Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Clayton Culp, Hee Kee Kim, Salahadin Abdi
Summary: Ketamine has shown promising effectiveness in treating chronic pain, especially cancer-related neuropathic pain. It has the potential to reduce opioid use and exhibits improved safety profiles at sub-anesthetic concentrations.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samantha Cotter, Jennie Wong, Neha Gada, Rajdeep Gill, S. Christopher Jones, Grace Chai, Daniel Foster, Mark Avigan, Mallika Mundkur
Summary: The study found an association between repeated or continuous administration of ketamine and hepatobiliary adverse events, especially in the context of growing ketamine sales. Increased awareness among clinicians may mitigate these adverse outcomes.
Article
Anesthesiology
Alexandrine Corriger, Marion Voute, Okapi Consortium, Celine Lambert, Bruno Pereira, Gisele Pickering
Summary: Ketamine has a significant long-term effect on pain and health variables in patients with refractory chronic pain. Pain intensity decreased significantly, and distinct pain trajectories were identified. The severity of pain is associated with psychological health and quality of life.
Review
Pediatrics
Alessandra Bosch, Manuela Albisetti
Summary: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is becoming increasingly significant in pediatric patients. Current standardized anticoagulants have not been comprehensively tested in pediatric patients. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have shown to be safe and effective in the treatment and secondary prevention of pediatric VTE. This review focuses on adverse events (AEs) of specific DOACs reported in clinical trials in children and compares them to standard care, aiding clinicians in selecting the right anticoagulation for pediatric patients.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jose C. Flores-Gonzalez, Alfonso M. Lechuga-Sancho, Monica Saldana Valderas, Gema Jimenez Gomez, Maria D. Cruzado Garcia, Cristina Perez Aragon, Jose A. Blanca Garcia
Summary: The study aimed to assess the occurrence of respiratory adverse events during upper digestive endoscopies in children under ketamine sedation without oxygen supplementation. Results showed that 60% of patients experienced desaturation episodes, with most occurring during endoscope introduction. Furthermore, 70.5% of patients required oxygen therapy once it was initiated.
MINERVA PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christopher M. Worsham, Jaemin Woo, Anupam B. Jena, Michael L. Barnett
Summary: Understanding the risks associated with opioid prescription in adolescents is crucial for informing opioid policy. Using a regression discontinuity design, a study found that adolescents just over age eighteen were more likely to be prescribed opioids and have adverse opioid-related events compared to those just under age eighteen. The results suggest that differences in care provided in pediatric versus adult care settings may play an important role in understanding prescribers' roles in the opioid epidemic.
Review
Oncology
Carly C. Barron, Isabella Stefanova, Yevin Cha, Karam Elsolh, Arman Zereshkian, Nessma Gaafour, Elaine McWhirter
Summary: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are toxicities resulting from use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These side effects persist in some patients despite withholding therapy and using immunosuppressive and immune-modulating agents. Little is known about chronic irAEs and they are felt to be rare.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Josep Roman-Juan, Ester Sole, Elisabet Sanchez-Rodriguez, Elena Castarlenas, Mark P. Jensen, Jordi Miro
Summary: The pediatric version of the GCPS-R is a valid tool for assessing chronic pain in children and adolescents. The study found that participants with bothersome chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain reported worse physical health, more anxiety and depressive symptoms, pain catastrophizing, and activity limitations compared to those with mild chronic pain.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fabrizio Benedetti, Martina Amanzio, Fabio Giovannelli, Karen Craigs-Brackhahn, Aziz Shaibani
Summary: This study revealed that participants who read a list of possible adverse events before receiving a placebo treatment reported more adverse events compared to those who did not read the list. Moreover, increased activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and higher state anxiety scores were observed in those who reported multiple adverse events, indicating a potential neuroendocrine mechanism following placebo administration.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Dougan, Adrienne M. Luoma, Stephanie K. Dougan, Kai W. Wucherpfennig
Summary: Immunotherapies have had a significant impact on cancer treatment over the past decade, but inflammatory toxicities remain a major concern for certain therapies. Understanding the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways is crucial for limiting inflammatory toxicities while preserving anti-tumor efficacy.
Article
Anesthesiology
Jaimie K. Beveridge, Keith O. Yeates, Sheri Madigan, Amanda L. Stone, Anna C. Wilson, Janice E. Sumpton, Sabrina Salberg, Richelle Mychasiuk, Melanie Noel
Summary: This longitudinal study aimed to examine the associations among parent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), parent health, and child pain in a clinical sample of youth with chronic pain. The results indicated that parent ACEs significantly predicted parent chronic pain status and depressive symptoms, but were not significantly related to youth pain.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Peta Stapleton, Yage Kang, Robert Schwarz, John Freedom
Summary: This study examined the relationship between chronic pain, adverse childhood experiences, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. The results showed that adverse childhood experiences were not significantly associated with pain intensity and interference. However, socioeconomic status was related to pain intensity and interference.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa, Andrew A. Somogyi, Colleen K. Loo, Paul Glue, Daniel T. Barratt, David J. R. Foster
Summary: This study aimed to develop population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models to describe the effects of ketamine on MADRS scores, blood pressure, and heart rate in patients with treatment-refractory depression using different administration routes. The results showed that ketamine and norketamine PK were best described by two-compartment models, and allometric scaling of body weight improved the model fit. The concentration-response relationship for MADRS scores was best described using a turnover model, while for blood pressure and heart rate it was an immediate effect model.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manuel Ramos-Casals, Alejandra Flores-Chavez, Pilar Brito-Zeron, Olivier Lambotte, Xavier Mariette
Summary: Immunotherapies are effective treatments for inflammatory diseases, but their use has been linked to the development of autoimmune disorders. The use of immunotherapies in solid cancer patients has dramatically changed the scenario, causing collateral side effects on the immune system. The broad pharmacological and phenotypic scenario of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with kinase inhibitors needs more research from a multidisciplinary perspective.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Justinn M. Tanem, John P. Scott, George M. Hoffman, Robert A. Niebler, Aoy Tomita-Mitchell, Karl D. Stamm, Huan-Ling Liang, Paula E. North, Rebecca A. Bertrandt, Ronald K. Woods, Viktor Hraska, Michael E. Mitchell
Summary: This study investigates the kinetics of nuclear cell-free DNA (ncfDNA) in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The results show that elevated preoperative ncfDNA levels are strongly associated with postoperative cardiac arrest and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Further research is needed to validate this technology as a predictive tool for morbidity in children after cardiac surgical procedures.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)