodrigo Saar Gomes, Fatima Ribeiro-Dias
Summary: Coinfection with HIV and Leishmania can impair immune responses and increase treatment failure and relapse rates. This study in Brazil found that patients with HIV/ATL mainly presented cutaneous diseases and had an overall relapse rate of 28.57%, while HIV/VL patients accounted for 17.5% of the cases. Activation markers in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were found to be high in patients with HIV/ATL or HIV/VL.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maria Fernanda Alves-Martin, Thaina Valente Bertozzo, Isabella Neves Aires, Suzane Manzini, Mirian dos Santos Paixao-Marques, Livia Maisa Guiraldi, Wesley Jose dos Santos, Gabriela Pacheco Sanchez, Vera Claudia Lorenzetti Magalhaes Curci, Virginia Bodelao Richini-Pereira, Simone Baldini Lucheis
Summary: In this study, conjunctival swabs were used for molecular analysis to detect Leishmania infection in cats. PCR was used as a screening technique, followed by confirmation through HRM and genetic sequencing. Conjunctival swabs proved to be a non-invasive, practical, and easy-to-perform technique for diagnosing Feline leishmaniasis.
Article
Immunology
Magda Melissa Florez, Rocio Rodriguez, Jose Antonio Cabrera, Sara M. Robledo, Gabriela Delgado
Summary: Reverse vaccinology strategies provide tools to rationally select potential candidates on a large scale before in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
This study identified natural Leishmania epitopes in humans, and found that STI41 and STI46 peptides may induce a cellular immune response directed at controlling the parasite's replication.
Results showed that STI41 and STI46 peptides induced a similar behavior to L. panamensis lysate antigens in lymphocytes and moDCs of resistant volunteers.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Carolina Ferreira, Jerome Estaquier, Ricardo Silvestre
Summary: Leishmania manipulates host metabolic pathways to evade the immune response, facilitating long-term survival and altering the metabolism of infected macrophages, which is linked to infection resistance. Studying the interactions between metabolism and innate immune cell function holds promise for therapeutic or prophylactic interventions.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Andrea Magalhaes, Lucas P. Carvalho, Rubia Costa, Monica S. Pita, Thiago Marconi Cardoso, Paulo R. L. Machado, Edgar M. Carvalho, Sergio Arruda, Augusto M. Carvalho
Summary: This study showed that high levels of anti-Leishmania IgG and IgG2 are characteristic of disseminated leishmaniasis (DL), with IgG correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and IgG2 directly correlated with the number of lesions in DL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)