Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tetsuto Miyashita, Robert W. Gess, Kristen Tietjen, Michael Coates
Summary: The study found larval forms of four stem lampreys from the Palaeozoic era that lack the defining traits of modern lamprey ammocoetes, instead exhibiting features similar to adult lampreys. This suggests that ammocoetes may be a specialization of modern lamprey life history rather than relics of vertebrate ancestry. Phylogenetic analyses also indicate that the last common ancestor of hagfishes and lampreys was a predator without a filter-feeding larval phase, implying that `ostracoderms' might better represent the ancestor of all living vertebrates.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tom C. L. Bridge, Andrew H. Baird, John M. Pandolfi, Michael J. McWilliam, Mikolaj K. Zapalski
Summary: This study examines the changes in functional diversity of tabulate coral assemblages over a 35 million year period and the impact of the late Devonian extinction event. The collapse of the huge Devonian reef systems resulted in the extinction of photosymbiotic tabulate coral taxa and had long-lasting consequences for reef building and shallow marine ecosystems in the Palaeozoic.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Jack Stack, John-Paul Hodnett, Spencer G. Lucas, Lauren Sallan
Summary: The Carboniferous period saw the appearance of novel but now common ecomorphologies in various lineages of fishes, suggesting a convergence in adaptations to changing marine and freshwater ecosystems and environments. This convergence on bottom-feeding lifestyles may have been a result of the plasticity of early actinopterygians and chondrichthyans in response to environmental shifts during the Carboniferous.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joshua Murray, Oliver Jagoutz
Summary: This study provides a framework for understanding the tectonic forces behind Palaeozoic glaciations by analyzing the impact of rock weathering in ophiolites on organic carbon burial. The results indicate that high-surface-area clays formed during weathering play a significant role in Earth's long-term carbon cycle.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christopher R. Fielding
Summary: Cyclothems are distinctive repetitive stratal rhythms characteristic of the late Palaeozoic in the palaeotropical realm of Laurussia, recording repeated alternation of marine and nonmarine depositional conditions. They comprise arrays of terrigenous clastic, organic, and chemical/biochemical lithologies and are influenced by seasonal tropical climates and large-magnitude sea level fluctuations. Analysis of cyclothemic successions can contribute to a fuller understanding of sea-level excursions and palaeoclimatic changes during the late Palaeozoic.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thomas M. Gernon, Thea K. Hincks, Andrew S. Merdith, Eelco J. Rohling, Martin R. Palmer, Gavin L. Foster, Clement P. Bataille, R. Dietmar Mueller
Summary: The length of continental volcanic arcs has the strongest control on global chemical weathering fluxes; the stabilization of Earth's surface temperature is due to the rapid drawdown of carbon dioxide tied to arc weathering; processes such as continental arc tectonics, volcanic outgassing and silicate-rock weathering are closely interrelated and also affect the global climate.
Article
Geology
Stephen Kershaw, Axel Munnecke, Emilia Jarochowska, Graham Young
Summary: Throughout their geological history, Palaeozoic stromatoporoids undergo three diagenetic stages, involving different mineralization and mineralogical characteristics, including details about recrystallization of stromatoporoid skeletons and diagenetic processes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Przemyslaw Michal Wilczynski, Jerzy Cieslik, Andrzej Domonik, Pawel Lukaszewski
Summary: This article presents the results of creep studies on Palaeozoic shales from the Baltic Basin, with a focus on the exploitation of shale gas in Poland. The study investigates the instantaneous and long-term properties of the shales under triaxial stress conditions, which is important for hydraulic fracturing techniques. The article also discusses the rheological phenomena and their role in analyzing the initial stress in shales. The studies aim to determine the character of creep in shales, select the appropriate rheological model, and establish the threshold of linear creep under triaxial compression conditions. The article's originality lies in the presented approach and the test results, which provide valuable insights into the behavior of shales during creep.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Geology
Christoph Kettler, Ricarda Wohlschlagl, Catherine Russell, Lars Scharfenberg, Jean-Francois Ghienne, Daniel Paul Le Heron
Summary: Using satellite maps, this study reveals the presence of glacial deposits in Northern Chad, covering an area of 20,000 km2, which is much larger than previously estimated. The glacial deposits exhibit complex glacial morphological features including glacial lineations and fluvial channels, indicating multiple ice advance-retreat cycles. These findings provide valuable insights into the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age in Chad.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
M. Gabriela Mangano, Luis A. Buatois, Beatriz G. Waisfeld, Diego F. Munoz, N. Emilio Vaccari, Ricardo A. Astini
Summary: The study challenges the assumption that trilobites were exclusively fully marine, presenting evidence of their presence in brackish-water settings. Trilobites with tolerance to salinity stress were able to exploit ecological advantages in marginal-marine environments, migrating into tide-dominated estuaries. This exploration into brackish waters reveals independent instances of salinity tolerance among different trilobite groups.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariusz A. Salamon, Tomasz Brachaniec, Dorota Kolbuk, Anwesha Saha, Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Summary: The study reveals contrasting and complex patterns in body size evolution of crinoids during the Palaeozoic, with two major drops in mean body size observed around mass extinction events, similar to current patterns of shrinking body size due to climate change. Abiotic factors, such as dramatic climate change associated with extinctions, play a significant role in crinoid body size evolution, while biotic drivers also contribute to the patterns observed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mufutau Opeyemi Bello, Kean Siang Ch'ng
Summary: This study investigates the convergence of energy intensity of GDP among the 15-member countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The results show that the energy intensity of GDP converges for the majority of West African countries. Therefore, regionally coordinated energy policies will improve energy efficiency and promote sustainable energy consumption.
