Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ageliki A. Karatza, Despoina Gkentzi, Anastasia Varvarigou
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) represents a severe sequela in neonates born very prematurely. Proper nutritional support is challenging in this high-risk population. The development of the lungs and physical growth are closely linked in infants with BPD. Adequate nutrition should promote growth and lung alveolarization. Meticulous follow-up is essential to prevent growth retardation and improve lung function.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yueqin Ding, Zhifeng Chen, Yanling Lu
Summary: Vitamin A supplementation is beneficial for the prophylaxis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants, but no significant differences were found in the incidence of other complications such as retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, and mortality. Further studies on administration approaches and dosages are warranted.
Article
Pediatrics
Zoe Freislich, Benjamin Stoecklin, Naomi Hemy, J. Jane Pillow, Graham L. L. Hall, Andrew C. C. Wilson, Shannon J. J. Simpson
Summary: Preterm infants continue to have attenuated ventilatory response to hypoxia at 12-15 months corrected postnatal age, especially in males. Predictive factors affect the magnitude of the blunted ventilatory response.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Kai Foerster, Hanna Marchi, Sophia Stoecklen, Olaf Dietrich, Harald Ehrhardt, Mark O. Welipultz, Andreas W. Flemmer, Benjamin Schubert, A. Marcus Mall, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Anne Hillgendroff
Summary: This study developed a novel scoring system using MRI to assess lung structural changes in neonatal chronic lung disease. It showed high reproducibility and disease specificity, and has the potential to be used as a quantifiable endpoint in clinical trials and disease monitoring.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Maissa Rayyan, Taher Omari, Veerle Cossey, Karel Allegaert, Nathalie Rommel
Summary: The study characterized esophageal motility and EGJ function in NICU patients using HRIM. Most infants showed normal esophageal motility and EGJ function, except those with esophageal atresia. Nutritive swallows transport mechanisms and EGJ function as an anti-reflux barrier appeared well-developed in all investigated NICU groups.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Allan C. Jenkinson, Ourania Kaltsogianni, Theodore Dassios, Anne Greenough
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the usage of postnatal corticosteroids in neonatal units in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The results showed that almost half of the units prescribed postnatal corticosteroids, and the practice was observed in all levels of neonatal care. However, most of the prescribing practices were not evidence-based.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Uberos-Fernandez, Aida Ruiz-Lopez, Marta Carrasco-Solis, Elizabeth Fernandez-Marin, Aida Garcia-Cuesta, Ana Campos-Martinez
Summary: Premature birth, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and restrictive nutrition in the first weeks of postnatal life can have long-term effects on lung development and function. This study followed 313 very low birth weight neonates and found that inadequate protein/energy intake in the first week of life and poor weight gain until 36 weeks of gestational age were associated with worsened lung function parameters. These findings highlight the importance of early nutrition and growth in the prevention of respiratory issues in preterm infants.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Xiaoling Wang, Yan Ma, Shenghui Wang, Wenbin Dong, Xiaoping Lei
Summary: This study investigated the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and platelet parameters in very premature infants. The results showed that abnormal platelet parameters were observed in BPD infants, and a platelet count ≤ 177*10(9)/L was a potential risk factor for the development of BPD in very premature infants.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Yi Zheng, Qi Wu, Shuping Han
Summary: This meta-analysis found that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) can significantly reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. However, it may increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). There were no significant differences in the incidence of in-hospital mortality and adverse events between the overall iNO group and control.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sophie Laborie, Maxime Bonjour, Justine Bacchetta, Mathilde Mauras, Marine Butin
Summary: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in preterm infants is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but increased supplementation does not have a beneficial effect. This study shows that 25(OH)D levels >= 120 nmol/L are not significantly associated with BPD or death.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Joseph Mariduena, Maya Ramagopal, Mark Hiatt, Shakuntala Chandra, Robert Laumbach, Thomas Hegyi