Article
Geography, Physical
Mikolaj K. Zapalski, Hiroki Kise, Marek Dohnalik, Ryuta Yoshida, Takato Izumi, James D. Reimer
Summary: Coral-crinoid associations, commonly seen in the Paleozoic era, have been observed in modern seas, suggesting the possibility of similar ecological interactions and niches.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yushan Li, Haitao Wang, Haijun Wu, Jun Peng, Wen Shi, Umut Aydemir, Xiangdong Ding
Summary: Highly efficient and eco-friendly thermoelectric generators require low-cost and nontoxic semiconductors with high symmetry and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity kappa L. The study reports the rational synthesis of novel cubic (Ag, Se)-doped Cu2GeTe3 semiconductors. A localized symmetry breakdown (LSB) was discovered in the composition of Cu1.9Ag0.1GeTe1.5Se1.5, leading to an ultralow kappa L value of 0.37 W/mK.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Andrej Ernst
Summary: Thin sections of three Palaeozoic bryozoans show fossilized soft tissues and the location of organic cuticle and internal structures, such as membranous sac and gut. The fossilization most likely occurred due to rapid burial in oxygen-lacking conditions. The position of a membranous sac in the Permian trepostome Rhombotrypella superangustata suggests a progressive polypide cycle. The location of the polypide in the Ordovician Graptodictya delicata behind the superior and interior hemisepta indicates a protective function of the hemisepta.
PAPERS IN PALAEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Emily S. Hughes, James C. Lamsdell
Summary: Eurypterids are believed to have evolved sweep-feeding adaptations which allowed them to capture smaller prey species. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Mycteropoids were specialized sweep-feeders, while Stylonurines were likely suited for capturing small benthic macroinvertebrates. Prey size did not play a significant role in species survivorship during the Late Devonian mass extinction.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James C. Lamsdell
Summary: This study reveals the correlation between morphological changes in species and environmental gradients, primarily caused by heterochronic processes. A new metric called heterochronic weighting is introduced to quantify these changes, showing concerted independent heterochronic trends in xiphosuran chelicerates. The distribution of heterochronic weightings among species suggests influences from historical, phylogenetic processes, and external ecological pressures.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Amanda R. Falk, James C. Lamsdell, Enpu Gong
Summary: Principal component analysis has been used to test for similarities in ecology and life habits between modern and fossil birds; however, the two main portions of the hind limb, the foot and the long bone elements, have not been examined separately. This study reveals extreme phylogenetic clumping in hind limb morphologies and species' ecologies, with some morphologies strongly correlated with particular ecologies. The study suggests that the length of the hallux is the most defining characteristic of the entire hind limb and that the foot and hind limb undergo morphological changes separately from each other.
Article
Paleontology
James C. Lamsdell, Giorgio Teruzzi, Giovanni Pasini, Alessandro Garassino
Summary: Fossiliferous beds in Osteno, Italy, from the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) Moltrasio Limestone contain a diverse marine fauna, including a newly discovered horseshoe crab called Ostenolimulus latus. This finding suggests that stem limulids were diverse and widespread during the Jurassic, while crown group limulids were beginning to diversify and radiate. The external morphology and internal structures of Ostenolimulus latus provide insight into the evolutionary history of horseshoe crabs.
NEUES JAHRBUCH FUR GEOLOGIE UND PALAONTOLOGIE-ABHANDLUNGEN
(2021)
Article
Paleontology
Evan P. Anderson, James D. Schiffbauer, Sarah M. Jacquet, James C. Lamsdell, Joanne Kluessendorf, Donald G. Mikulic
Summary: Parioscorpio venator, a relatively rare arthropod from the Waukesha lagerstatte, is redescribed with unique characteristics that challenge classification. Phylogenetic analysis places it as an early branch of Mandibulata and Chelicerata, but exact placement remains uncertain. The study highlights the importance of small lagerstatten in the Middle Palaeozoic and the need for caution when interpreting their enigmatic constituents.
Article
Paleontology
James C. Lamsdell
Summary: This passage primarily discusses the issues of naming and classification of ancient fossil horseshoe crabs, particularly the history of usage and authority status of the species name Belinurus lunatus.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
James D. Beech, James C. Lamsdell
Summary: This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships within the trilobite order Harpetida through morphology, revealing that mass extinction events may have lasting impacts on morphological innovation, leading to a loss of recovery ability within Harpetida in evolution.
PAPERS IN PALAEONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Geography, Physical
James C. Lamsdell
Summary: Over the past century, palaeobiological studies have focused on understanding how evolutionary lineages occupy or are excluded from new regions of morphological, ecological, and geographic space. It is increasingly recognized that a hierarchical approach incorporating genealogical processes and external ecological factors is necessary to understand the mechanisms driving phenotypic change. The unresolved question remains whether the evolution of novel morphologies facilitates expansion to new environments (a developmental push mechanism) or whether ecological shifts lead to subsequent morphological change (an ecological pull mechanism).
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James C. Lamsdell
Summary: The increase in pterygotid species diversity appears to be associated with the development of large chelicerae, but further research is needed to determine the exact causes of this phenomenon.
BULLETIN OF THE PEABODY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Zhiheng Ma, Paul A. Selden, James C. Lamsdell, Tingshan Zhang, Jingwen Chen, Xi Zhang
Summary: This study describes two new eurypterids, Erettopterus qujingensis n. sp. and Slimonia sp., from the upper Silurian Yulongsi Formation in Yunnan Province, China. The discovery of these species extends the geographic range of the genera Erettopterus and Slimonia from Euramerica to southwest China and provides insights into the similarities in ecosystem structures during the Silurian period.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
James C. Lamsdell, Phillip A. Isotalo, David M. Rudkin, Markus J. Martin
Summary: A new species of horseshoe crab has been discovered in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, providing valuable information about the development and morphology of early horseshoe crabs. The study suggests that some ancient forms had freely movable tergites in their anterior section and an opisthosoma consisting of 13 segments.
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Roy E. Plotnick, James C. Lamsdell
Summary: This article describes the discovery of a new species of hibbertopterid and an unidentified stylonurine eurypterid from the Early Mississippian. These findings represent the first documented eurypterids from the Mississippian in North America and the fourth locality worldwide of this age to yield eurypterids.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Jiashu Wang, Lu Liu, Jinzhuang Xue, James C. Lamsdell, Paul A. Selden
Summary: A new eurypterid, Malongia mirabilis nov. gen., nov. sp., is described from the Lower Devonian Xiaxishancun Formation of Qujing, Yunnan, southwestern China. It represents the only record of the Dolichopteridae family in South China.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhiheng Ma, Tingshan Zhang, James C. Lamsdell, Jingwen Chen, Paul A. Selden, Liurunxuan Chen
Summary: This study describes the discovery of two new eurypterids, expanding the known distribution of Pterygotus and Parahughmilleria across different regions. The findings also provide insights into the ecosystem structures during the Early Devonian period and support the hypothesis of a crisis among eurypterids during the Silurian-Devonian boundary interval.
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Derek E. G. Briggs, David J. Siveter, Derek J. Siveter, Mark D. Sutton, David Legg, James C. Lamsdell
Summary: A new arthropod, Carimersa neptuni gen. et sp. nov., with unique appendages, is described from the Silurian Herefordshire Konservat-Lagerstatte, UK. It is closely related to Kodymirus and Eozetetes + Aglaspidida. This discovery provides the first evidence of Vicissicaudata in the Herefordshire Lagerstatte and the first well-preserved Silurian example of appendages. Additionally, the preserved radiolarian cluster on its trunk appendages reveals a direct predator-prey association, suggesting a nektobenthic lifestyle for Carimersa.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