Summary: This study examined the relationship between VEGF levels in tracheal and gastric samples of premature infants and the development of BPD, finding that BPD infants had lower levels of T-VEGF on day 3, likely due to decreased expression in the lungs of less mature infants, and that lower VEGF levels were associated with lower respiratory support indices.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Dong, Stefano Rivetti, Arun Lingampally, Sabine Tacke, Baktybek Kojonazarov, Saverio Bellusci, Harald Ehrhardt
Summary: Intra-amniotic infection (IAI) is a major cause of preterm birth and can have both positive and negative effects on premature lung development. Animal models are essential for studying the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), as the intra-amniotic cavity is inaccessible during pregnancies. Imbalanced inflammation, regulated by lung immune cells such as macrophages, may lead to abnormal lung development, while excessive suppression of inflammation can also cause lung injury. Effective strategies for preventing and treating BPD are currently scarce.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ga Won Jeon, Jang Hoon Lee, Minkyung Oh, Yun Sil Chang
Summary: Since the launch of the KNN in 2013, the survival rates of infants with a GA of 26 weeks and short-term outcomes have improved, indicating an enhancement in antenatal and delivery room care quality.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jonathan Wen Yi Ong, Lucy Everitt, Jodie Hiscutt, Catherine Griffiths, Alison McEvoy, Kevin Colin William Goss, Mark John Johnson, Hazel J. Evans
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the background characteristics, comorbidities, characteristics at the initiation of ventilation, and outcomes of ex-preterm infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia established on long-term ventilation. The results showed that noninvasive ventilation is a feasible option, while tracheostomy invasive ventilation requires longer hospital stays.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masato Ito, Shin Kato, Makoto Saito, Naoyuki Miyahara, Hirokazu Arai, Fumihiko Namba, Erika Ota, Hidehiko Nakanishi
Summary: This scoping review aimed to screen available evidence regarding perinatal risk factors associated with the development and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The results identified several risk factors for BPD, including male sex, maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, low gestational age, small-for-gestational-age birth weight, and mechanical ventilation. Rating: 8 out of 10.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Antoinette Depoorter, Katharina Herrmann, Julia Fruh, Sven Schulzke, Sven Wellmann, Peter Weber
Summary: This study identified differences in early attention and learning in preterm infants, indicating the potential for improved allocation of early neurodevelopmental support. Electrophysiological evaluation shows promise as a feasible tool for assessing very early cognition in infants.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Roland Gerull, Roland P. Neumann, Andrew Atkinson, Luca Bernasconi, Sven M. Schulzke, Sven Wellmann
Summary: The study found that plasma levels of MR-proANP and CT-proET-1 are associated with respiratory morbidity in preterm infants, but the correlation disappears after adjusting for covariates. These biomarkers have limited additional value in predicting respiratory morbidity in preterm infants compared to clinical parameters.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Rhea Urs, Benjamin Stoecklin, J. Jane Pillow, Benjamin Hartmann, Graham L. Hall, Shannon J. Simpson
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Fabienne Decrue, Olga Gorlanova, Yasmin Salem, Danielle Vienneau, Kees de Hoogh, Amanda Gisler, Jakob Usemann, Insa Korten, Uri Nahum, Pablo Sinues, Sven Schulzke, Oliver Fuchs, Philipp Latzin, Martin Roosli, Urs Frey
Summary: Preterm infants are more susceptible to the impact of air pollution, leading to increased impairment of lung function.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Stefano Robbiani, Francesco Tarantini, Lorenzo Ventura, Chiara Veneroni, Lorenza Draghi, Mar Janna Dahl, J. Jane Pillow, Raffaele L. Dellaca
Summary: Tracheal occlusion (TO) is a fetal treatment option for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, aiming to reduce lung hypoplasia and hypertension. However, the effect of TO on lung pressure was unknown. In this study, an implantable device was developed for real-time wireless monitoring and long-term logging of lung pressure in ovine fetuses. The device showed high accuracy and stability, successfully detecting pressure changes caused by TO.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Daniele De Luca, David G. Tingay, Anton H. van Kaam, Sherry E. Courtney, Martin C. J. Kneyber, Pierre Tissieres, Ascanio Tridente, Peter C. Rimensberger, J. Jane Pillow, Neonatal Ards Project Collaboration Group
Summary: This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal ARDS. The prevalence and survival of neonatal ARDS were found to be similar to pediatric ARDS. Different subtypes of neonatal ARDS may have distinct clinical outcomes and a different distribution among term and preterm neonates.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Amanda Vrselja, J. Jane Pillow, Jonathan G. Bensley, Stacey J. Ellery, Siavash Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Timothy J. Moss, M. Jane Black
Summary: Intrauterine inflammation, caused by lipopolysaccharide exposure, exacerbates the adverse effects of preterm birth on cardiac structure and cardiomyocyte growth in preterm lambs. This maladaptive remodeling and perturbation of cardiomyocyte growth may contribute to increased vulnerability to cardiac dysfunction following preterm birth.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Amanda Vrselja, Jennifer Jane Pillow, Jonathan G. Bensley, Siavash Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Peter B. Noble, Mary Jane Black
Summary: Postnatal dexamethasone therapy in preterm lambs had a dose-dependent adverse effect on cardiac maturation and morphology within the first week of life. High-dose treatment resulted in significant differences in gene expression, reduced cardiomyocyte endowment in the right ventricle, and increased inflammatory infiltrates in the left ventricle. Low-dose exposure had minimal effects on the preterm heart.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Emanuela Zannin, Benjamin Stoecklin, Jane Y. Y. Choi, Shannon J. J. Simpson, Chiara Veneroni, Raffaele L. L. Dellaca, Jane J. J. Pillow
Summary: This study investigated the effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on ventilatory response and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) stability during a hypoxic challenge in preterm infants. The results showed individual variability in ventilatory response regardless of BPD severity. Some infants reduced ventilation, while others increased minute ventilation during the hypoxic challenge. Periodic breathing, increased SpO(2) variability, and oscillatory patterns in ventilation and SpO(2) were also observed, irrespective of BPD severity.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Benjamin Stoecklin, Y. Jane Choi, Theodore Dassios, J. Gareth Jones, Geoffrey G. Lockwood, J. Jane Pillow
Summary: In preterm infants, instability of peripheral oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO(2)) is associated with late disability. This study found that a reduced ventilation to perfusion ratio (V-A/Q) is the main factor leading to SpO(2) instability.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fernando Perez Rojo, J. Jane Pillow, Parwinder Kaur
Summary: The isoflavonoid derivatives, pterocarpans and coumestans, have potential applications as osteo-regenerative, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer agents. Plant-based systems have limitations for producing these derivatives, but microbial cell factories, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, offer an efficient platform. Bioprospecting microbes and enzymes can enhance production and identify biosynthetic pathways. Using a holistic approach, microalgal species can be used as microbial cell factories to produce these compounds. Bioprospecting tools provide a promising field for sustainably producing isoflavonoid derivatives.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fernando Perez Rojo, Paton Vuong, J. Jane Pillow, Parwinder Kaur
Summary: Plants produce secondary metabolites that are beneficial for human health. However, native plant production systems face challenges such as excessive land use, high carbon footprints, and long production times, making plant-based production inefficient. Microbial-based synthetic biology offers an alternative method that addresses these limitations.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Rhea Urs, Rubi Ni Chin, Naomi Hemy, Andrew C. C. Wilson, J. Jane Pillow, Graham L. L. Hall, Shannon J. J. Simpson
Summary: The study found that markers of neutrophilic inflammation and oxidative stress in the airways remain elevated in very premature infants even beyond the first year of life.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Jane Pillow, Erzsebet Bartolak-Suki, Peter B. Noble, Clare A. Berry, Bela Suki
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark Adams, Sven M. Schulzke, Bjarte Rogdo, Philipp Meyer, Jane McDougall, Martin Stocker, Juliane Schneider, Thomas Riedel, Riccardo Pfister, Dirk Bassler
Summary: This study did not find the reported association between the COVID-19 pandemic and a reduced preterm birth rate in Switzerland. However, it confirmed a possible link between the pandemic and higher odds of respiratory distress syndrome, potentially coupled with the need for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Further observation is warranted to understand the effects of the pandemic on newborn health care provision, as the current data only covers the first 9 months of the pandemic.
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2022)
